1、专业八级-1036 及答案解析(总分：97.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、PART LISTENING COM(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、SECTION A(总题数：1，分数：10.00)In business, many places adopt a credit system,which dates back to ancient times. At present, purchases can be made by using credit cards. They fallinto two categories: one has (1)_use, while (1)_the ot
2、her is accepted almost everywhere. The application for the use of the latter one must be made at a (2)_. (2)_Once the customer starts using the card, he will be provided with a monthly statement of (3)_ (3)_by the credit company. He is required to pay one quarter to half of his credit (4)_every (4)_
3、month. Advantages. 1. With a card, it is not (5)_to save up money before an actual pur- (5)_chase. 2. If the card is lost, its owner is protected. 3. A (6)_and complete list of purchase (6)_received from the credit company helps the owner to remember the time and (7)_of his purchase. 4. (7)_The card
4、s are accepted in a(n) (8)_by (8)_professional people like dentists, etc. Major disadvantage. The card owner is tempted to (9)_his money. If this is the case, it will (9)_become increasingly difficult for the user to keep up with the required (10)_, which will result in (10)_the credit card being ca
5、ncelled by the credit company.（分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_三、SECTION B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)(1).Susan had always been interested in _.A. multimedia education B. multimedia devicesC. multicultural education D. multicultural communication（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2)
6、.Susan _.A. has been comfortable working with computers from the very beginningB. used to be afraid of computersC. decided to enroll in a computer courseD. dreamed of becoming a computer expert（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Her first Internet project _.A. was a simple one about healthB. started when they had
7、computers in the classroom that were connected to the InternetC. received congratulatory letters from students parentsD. was rewarded a phone line by her administrator（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).What was Susans motive for carrying on the project?A. Her passion. B. Her administrators demand.C. Peer pressure
8、. D. Students encouragement.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).Which of the following was NOT mentioned by Susan when she talked about her personal rewards?A. Her project changed parents attitude towards the Internet.B. Her projects have had a positive impact.C. A class in Canada purchased computers because they
9、were eager to be on her project.D. She got to collaborate with a lot of talented teachers.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.四、SECTION C(总题数：4，分数：5.00)1.When voting, the minorities agreed to cut the legal time limit for abortion toA. 24 weeks. B. 12 weeks. C. 23 weeks. D. 22 weeks.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.How many times ha
10、s the House voted for a specific withdrawal target date up to now?A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(1).According to the findings by the American researchers, what is of help in relieving patients pain and worry?A. Brain. B. Skin. C. Medicine. D. A sharp needle.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).
11、Magnetic resonance imaging devices can show _.A. dependence on illegal drugsB. targeted points on the bodyC. the change in the flow of bloodD. whether a patient can be treated by acupuncture（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3.If Reno Prevals supporters exceeded 50 of the total voters, he wouldA. surpass another cand
12、idate.B. be the president of Haiti.C. avoid a second round runoff.D. defeat his rival in the first round.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.五、PART READING COMPR(总题数：0，分数：0.00)六、TEXT A(总题数：1，分数：4.00)Is language, like food, a basic human need without which a child at a critical period of life can be starved and dam age
13、d? Judging from the drastic experiment of Frederick I in the thirteenth century, it may be. Hoping to discover what language a child would speak if he heard no mother tongue, he told the nurses to keep silent.All the infants died before the first year. But clearly there was more than lack of languag
14、e here. What was missing was good mothering. Without good mothering, in the first year of life especially, the capacity to survive is seriously affected.Today no such severe lack exists as that ordered by Frederick. Nevertheless, some children are still backward in speaking. Most often the reason fo
15、r this is that the mother is insensitive to the signals of the infant, whose brain is programmed to learn language rapidly. If these sensitive periods are neglected, the ideal time for acquiring skills passes and they might never be learned so easily again. A bird learns to sing and to fly at the ri
16、ght time, but the process is slew and hard once the critical stage has passed.Experts suggest that speech stages are reached in a fixed sequence and at a constant age, but there are. cases where speech has started late in a child who eventually turns out to be of high IQ. At twelve weeks a baby smil
17、es and makes vowel-like sounds; at twelve months he can speak simple words and understand simple commands; at eighteen months he has a vocabulary of three to five words. At three he knows about 1,000 words which he can put into sentences, and at four his language differs from that of his parents in
18、style rather titan grammar.Recent evidence suggests that an infant is born with the capacity to speak. What is special about mans brain, compared with that of the monkey, is the complex system which enables a child to connect the sight and feel of, say, a toy-bear with the sound pattern “toy bear“.
19、And even more incredible is the young brains ability to pick out an order in language from the mixture of sound around him, to analyse, to combine and recombine the parts of a language in new ways.But speech has to be induced, and this depends on interaction between the mother and the child, where t
20、he mother recognises the signals in the childs babbling(咿哑学语) , grasping and smiling, and responds to them. Insensitivity of the mother to these signals dulls the interaction because the child gets discouraged and sends out only the obvious signals. Sensitivity to the childs non-verbal signals is es
21、sential to the growth and development of language.（分数：4.00）(1).The purpose of Frederick Is experiment was _.A. to prove that children are born with the ability to speakB. to discover what language a child would speak without hearing any human speechC. to find out what role careful nursing would play
22、 in teaching a child to speakD. to prove that a child could be damaged without learning a language（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The reason some children are backward in speaking is most probably that _.A. they are incapable of learning language rapidlyB. they are exposed to too much language of onceC. their
23、mothers respond inadequately to their attempts to speakD. their mothers are not intelligent enough to help them（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).What is exceptionally remarkable about a child is that _.A. he is born with the capacity to speakB. he has a brain more complex than an animalsC. he can produce his own
24、 sentencesD. he owes his speech ability to good nursing（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Which of the following can NOT be inferred from the passage?A. The faculty of speech is reborn in man.B. Encouragement is anything but essential to a child in language learning.C. The childs brain is highly selective.D. Most
25、 children learn their language in definite stages.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.七、TEXT B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Given the lack of fit between gifted students and their schools, it is not surprising that such students often have little good to say about their school experience. In one study of 400 adults who had achieved
26、distinction in all areas of life, researchers found that three-fifths of these individuals either did badly in school or were unhappy in school. Few MacArthur Prize fellows, winners of the MacArthur Award for creative accomplishment, had good things to say about their precollegiate schooling if they
27、 had not been placed in advanced programs.Anecdotal reports support this. Pablo Picasso, Charles Darwin, Mark Twain, Oliver Goldsmith, and William Butler Yeats all disliked school. So did Winston Churchill, who almost failed out of Harrow, an elite British school. About Oliver Goldsmith, one of his
28、teachers remarked, “Never was so dull a boy.“ Often these children realize that they know more than their teachers, and their teachers often feel that these children are arrogant, inattentive, or unmotivated.Some of these gifted people may have done poorly in school because their gifts were not scho
29、lastic. Maybe we can account for Picasso in this way. But most fared poorly in school not because they lacked ability but because they found school unchallenging and consequently lost interest. Yeats described the lack of fit between his mind and school: “Because I had found it difficult to attend t
30、o anything less interesting than my own thoughts, I was difficult to teach.“ As noted earlier, gifted children of all kinds tend to be strong-willed nonconformists. Nonconformity and stubbornness (and Yeatss level of arrogance and self-absorption) are likely to lead to conflicts with teachers.When h
31、ighly gifted students in any domain talk about what was important to the development of their abilities, they are far more likely to mention their families than their schools or teachers. A writing prodigy studied by David Feldman and Lynn Goldsmith was taught far more about writing by his journalis
32、t father than his English teacher. High-IQ children, in Australia studied by Miraca Gross had much more positive feelings about their families than their schools. About half of the mathematicians studied by Benjamin Bloom had little good to say about school. They all did well in school and took hono
33、rs classes when available, and some skipped grades.（分数：5.00）(1).The major idea of the author concerning schools is that_.A. they should teach students from different ethnic backgrounds in different waysB. they are hopelessly deficient when it comes to those extraordinary prodigiesC. they should enla
34、rge the number of students in one class as soon as possibleD. they should pay special attention to poorly-performing students（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The phrase “attend to“ in the third paragraph means_.A. deal with B. participate inC. join in D. take part in（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Like Goldsmith and Yeats
35、, Pablo Picasso is specially mentioned as one of those talents who_.A. failed to heed the lectures for lack of the ability to concentrate for long spellsB. thought of themselves as too excellent, beyond any ordinary teachers who they despised greatlyC. could not get themselves interested in their st
36、udies, which failed to provide any challenges to their thinking mindsD. firmly believed in the sheer futility of any course they had taken in school（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).For many talents, the most important people tend to be_.A. their schools B. their teachersC. their friends D. their parents or part
37、ners（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).The most important reason for talented peoples poor feelings about school is that_.A. they did not gain the due recognition from their discouraging teachersB. school courses were far from being inspiring for their further developmentC. the teaching policies of the school wer
38、e often too harsh for them to put up withD. their excellence often invite envies and hatred from their fellow students（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.八、TEXT C(总题数：1，分数：5.00)For eight years the Clinton Administration preached the need for exquisite sensitivity to the Russians. Theyd had a rough time. They needed nu
39、rturing from their new American friends.They got it. We fed them loans, knowing that much of the money would disappear corruptly. We turned away from atrocity in Chechnya lest we weaken the new Russian state. But most important, we went weak in the knees on missile defense. The prospect of American
40、antiballistic missiles upset the Russians. And upsetting the Russians was something we simply were not to do.The Russians cannot keep up with American technology. And they fear that an American missile shield will render obsolete their last remnant of greatness: their monster, nuclear-tipped missile
41、s. So they insist that we adhere to a 1972 treaty signed with the defunct Soviet Union that prohibited either side from developing missile defenses. That the treaty is obsolete-it long predates the world of rogue states racing to acquire missile-launched weapons of mass destruction-does not concern
42、the Russians. Withdraw from the treaty, they said, and you have destroyed the “strategic stability“ on which the peace of the world depends.The Clinton Administration took that threat seriously-so seriously that for eight years it equivocated on building an American ABM system. Finally, President Cl
43、inton promised to decide by June 2000. Come June, he punted.Eight years, and no defense. But the bear was content.Bear contentment was never a high priority for Ronald Reagan. He offered a different model for dealing with the Russians. The 1980s model went by the name of peace through strength. But
44、it was more than that. It was judicious but unapologetic unilateralism. It was willingness-in the face of threats and bluster from foreign adversaries and nervous apprehension from domestic critics-to do what the U.S. needed to do for its own security. Regardless.It was Reagan who famously proposed
45、a missile shield, and even more famously refused to barter it away at the Reykjavik summit, an event many historians consider the turning point in the cold war. That marked the beginning of the Soviets definitive realization that they were going to lose the arms race to the U.S.-and that neither thr
46、eats nor cajoling would dissuade the U.S. from running it.This decade starts with a return to the unabashed unilateralism of the 1980s. It began last year with a speech by George W. Bush proposing that the U.S. build weapons to meet American needs-and not to accommodate the complaints or gain the ag
47、reement of other countries. For 40 years the U.S. would not cut its offensive nuclear missiles except in conjunction with Soviet cuts. Bushs refreshing question was: Why? We dont need Rnssians cutting our offensive weapons through arms-control treaties. And we dont need Russians telling us whether o
48、r not to build defensive weapons.This was the genesis of the Bush Doctrine, now taking shape as the Administration takes power. Its motto is, we build to suit-ourselves. Accordingly, the President and the Secretary of Defense have been unequivocal about their determination to go ahead with a missile defense.They staked their claim. And what happened? Did the sky fall, as the Clinton Russian experts warned? On the contrary. Convinced at last of American seriousness, the Russians immediately acquiesced. After just one month of Bush, Moscow
