1、专业八级-1025 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、PART LISTENING COM(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、SECTION A(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Complete the gap-filling task. Some of the gaps below may require a maximum of THREE words. Make sure the word(s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may refer to y
2、our notes.Many articles and books have been written in recent years about culture in organizations, usually referred to as “Corporate Culture“. Maintaining corporate culture1) Hewlett-Packard corporate culture: (1) for others, a sense of community, and plain hard work maintenance of corporate cultur
3、e: through extensive training of managers and employees2) Southwest Airlines zealous about hiring: looking for a particular type of person, regardless of (2) to spend a lot of time and communicate with employees in a variety of ways and a large part of it is (3) . Diversity of corporate cultureFive
4、continuums of cultures according to the Hofstede Cultural Orientation Model1) Individual vs. (4) Orientation2) Power Distance Orientation3) (5) Orientation4) Dominant Values Orientation5) (6) Orientation. Change of corporate culture1) To “reengineer“ themselves: change to (7) orientation Common and
5、(8) goals Organizational commitment Role clarity among team members Team leadership Mutual accountability with the team Complementary knowledge and skills Reinforcement of required behavioral competencies Power (real and perceived) Shared rewards2) Increasing importance of corporate culture: result
6、of several recent developments employees: to be more responsible and think like (9) ; expected to always be “on-call“companies: giving employees more flexible work schedules; filling employees need to belong to (10) .（分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_三、S
7、ECTION B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview.（分数：5.00）(1).What makes David interested in Southeast Asia?A. The pretty divine place.B. Its wonderf
8、ul history.C. Fantastic birds and reptiles.D. A small number of temples.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Which of the following statements about happiness is TRUE according to David?A. Happiness comes from ever-going change.B. Happiness comes when you succeed in doing something.C. Happiness wears off when he fi
9、nally comes back to England.D. Happiness stays even when he comes back to England（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).What does David think is important if someone cares about making television or radio programs?A. Money.B. Enthusiasm. C. New challenges.D. Professional knowledge.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Which of the fo
10、llowing statements about change is NOT mentioned by David?A. Change can come from forces around you.B. Change can come from within yourself.C. Change can bring joy and satisfaction to you.D. Change sometimes can also let you down.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).What can be inferred about Davids attitude toward
11、 change?A. Enthusiastic.B. Indifferent.C. Critical.D. Neutral.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.四、SECTION C(总题数：3，分数：5.00)Questions 6 to 7 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions. Now listen to the news.（分数：2.00）(1).Which of the following sta
12、tements is NOT true?A. A camera phone was used to record the execution of Saddam Hussein.B. The video was banned from spreading over the Interact.C. Mobile phones were banned in the execution.D. There was no clue yet as to who took the footage.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The video has led to _.A. peoples g
13、reater confidence in the governmentB. lighter tension between Sunni and ShiiteC. sympathy for SaddamD. peoples more intensive hatred for Saddam（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.Questions 8 to 9 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions. Now lis
14、ten to the news.（分数：2.00）(1).The news is mainly about _.A. the moon is a big sand trapB. water may be plentiful in the interior of the moonC. collision made the moon so hotD. scientists can identify elements present in the moon（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Why didnt man find a trace of water in moon rocks?A.
15、 Because there is no water in the moon.B. Because the moon is a big sand trap.C. Because the rocks that were brought to the earth is dry.D. Because volatile elements in water have burned away.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.1.Question 10 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be give
16、n 10 seconds to answer the question. Now listen to the news.Which of the following statements about the flood is TRUE?A. Twenty-two people have been killed in the flood.B. In the deadliest incident, fourteen people were killed.C. Dozens of people have been left stranded in factories.D. There were no
17、 police officers hurt in the rescuing work.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.五、PART READING COMPR(总题数：0，分数：0.00)六、TEXT A(总题数：1，分数：5.00)The period of adolescence, i.e., the person between childhood and adulthood, may be long or short, depending on social expectations and on societys definition as to what constitutes
18、maturity and adulthood. In primitive societies adolescence is frequently a relatively short period of time, while in industrial societies with patterns of-prolonged education coupled with laws against child labor, the period of adolescence is much longer and may include most of the second decade of
19、ones life. Furthermore, the length of the adolescent period and the definition of adulthood status may change in a given society as social and economic conditions change. Examples of this type of change are the disappearance of the frontier in the latter part of the nineteenth century in the United
20、States, and more universally, the industrialization of an agricultural society.In modem society, ceremonies for adolescence have lost their formal recognition and symbolic significance and there no longer is agreement as to what constitutes initiation ceremonies. Social ones have been replaced by a
21、sequence of steps that lead to increased recognition and social status. For example, grade school graduation, high school graduation and college graduation constitute such a sequence, and while each step implies certain behavioral changes and social recognition, the significance of each depends on t
22、he socio-economic status and the educational ambition of the individual. Ceremonies for adolescence have also been replaced by legal definitions of status roles, right, privileges and responsibilities. It is during the nine years from the twelfth birthday to the twenty-first that the protective and
23、restrictive aspects of childhood and minor status are removed and adult privileges and responsibilities are granted. The twelve-year-old is no longer considered a child and has to pay full fare for train, airplane, theater and movie tickets. Basically, the individual at this age loses childhood priv
24、ileges without gaining significant adult rights. At the age of sixteen the adolescent is granted certain adult rights which increase his social status by providing him with more freedom and choices. He now can obtain a drivers license; he can leave public schools; and he can work without the restric
25、tions of child labor laws. At the age of eighteen the law provides adult responsibilities as well as rights; the young man can now be a soldier, but he also can marry without parental permission. At the age of twenty-one the individual obtains his full legal rights as an adult. He now can write; he
26、can buy liquor; he can enter into financial contracts; and he is entitled to run for public office. No additional basic rights are acquired as a function of age alter majority status has been attained. None of these legal provisions determine at what point adulthood has been reached but they do poin
27、t to the prolonged period of adolescence.（分数：5.00）(1).The length of adolescence is decided by all of the following EXCEPT _.A. the definition of maturity and adulthoodB. change in social and economic conditionsC. industrialization of the societyD. development of science and technology（分数：1.00）A.B.C.
28、D.(2).What can be a substitute for adolescence ceremonies?A. steps leading to recognitionB. increased social-economic statusC. adult privileges and responsibilitiesD. behavioral changes（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).In modem society, one can fully enjoy his adulthood privileges when he is no less than _ years
29、 old.A. 12 B. 16 C. 18 D. 21（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Which of the following statements is TRUE about a 22-year-old young man?A. He can get more basic rights than those of 21.B. He will get more and more rights as he grows older and older.C. He has no more basic rights than when he was 21.D. He will enjo
30、y more rights granted by society.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).It can be inferred from the passage that _.A. one begins to be considered as an adult since 12B. one has to pay full fare before he is free from the restrictions of child labor lawsC. one begins to lose childhood privileges when he can obtain a d
31、rivers licenseD. one cant marry without parental permission until he can enter into financial contracts（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.七、TEXT B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)The trade and investment relationship between the European Union and the United States is the most important in the world. Despite the emergence of competito
32、rs, Europe and America are the dynamo of the global economy.This economic relationship is a foundation of our political partnership, which we all know has been through a difficult patch. The identity of interest between Europe and America is less obvious than during the cold war. But while the trans
33、-Atlantic relationship is becoming more complex, that does not make it less important. As European commissioner for trade, I do not agree that European and American values are fundamentally diverging, or that our interests no longer coincide.We still share a belief in democracy and individual freedo
34、ms, and in creating opportunity and economic openness. We face the same security challenges. We look ahead to shared global problems: poverty, migration, resource crises, climate change.We need commitment and vision to redefine our relationship. I want to see a stronger and more balanced partnership
35、one in which Europe is more united, more willing to take its role in global leadership and one where the United States is more inclined to share leadership with Europe. We need to find ways to complement each other, not compete in the political arena.We will not achieve either side of this equation
36、without the other. Europe needs to build stronger foreign policies and to be ready to act on the world stage. But equally, the body language we see from America has a huge impact on how Europeans view the partnership. Our common interest requires a strong Europe, not a weak and divided one. I hope t
37、hat the United States will reinforce its historical support for European integration.I am fortunate now to take over an area of policy in which Europe is highly effective: trade. Our top trade priority on both sides of the Atlantic must be to put our weight behind the multilateral Doha development a
38、genda. Concluding this negotiation in a way that lives up to its ambition will bring enormous benefits.Collectively, we took a major step in reaching the framework agreement in Geneva last July, following the lead taken by the E.U. on agriculture export subsidies. We now look to the United States an
39、d others to follow that lead, and we need to accelerate work in other areason industrial tariffs and servicesto achieve a balanced result.The Doha round of talks differs from any other in its focus on development. Europe and the United States must ensure that poorer countries are fully engaged and d
40、erive benefits. But the issues we need to tackle to stimulate growth and innovation in trans-Atlantic trade are not those on the Doha agenda. Our markets are relatively open and highly developed. We need to concentrate on removing regulatory and structural barriers that inhibit activity. This is abo
41、ut cutting international red tape. Our regulatory systems and cultures are different, but that is where real gains can be made.As E.U. trade commissioner I want to develop an ambitious but practical trans-Atlantic agenda. I am not inclined to set rhetorical targets or launch lofty initiatives. I wan
42、t a set of achievable goals.Work on trans-Atlantic deregulation will also contribute to the central goal of the new European Commission: promoting growth and jobs in Europe.I am not naive. I am not turning a blind eye to the inevitable disputes in trans-Atlantic trade. They are relatively small as a
43、 proportion of total trade, but they make the headlines. They reflect the huge volume of our trade and investment flows. That is good. They also reflect our readiness to settle disputes in the World Trade Organization. That is also good. The WTO is the best example of effective multilateralism that
44、the world has so far invented. I hope we will work together to uphold it. If multilateralism is to be worthwhile, it has to be effectiveand that goes for every part of the relationship between Europe and America.（分数：5.00）(1).The word “dynamo“ in the fast paragraph means _.A. machine B. power C. sour
45、ce D. center（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Why does the author long for the U.S.s support for European integration?A. Because this is the need of both sides interests.B. Because the U.S. has long had a good relationship with Europe.C. Because the U.S. always takes its role in global leadership.D. Because this
46、 could help build a strong partnership.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).It can be inferred that trade barriers should be removed in order to _.A. earn more moneyB. make the markets more organizedC. ensure poorer countries engagementD. activate the trans-Atlantic trade（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Which of the following
47、is the aim of this article?A. To launch lofty initiatives.B. To settle the disputes in trans-Atlantic trade.C. To get a better understanding on the regulatory system and culture of America.D. To develop a practical trans-Atlantic agenda.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).Which category of writing does the passage
48、 belong to?A. Narration. B. Description. C. Persuasion. D. Exposition.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.八、TEXT C(总题数：1，分数：5.00)We know that he was baptized on April 26, 1564, so that somewhere between April 20 and April 23, four hundred years ago, was born an Englishman who possessed what was probably the greatest b
49、rain ever encased in a human skull.William Shakespeares work has been performed without interruption for some three hundred and fifty years everywhere in the world. Scholars and students in every land know his name and study his work as naturally as they study their holy booksthe Gospels, the Torah, the Koran, and the others.For centuries clergymen
