1、专业八级-1022 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、PART LISTENING COM(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、SECTION A(总题数：1，分数：10.00)How to Conquer Public Speaking Fear. IntroductionA. Public speaking-a common source of stress for everyoneB. The truth about it-it is not (1) stressful-it is very likely to become invigorating -bears i
2、n mind its meaning, key points and reminders related. Causes of stress in a speechA. lack of right guiding principlesB. lack of fight (3) C. lack of fight plan of action. Meaning of a (4) speech.A. It doesnt mean perfection.B. Give your audience something (5) so that-they feel better about themselve
3、s;-they feel better about jobs they have to do;-they feel happy or entertained. Main points for (6) a speechA. Do not deliver lots of information to the audience.B. Have (7) or an index card. General remindersIf you forget the (8) about public speaking and feel stressful.A. go back and review this l
4、ecture,B. find out what you did (9) ,C. go back out and speak again.Remember that the (10) will be impressive.（分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_三、SECTION B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)(1).Which of the following is NOT mentioned by the author among things that are inhe
5、rited from ancestors?A. Complexion. B. Diseases. C. Adaptation ability. D. Intelligence.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).People are likely to have a higher cholesterol level in winter becauseA. they tend to take in less vitamin D in that season.B. they do less exercise and become weaker than usual.C. they need
6、to eat much more greasy food to keep warm.D. they get less sun to convert cholesterol into vitamin D.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Which of the following is TRUE about eye protection from sunburn?A. We can drink celery juice to prevent our eyes from being tanned.B. We should wear sunglasses after 10-reunite
7、exposure to the sun.C. We can do without eyewear when we go out on a sunny day.D. We should put on sunglasses as soon as we go out in the sun.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Which of the following is NOT the authors view?A. Asians are at a higher risk of alcoholism.B. Organic vegetables are not always safer.C.
8、 We may rust from absorbing too much iron.D. Moderate amount of sun exposure is good.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).Whats the main content of the book Survival of the Sickest?A. It gives conventional account for medicine.B. It introduces the dietary regime for the sick.C. It sees various medical issues in new
9、 fight.D. It offers tips on survival in the wilderness.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.四、SECTION C(总题数：3，分数：5.00)Questions 9 and 10 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.Now listen to the news.（分数：2.00）(1).What is the main idea of the new
10、s item?A. Seals have been ruthlessly hunted in Canada.B. EU considers measures against Canada on seal hunt.C. Canada encourages hunters to take pelts from seals.D. EU has already banned Canadian seal products.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).What has been the major concern of EU over a wider ban since the 1983
11、barfing?A. It might affect hunters and their communities.B. It might destroy free trade within EU.C. It might invite retaliation from Canada.D. It might be criticized by animal activists.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.Questions 7 and 8 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be give
12、n 20 seconds to answer the questions.Now listen to the news.（分数：2.00）(1).What is Mr. Sarkozys purpose of visiting Westminster Abby?A. To address both Houses of Parliament. B. To enjoy a glittering state banquet.C. To honor the unknown soldier. D. To meet Prince Charles and his wife.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.
13、(2).Which of the following indicates the exact sequence of the places Sarkozy will visit?A. Windsor Castle-Westminster Abby-Royal GalleryB. Royal Gallery-Westminster Abby-Windsor CastleC. Westminster Abby-Windsor Castle-Royal GalleryD. Westminster Abby-Royal Gallery-Windsor Castle（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.1.
14、Question 6 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question.Now listen to the news.Which of the following is TRUE about the explosion?A. 9 people were in critical condition. B. Some sport utility vehicles were damaged.C. 2 people were w
15、ounded by the blast. D. A small patch of sand was burnt black_（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.五、PART READING COMPR(总题数：0，分数：0.00)六、TEXT A(总题数：1，分数：4.00)Margaret Spellings, the secretary of education, announced a pilot reform to the No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB), George Bushs education law, which was passed in 20
16、02. Up to ten states, she said, would be allowed to target their resources at the most severely struggling schools, rather than at the vast number needing improvement. The change drew a predictable mix of praise and censure. Above all, though, it was a reminder of utter inaction elsewhere.Congress,
17、which was supposed to re-authorize the law last year, has made little progress. On the campaign trail, concerns over Iraq and the economy have made education a minor issue. Contrary to appearances, the laws main tenets are unlikely to be abandoned completely. But for the Democratic candidates in par
18、ticular, a proper debate on NCLB is to be avoided like political quicksand.Most politicians agree that the law has the fight goals-to raise educational standards and hold schools accountable for meeting them. NCLB requires states to test pupils on math and reading from third to eighth grade (that is
19、, from the ages of eight to 13), and once in high school. Some science testing is being added. Schools that do not make “adequate yearly progress“ towards meeting state standards face sanctions. Pupils in failing schools can supposedly transfer to a better one or get tutoring.Most also agree that NC
20、LB has big flaws that must be fixed. Few pupils in bad schools actually transfer-less than 1% of those eligible did so in the 2003-04 school year. Teachers unions say the tests are focused too narrowly on math and reading, fail to measure progress over time and encourage “teaching to the test“. They
21、 also complain that the law lacks proper funding. The Thomas B. Fordham Foundation, a conservative policy group, has exposed wide gaps in state standards. Test-data reflect this. In Mississippi 90% of fourth-graders were labeled “proficient“ or better in the state reading test in 2006-07. Only 19% r
22、eached that level in a national test.John McCain, the Republican presidential nominee, offers NCLB tepid support but fails to elaborate. At Democratic rallies, NCLB is little more than a whipping-boy. Hillary Clinton proclaims that she will “end the unfunded mandate known as No Child Left Behind“. B
23、ut though she and Barack Obama deride NCLB publicly, each endorses the idea of accountability. They favor using more sophisticated “assessments“ in place of tests, want to value a broader range of skills, punish schools less and support them more. How these ideas would be implemented remains unclear
24、.Not surprisingly, more controversial proposals can be found among those not running for president. Chester Finn of Fordham thinks the federal government needs greater power to set standards, while states should have more leeway in meeting them. A bipartisan commission on NCLB has issued a slew of p
25、roposals. Particularly contentious is a plan to use pupils test scores to help identify ineffective teachers as in need of retraining.Of course, standards alone do not improve education. Both Mrs. Clinton and Mr. Obama propose a host of new programs for schools, described on their websites if rarely
26、 on campaign. But accountability is likely to remain a big part of school reform. Last April a group of philanthropists announced a $60m effort to make education the top domestic issue of 2008. So far, it looks like money ill spent.（分数：4.00）(1).According to the passage, NCLB mainly aimed toA. provid
27、e tests for pupils on maths and reading from third to eighth grade.B. add some science testing in schools for pupils aged from 8 to 13.C. enhance teaching standards which schools should be responsible for meeting.D. transfer pupils in failing schools to a better one or get them some tutoring.（分数：1.0
28、0）A.B.C.D.(2).The word “sanctions“ in the third paragraph meansA. approval. B. punishment. C. support. D. decree.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Which of the following is NOT a weakness of NCLB?A. The law has been properly funded.B. Only a few pupils in bad schools transfer.C. The tests are focused on nothing
29、but maths and reading.D. The tests actually encourage “teaching to the test“.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).From the descripton in the passage, we learn thatA. controversial proposals can be found only among the presidential nominees.B. using pupils test scores to identify ineffective teachers has been widely
30、 accepted.C. both Democratic presidential nominees support the idea of accountability.D. neither the Republican nor the Democratic presidential nominees favor NCLB.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.七、TEXT B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)When catastrophic floods hit Bangladesh, TNTs emergency-response team was ready. The logistics g
31、iant, with headquarters in Amsterdam, has 50 people on standby to intervene anywhere in the world at 48 hours notice. This is part of a five-year-old partnership with the World Food Program (WFP), the UNs agency that fights hunger. The team has attended to some two dozen emergencies, including the A
32、sian tsunami in 2004. “Were just faster,“ says Ludo Oelrich, the director of TNTs “Moving the World“ program.Emergency help is not TNTs only offering. Volunteers do stints around the world on secondment to WFP and staff are encouraged to raise money for the program (they generated euro2.5m last year
33、). There is knowledge transfer, too: TNT recently improved the school-food supply chain in Liberia, increasing WFPs efficiency by 15-20%, and plans to do the same in Congo.Why does TNT do these things? “People feel this is a company that does more than take care of the bottom line,“ says Mr. Oelrich
34、. “Its providing a soul to TNT.“ In a 2006 staff survey, 68% said the pro-bono activities made them prouder to work at the company. It also helps with recruitment: three out of four graduates who apply for jobs mention the WFP connection. Last year the company came top in the Dow Jones Sustainabilit
35、y Index.TNTs experience illustrates several trends in corporate philanthropy. First, collaboration is in, especially with NGOs. Companies try to pick partners with some relevance to their business. For TNT, the food program is a good fit because hunger is in part a logistical problem. Standard Chart
36、ered, a bank, is working with the Bangladesh Rural Advancement Committee on microfinance and with other NGOs on a campaign to help 10m blind people.Coca-Cola has identified water conservation as critical to its future as the worlds largest drinks company. Last June it announced an ambitious collabor
37、ation with WWF, a global environmental organization, to conserve seven major freshwater fiver basins. It is also working with Greenpeace to eliminate carbon emissions from coolers and vending machines. The co-operation is strictly non-financial, but marks a change in outlook. “Ten years ago you coul
38、dnt get Coca-Cola and Greenpeace in the same room,“ says Neville Isdell, its CEO.Second, what used to be local community work is increasingly becoming global community work. In the mid-1990s nearly all IBMs philanthropic spending was in America; now 60% is outside. Part of this involves a corporate
39、version of the peace corps: young staff get one-month assignments in the developing world to work on worthy projects. The idea is not only to make a difference on the ground, but also to develop managers who understand how the wider world works.Third, once a formal program is in place, it becomes ha
40、rd to stop. Indeed, it tends to grow, not least because employees are keen. In 1996 KPMG allowed its staff in Britain to spend two hours a month of their paid-for time on work for the community. Crucially for an accountancy firm, the work was given a time code. After a while it came to be seen as a
41、business benefit. The program has expanded to half a day a month and now adds up to 40,000 donated hours a year. And increasingly it is not only inputs that are being measured but outputs as well. S, a software firm, tries to measure the impact of its volunteer programs, which involved 85% of its em
42、ployees last year.All this has meant that straightforward cash donations have become less important. At IBM, in 1993 cash accounted for as much as 95% of total philanthropic giving; now it makes up only about 35%. But cash still matters. When Hank Paulson, now Americas treasury secretary, was boss o
43、f Goldman Sachs, he was persuaded to raise the amount that the firm chipped in to boost employees charitable donations. Now it is starting a philanthropy fund aiming for $1 billion to which the partners will be encouraged to contribute a share of their pay. No doubt that is good for the banks soul.（
44、分数：5.00）(1).According to the passage, TNT offers all of the following EXCEPTA. emergency help in the floods in Bangladesh.B. emergency help in the Asian tsunami in 2004.C. volunteer work for World Food Program.D. conservation of seven major freshwater river basins.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).From the third
45、 paragraph, we get the impression that TNTs pro-bono activitiesA. take care of the bottom line.B. help improve corporate image.C. are mentioned by all job applicants.D. are the main concern of the company.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Which of the following is NOT an NGO?A. The Bangladesh Rural Advancement C
46、ommittee. B. WWF.C. Goldman Sachs. D. Greenpeace.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).All the followings describe the trends in corporate philanthropy EXCEPTA. collaborations with NGOs. B. globalized community work.C. growth trend of formal programs. D. increase of both input and output.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).This pa
47、ssage is mainly aboutA. corporate culture. B. corporate philanthropy.C. corporate financing. D. corporate image.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.八、TEXT C(总题数：1，分数：6.00)Vibrations in the ground are a poorly understood but probably widespread means of communication between animals.It seems unlikely that these animals
48、 could have detected seismic “pre-shocks“ that were missed by the sensitive vibration-detecting equipment that clutters the worlds earthquake laboratories. But it is possible. And the fact that many animal species behave strangely before other natural events such as storms, and that they have the ab
49、ility to detect others of their species at distances which the familiar human senses could not manage, is well established. Such observations have led some to suggest that these animals have a kind of extra-sensory perception. What is more likely, though, is that they have an extra sense-a form of perception that people lack. The best guess is that they can f
