1、专业八级-1030 及答案解析(总分：83.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、PART LISTENING COM(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、SECTION A(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Dangers can be caused by the use of such abstract wordsas “beauty“, “crime“ and“ (1) _ “. The danger lies (1) _in the fact that the word “beauty“ may mean different things fordifferent people. When we u
2、se it, we may not be (2) _ (2) _what is in our mind to other people because they may have theiridea about “beauty“ different from (3) _ (3) _(4) _ sorts of danger arise with the word “crime“. (4) _It is generally used to refer to acts that are forbidden by law.Anyone who (5) _ such an act is, strict
3、ly speaking, a (5) _“criminal“. The word “crime“ is associated mainly with(6) _ such as armed robbery and murder; and the (6) _common idea of the “criminal“ is of a dangerous kind of man.However, a girl of seventeen who takes something off a shop shelfmay be thought as a criminal by a (7) _ man. Her
4、e, once (7) _again, we see how an abstract word makes a misleading impression.If “beauty“ is an aesthetic abstraction, and “crime“ a legalabstraction, “average“ is a (8) _ . For instance, to (8) _know the average height of all the people in a town is to know(9) _ at all about any of the individuals
5、living there. (9) _Therefore, abstract ideas and their expressions have to bewatched with caution. We must (10) _ before (10) _deciding whether we know what one is really saying.（分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_三、SECTION B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)(1).There is a g
6、reat employment demand for graduates of all the following majors EXCEPTA. engineering. B. finance.C. management. D. accounting.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Which of the following is TRUE of the job market?A. Employees are in face of fierce competition.B. Salaries of engineering grads are lower than the aver
7、age.C. Starting salaries have been increased this year.D. There might be another hiring surge next year.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).The expert suggests that graduates should not rely on the Internet becauseA. it is not a good job searching strategy.B. not all job vacancies are available On it.C. grads cann
8、ot have a direct contact with employers.D. many grads dont have access to the Internet.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).According to the interview, which is NOT an advantage of an informational interview?A. It enables grads to get a job more easily.B. It enables grads to get a better-paid job.C. It allows grads
9、 to get a few contacts.D. It allows grads to know more about the industry.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).What can parents do to help their children get a job?A. To encourage them to be confident. B. To support them financially.C. To urge them to be dependent. D. To keep an eye on their emotions.（分数：1.00）A.B.C
10、.D.四、SECTION C(总题数：3，分数：5.00)(1).The reasons why the church wanted to burn Harry Potter books didnt include that _.A. it believed that the books were an abhorrence to GodB. it believed that the books would weaken the communication with GodC. it believed that the existence of God had been confused by
11、 the bookD. it believed that the books would ruin the lives of many young people（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Which statement is not true?A. The stories of Harry Potter are criticized in some other cities in U.S except New Mexicon.B. Young people are fascinated with Harry Potter.C. Christian churches hate Ha
12、rry Potter.D. Pastor Jack Brock planned to bum the Harry Potter books on Sunday.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(1).Why did NATO target a vehicle storage area in a complex and carry out daytime airstrikes?A. Because forces loyal to Gadhafi were stationed there.B. Because it was said that Gadhafi often lived there.
13、C. Because there was some white smoke.D. Because they were intended for Gadhafi.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).What happened on Friday?A. There were fierce fights between Gadhafis forces and rebels.B. Russia announced that it would mediate a deal to help oust Gadhafi.C. There were many airstrikes over Tripoli
14、.D. Russia broke the agreement with NATO.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.1.The Government of German is going to _.A. implement a rescue packageB. withdraw money from GreeceC. drive Greece out of the EurozoneD. give more money to Greece before May 9（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.五、PART READING COMPR(总题数：0，分数：0.00)六、TEXT A(总题数：1，
15、分数：4.00)The natural environment has, of course, always conditioned technology. For example, the nature of an environment (polar, desert, jungle) engenders the development of technologies appropriate to that environ merit to enable man to adapt successfully to it. Further, emerging scarcity of some t
16、echnological resource may ignite a research for, and gradual transition to, a new technology using resources present in the environment in greater abundance, as, for example, in the case of the gradual change from wood-based to coal-based technology in England that began in Elizabethan times and str
17、etched until the end of the eighteenth century.In modem Western society, environment has begun to condition technology in new ways, although admittedly more indirectly. The safety and quality of the environment and public perceptions of it have begun to translate into presidential politics and congr
18、essional mandates to regulatory agencies to protect or enhance environmental quality or safety, occasionally even at the cost of some perturbation of the tech-economic stares quo. In France, Italy, and recently the United States, political parties have been formed, organized around a complex of tech
19、nology / environment issues. In general, in the last fifteen years, the gradual development of broad-based environmental awareness, the lobbying and litigious activities of environmental interest groups, and guidelines issued and reinforced by the EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) in response to
20、 congressional mandates have markedly increased the heed paid to the environment by many coq)orations in going about their technological activities. Both research and development priorities and capital investment programs of the corporations have been affected by this.（分数：4.00）(1).Which of the follo
21、wing statements is TRUE?A. Environment enables man to adapt successfully to new technology.B. Technologies enable man to adapt successfully to his environment.C. The development of technologies depends solely on the natural environment.D. Lack of technologies to cope with the environment is caused b
22、y lack of natural resources.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).We can infer from the article that in the 1800s England was probably rich in _.A. wood resources B. technological resourcesC. natural resources D. coal resources（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).In modem Western society, the environmental problem has _.A. received
23、 great attention from the governmentsB. caused some serious disorders in technology and economyC. affected modem technologies more directly than beforeD. become more important but received less and less attention（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).What is the topic of the article?A. What can nature contribute to t
24、echnology?.B. Environment can sometimes block the progress of technology.C. Technologies of all kinds should serve the natural environment.D. Environment deserves the most attention in the development of technologies.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.七、TEXT B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)In recent years American society has become
25、 increasingly dependent on its universities to find solutions to its major problems. It is the universities that have been charged with the principal responsibility for developing the expertise to place men on the moon; for dealing with our urban problems and with our deteriorating environment; for
26、developing the means to feed the worlds rapidly increasing population. The effort involved in meeting these demands presents its own problems. In addition, however, this concentration on the creation of new knowledge significantly impinges on the universities efforts to perform their other principal
27、 functions, the transmission and interpretation of knowledge-the imparting of the heritage of the past and the preparing of the next generation to carry it forward.With regard to this, perhaps their most traditionally sanctioned task, colleges and universities today find themselves in a serious bind
28、 generally. On the one hand, there is the American commitment, entered into especially since World War I, to provide higher education for all young people who can profit from it. The result of the commitment has been a dramatic rise in enrollments in our universities, coupled with a rad ical shift f
29、rom the private to the public sector of higher education. On the other hand, there are serious and continuing limitations on the resources available for higher education.While higher education has become a great “growth industry“, it is also simultaneously a tremendous drain on the resources of the
30、nation. With the vast increase in enrollment and the shift in priorties away from education in state and federal budgets, there is in most of our public institutions a significant decrease in per capital outlay for their students. One crucial aspect of this drain on resources lies in the persistent
31、shortage of trained faculty, which has led, in turn, to a declining standard of competence in instruction.Intensifying these difficulties is, as indicated above, the concern with research, with its competing claims on resources and the attention of the faculty. In addition, there is a strong tendenc
32、y for the institutions organization and functioning to conform to the demands of research rather than those of teaching.（分数：5.00）(1).According to the author, _ is the most important function of institutions of higher education.A. creating new knowledgeB. providing solutions to social problemsC. maki
33、ng experts on sophisticated industries out of their studentsD. preparing their students to transmit inherited knowledge（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).According to the passage, one of the causes for the difficulties of American higher education is that _.A. the government has stopped giving public institutions
34、 as much financial support as it used toB. America has always been encouraging young people to go to collegeC. many public institutions have replaced private onesD. the government only finances such researches as that of placing man on the moon（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).The phrase “impinge on“ most probab
35、ly means _.A. promote B. rely on C. have an impact on D. block（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).A serious outcome brought out by the shortage of resources is that _.A. many public institutions have to cut down enrollments of studentsB. teachers are not qualified enough for satisfactory performance in classesC. s
36、ome institutions have to reduce the expenses on researchD. there is keen competition for resources and attention of faculty between public and private institutions（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE?A. American society has failed to provide these institutions with adeq
37、uate resources to meet their needs.B. Though in difficulty, these institutions are determined to fulfill both research and teaching functions.C. American society has relied too much on their institutions of higher-education to allow them for easy adjustment to all their functions.D. More resources a
38、nd efforts of faculty are needed for research work than teaching work.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.八、TEXT C(总题数：1，分数：4.00)Every profession or trade, every art, and every science has its technical vocabulary, the function of which is partly to designate things or processes which have no names in ordinary English
39、, and partly to secure greater exactness in nomenclature. Such special dialects, or jargons, are necessary in technical discussion of any kind. Being universally understood by the devotees of the particular science or art, they have the precision of a mathematical formula. Besides, they save time, f
40、or it is much more economical to name a process than to describe it. Thousands of these technical terms are very properly included in every large dictionary, yet, as a whole, they are rather on the outskirts of the English language than actually within its borders.Different occupations, however, dif
41、fer widely in the character of their special vocabularies. In trades and handicrafts, and other vocations, like farming and fishery, which have occupied great numbers of men from re mote times, the technical vocabulary, is very old. It consists largely of native words, or of borrowed words that have
42、 worked themselves into the very fiber of our language. Hence, though highly technical in many particulars, these vocabularies are more familiar in sound, and more generally understood, than most other technicalities. The special dialects of law, medicine, divinity, and philosophy have also, in thei
43、r older strata, become pretty familiar to cultivated persons, and have contributed much to the popular vocabulary. Yet every vocation possesses a large body of technical terms that remain essentially foreign, even to educated speech. And the pro portion has been much increased in the last fifty year
44、s, particularly in the various departments of natural and political science and in the mechanic arts. Here new terms are coined with the great freedom, and abandoned with indifference when they have served their turn. Most of the new coinages are confined to special discussions, and seldom get into
45、general literature or conversation. Yet no profession is nowadays, as all professions once were, a close guild. The lawyer, the physician, the man of science, the divine, associates freely with his fellow-creatures, and does not meet them in a merely professional way. Furthermore, what is called “po
46、pular science“ makes everybody acquainted with modem views and recent discoveries. Any important experiment, though made in a remote or provincial laboratory, is at once reported in the newspapers, and everybody is soon talking about it-as in the case of the Roentgen rays and wireless telegraphy. Th
47、us our common speech is al ways taking up new technical terms and making them commonplace. (419)（分数：4.00）(1).This passage is primarily concerned with _.A. a new languageB. technical terminologyC. various occupations and professionsD. scientific undertakings（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Special words used in
48、technical discussion _.A. should be confined to scientific fieldsB. should resemble mathematical formulaeC. are considered artificial speechD. may become part of common speech（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).It is true that _.A. the average man often uses in his own vocabulary what was once technical language not meant for himB. various professions and occupations often interchange their dialects and jargonsC. there is always a clear-cut nontechnical word that may be substituted for the technical wordD. an educated person would be expected to know most technical terms（
