1、专业八级-1027 及答案解析(总分：92.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、PART LISTENING COM(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、SECTION A(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Why People workWe may fully realize the role of work in providing us the(1)_things of life. But we may ignore its role in 1. _contributing to our (2)_well-being. For most people, 2. _work is not only a
2、necessity, but also the (3)_of 3. _their lives. Many doctors have observed its (4)_ 4. _effect. For many people, the absence of job is (5)_to 5. _their health.Why people need work? Firstly, people get their(6) _rewards from work. Everybody wants to do 6. _something that can serve as a (7)_to our abi
3、lity. 7. _Secondly, people need to be (8)_recognized. A good 8. _job can provide people with both status and (9)_ 9. _We are often misled by peoples complaints about difficultwork. In fact, most of them regard their own capacity to dothe tough job as the mark of their unique personality. For ushuman
4、 beings, it is energy (10)_that is satisfying. 10. _（分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_三、SECTION B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)(1).What did Mrs. Bruces attitude towards suffragette movement use to be?A. Supportive. B. Contradictory. C. Neutral. D. Ambiguous.（分数：1.00）A.
5、B.C.D.(2).What did Mrs. Bruce think of the suffragettes efforts?A. They were useless. B. They were ridiculous.C. They were good in a lot of ways. D. They were somewhat limited.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Which of the following statements about the suffragette movement is TRUE according to Mrs.Brace?A. Ther
6、e would be much difference without the movement.B. The movement should be more peaceful.C. The movement actually did nothing good.D. The movement brought something harmful in the long term.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Which of the following about marching in the suffragette movement days is NOT true?A. The
7、marching was violent. B. Nobody interfered.C. There were a few boos. D. There were a lot of clapping.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).What does Mrs. Bruce think about politics?A. She thinks women shouldnt enter politics.B. She thinks beating men at politics is great.C. She thinks women sometimes can be better a
8、t politics than men.D. She thinks politics is mens job.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.四、SECTION C(总题数：4，分数：6.00)1.According to the Palestinian Health Ministry, how many children were killed?A. 750 B. About 250 C. 18 D. 9（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(1).How long had the border between Egypt and Israel been closed?A. Three yea
9、rs. B. Four years. C. Forty years. D. Three months.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Which of the following statements is correct?A. All women are allowed to pass the border freely.B. Trading is prohibited unless with a permit.C. The order or“ relaxing the border restrictions has been issued by President Hosni M
10、ubarak.D. Egypt believes that weapon smuggling will happen all the time.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.When voting, the minorities agreed to cut the legal time limit for abortion toA. 24 weeks. B. 12 weeks. C. 23 weeks. D. 22 weeks.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(1).The reasons why the church wanted to burn Harry Potter book
11、s didnt include that _.A. it believed that the books were an abhorrence to GodB. it believed that the books would weaken the communication with GodC. it believed that the existence of God had been confused by the bookD. it believed that the books would ruin the lifves of many young people（分数：1.00）A.
12、B.C.D.(2).Which statement is not true?A. The stories of Harry Potter are criticized in some other cities in U.S except New MexiconB. Young people are fascinated with Harry PotterC. Christian churches hate Harry PotterD. Pastor Jack Brock planned to burn the Harry Potter books on Sunday（分数：1.00）A.B.C
13、.D.五、PART READING COMPR(总题数：0，分数：0.00)六、TEXT A(总题数：1，分数：6.00)Every silver lining has its cloud. At the moment, the worlds oceans absorb a million tonnes of carbon dioxide an hour. Admittedly that is only a third of the rate at which humanity dumps the stuff into the atmosphere by burning fossil fuel
14、s, but it certainly helps to slow down global warming. However, what is a blessing for the atmosphere turns out to be a curse for the oceans. When carbon dioxide dissolves in water it forms carbonic acid. At the moment, seawater is naturally alkaline -but it is becoming less so all the time.The biol
15、ogical significance of this acidification was a topic of debate among scientists. Many species of invertebrate have shells or skeletons made of calcium carbonate. It is these, fossilized, that form rocks such as chalk and limestone. And, as anyone who has studied chemistry at school knows, if you dr
16、op chalk into acid it fizzes away to nothing. Many marine biologists therefore worry that some species will soon be unable to make their protective homes. Many of the species most at risk are corals.The end of the Permian period, 252m years ago, was marked by the biggest extinction of life known to
17、have happened on Earth. At least part of the cause of this extinction seems to have been huge volcanic eruptions that poured carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. But some groups of animals became more extinct than others. Sponges, corals and brachiopods were particularly badly hit.Rather than countin
18、g individual species of fossils, which vary over time, paleontologists who study extinction usually count entire groups of related species, called genera. More than 90% of Permian genera of sponges, corals and brachiopods vanished in the extinction. By contrast, only half of the genera of mollusks a
19、nd arthropods disappeared.This is because mollusks and arthropods are able to buffer the chemistry of the internal fluids from which they create their shells. This keeps the acidity of those fluids constant. Sponges, corals and brachiopods, however, cannot do this.The situation at the moment is not
20、as bad as it was at the end of the Permian. Nevertheless, calculations suggest that if todays trends continue, the alkalinity of the ocean will have fallen by half a pH unit by 2100. That would make some places, such as the Southern Ocean, uninhabitable for corals. Since corals provide habitat and f
21、ood sources for many other denizens of the deep, this could have a profound effect on the marine food web.No corals, no sea urchins and no who-knows-what-else would be bad news indeed for the sea. Those who blithely factor oceanic uptake into the equations of what people can get away with when it co
22、mes to greenhouse-gas pollution should, perhaps, have second thoughts.（分数：6.00）(1).The sentence “Every silver lining has its cloud“ in the first paragraph probably means_.A. there is always a difficult side to a hopeful situationB. there is always a comforting side to a sad situationC. there is alwa
23、ys a chink of light before the sun comes pouring inD. visible water vapor floating in the sky can join up to make a silver line（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The word “alkaline“ in the first paragraph means_.A. containing a substance which has the chemical behavior of an acidB. containing a substance which ha
24、s the opposite effect to an acidC. tasting of saltD. containing a substance which has the chemical behavior of salt（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).The word “brachiopod“ in the third paragraph means_.A. a kind of invertebrates B. a kind of marine mammalsC. a kind of colonial plants D. a kind of aquatic vertebra
25、tes（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).The sentence “Those who blithely factor oceanic uptake into the equations of what people can get away with when it comes to greenhouse-gas pollution should, perhaps, have second thoughts“ in the last paragraph means that_.A. a reconsideration is necessary for those who think
26、people can get away with greenhouse-gas pollutionB. a reconsideration is necessary for those who think of the equations concerning what oceans can takeC. a reconsideration is necessary for those who think people can burn more fossil fuels since oceans absorb a lot of carbon dioxideD. a reconsiderati
27、on is necessary for those who think oceans will make greenhouse-gas pollution even worse（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).Which category of writing does the passage belong to?A. Narration. B. Description. C. Persuasion. D. Exposition.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(6).The best title for the passage is_.A. Global Warming B. So
28、ur TimesC. Carbon Dioxide D. Ocean Acidity（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.七、TEXT B(总题数：2，分数：7.00)We all know that programming language is the system of syntax, grammar, and symbols or words used to give instructions to a computer. Because computers work with binary numbers, first-generation languages, called machi
29、ne languages, required the writing of long strings of binary numbers to represent such operations as add, subtract, and compare. Later improvements allowed octal, decimal, or hexadecimal representation of binary strings. It is difficult to write error-free programs in machine language; many language
30、s have been created to make programming easier and faster. Symbolic, or assembly, languages- second-generation languages- were introduced in the early 1950s. They use simple mnemonics such as “A“ for add or “M“ for multiply, which are translated into machine language by a computer program called an
31、assembler. An extension of such a language is the macro instruction, a mnemonic (such as “READ“ ) for which the assembler substitutes a series of simpler mnemonics. In the mid-1950s, a third generation of languages came into use. Called high-level languages because they are largely independent of th
32、e hardware, these algorithmic, or procedural, languages are designed for solving a particular type of problem. Unlike machine or symbolic languages, they vary little between computers. They must be translated into machine code by a program called a compiler or interpreter. The first such language wa
33、s FORTRAN (FORmula TRANslation), developed about 1956 and best used for scientific calculation. The first commercial language, COBOL (Common Business Oriented Language), was developed about 1959. ALGOL (ALGOrithmic Language), developed in Europe about 1958, is used primarily in mathematics and scien
34、ce, as is APL (A Programming Language), published in 1962. PI/1 (programming Language I), developed in the late 1960s, and ADA (for Ada Augusta, countess of Lovelace, biographer of Charles Babbage), developed in 1981, are designed for both business and scientific use. For personal computers the most
35、 popular languages are BASIC (Beginners All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code), developed in 1967 and similar to FORTRAN, and Pascal (for Blaise Pascal, who built the first successful mechanical calculator), introduced in 1971 as a teaching language. Modula 2, a Pacal-like language for commercial an
36、d mathematical applications, was introduced in 1982. The C language, introduced (1972) to implement the Unix operating system, has been extended to C + to deal with the rigors of object-oriented programming. Fourth-generation languages are nonprocedural. They specify what is to be accomplished witho
37、ut describing how. The first one, FORTH, developed in 1970, is used in scientific and industrial control applications. Most fourth-generation languages are written for specific purposes. Fifth-generation languages, which are still in infancy, are an outgrowth of artificial intelligence research. PRO
38、LOG (PRO gramming Logic) is useful for programming logical processes and making deductions automatically.Many other languages have been designed to meet specialized needs. GPSS (General Purpose System Simulator) is used for modeling physical and environmental events, and SNOBOL (String-Oriented Symb
39、olic Language) and LISP (LISt Processing) are designed for pattern matching and list processing. LOGO, a version of LISP, was developed in the 1960s to help children learn about computers. PILOT (Programmed Instruction Learning, Or Testing) is used in writing instructional software, and Occam is a n
40、onsequential language that optimizes the execution of a program s instructions in parallel processing systems.（分数：3.00）(1).The 3rd generation of programming language shares all the following characteristics EXCEPT _.A. it is used in designing softwareB. it is hardware-independentC. is should be tran
41、slated into the computer language by softwareD. it is designed to solve some specific problem（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).In the late 1950 s, for the first time a computer programming language _.A. began using binary numbersB. was used to implement the Unix operating systemC. was put into the marketD. was u
42、sed for modeling physical and environmental events（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Which programming language is designed for the instruction of youngsters?A. B AS IC. B. FORTRAN. C. ALGOL. D. LOGO.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.1 For the Greeks, beauty was a virtue: a kind of excellence. Persons then were assumed to be what
43、 we now have to calllamely, enviouslywhole persons. If it did occur to the Greeks to distinguish between a persons “inside“ and “outside,“ they still expected that inner beauty would be matched by beauty of the other kind. The well-born young Athenians who gathered around Socrates found it quite par
44、adoxical that their hero was so intelligent, so brave, so honorable, so seductiveand so ugly. One of Socrates main pedagogical acts was to be uglyand teach those innocent, no doubt splendid-looking disciples of his how full of paradoxes life really was.2 They may have resisted Socrates lesson. We do
45、 not. Several thousand years later, we are more wary of the enchantments of beauty. We not only split offwith the greatest facilitythe “inside“(character, intellect) from the “outside“ (looks); but we are actually surprised when someone who is beautiful is also intelligent, talented, good.3 It was p
46、rincipally the influence of Christianity that deprived beauty of the central place it had in classical ideals of human excellence. By limiting excellence (virtus in Latin) to moral virtue only, Christianity set beauty adriftas an alienated, arbitrary, superficial enchantment. And beauty has continue
47、d to lose prestige. For close to two centuries it has become a convention to attribute beauty to only one of the two sexes, the sex which, however fair, is always Second. Associating beauty with women has put beauty even further on the defensive, morally.4 A beautiful woman, we say in English, but a
48、 handsome man. “Handsome“ is the masculine equivalent ofand refusal ofa compliment which has accumulated certain demeaning overtones, by being reserved for women only. That one can call a man “beautiful“ in French and in Italian suggests that Catholic countriesunlike those countries shaped by the Protestant version of Christianitystill retain some vestiges of the pagan admiration for beauty. But the difference, if one exists, is of degree only. In every modern country that is Christian or post-Christian, women are the beautiful sexto the detriment of t
