1、专业八级-890 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、PART LISTENING COM(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、SECTION A(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Introduction to English SynonymsEnglish has the largest vocabulary and the mostsynonyms of all languages in the world. This richnessowns to the constant incorporation of words from otherlanguages. The g
2、radual incorporation of words from other languagesBefore 1066, Anglo-Saxon wordsAfter 1066, words borrowed from (1) _ (1) _In (2) _, a great influx of words of Latin (2) _and Greek originIn modem times, words directly (3) _ (3) _from other languages (4) _ English, e. g. jeep, railroad, fall, (4) _ga
3、soline, etc. Different kinds of synonymsSynonyms referring to the same thing but ofdifferent (5) _: e. g. foreword, preface, (5) _introductionSynonyms referring to different aspects of(6) _: e. g. plain, prairie (6) _Synonyms of different degree of (7) _: (7) _e. g. teach, tutor, schoolSynonyms impl
4、ying different (8) _ among (8) _the participants : e. g. accompany, escort ,attendSynonyms of different degree of (9) _: e. (9) _g. luncheon vs. lunch, go to bed vs. hit the sackCorrect choice of words is very important to the(10) _ expression of what one wants to say. (10) _（分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_
5、填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_三、SECTION B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview, you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following 5 questions.New listen to the interview.（分数：5.00）(1).Who is Steven Slater?（分数：1.00）A
6、.A cyclist,B.A coach on cycling.C.An expert on tourism.D.A tourist.(2).Which of the following is essential for all cycling tours?（分数：1.00）A.a helmet.B.Lamps.C.Sun cream.D.Insect repellent.(3).Why should cyclists wear something that can easily be seen?（分数：1.00）A.To attract the motorists.B.To stand ou
7、t.C.To ensure safety.D.To enjoy the scenery better.(4).According to Steven, cyclists should prepare all the following EXCEPT _ while cycling in hot weather.（分数：1.00）A.waterB.sun creamC.insect repellentD.cycling capes(5).HOW should cyclists prepare for the worst?（分数：1.00）A.They should always carry en
8、ough money in case of difficulty.B.They should carry a spare set of batteries for bicycle lamps.C.They should never ride on their own.D.They should keep a puncture repair kit and a basic tool kit at hand.四、SECTION C(总题数：3，分数：5.00)Questions 6 to 8 are based on the following news. At the end of the ne
9、ws item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the three questions.Now listen to the news.（分数：3.00）(1).The IRA are fighting for（分数：1.00）A.a national security.B.a united Ireland.C.equal rights.D.political freedom.(2).What is the message delivered by the IRA in a statement at the end of July?
10、（分数：1.00）A.To put a stop to violence.B.To take up arms.C.To be cautious.D.To give up their campaign.(3).The Democratic Unionists are _ the IRA decision.（分数：1.00）A.happy aboutB.unsatisfied withC.satisfied withD.skeptical of1. Question 9 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you
11、 will be given 10 seconds to answer the question.Now listen to the news.Which of the following statements is NOT true about Ms. Tenberken, the founder of the school?（分数：1.00）A.She has a Masters degree.B.She is blind.C.She is a Dutch.D.She teaches Braille.2. Question 10 is based on the following news
12、. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question.Now listen to the news.According to the news, the ordinary Ukrainians _ to express their disappointment with politicians.（分数：1.00）A.now have the freedomB.are now afraidC.have always had the freedomD.have no freedom五、P
13、ART READING COMPR(总题数：0，分数：0.00)六、TEXT A(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Once found almost entirely in the western United States and in Asia, dinosaur fossils are now being discovered on all seven continents. A host of new revelations emerged in 1998 that promise to reshape scientists views of dinosaurs, including wh
14、at they looked like and when and where they lived.It is doubtful that Tyrannosaurus Rex had lips or that Triceratops had cheeks, says Lawrence Witmer, an assistant professor of anatomy at Ohio University in Athens, Ohio. He reached its conclusions by using high-tech computerized axial tomography (CT
15、 or CAT) scans along with comparative anatomy studies. For example, the theory that Triceratops and similar dinosaur species had cheeks was based on past comparisons with mammals such as sheep. But Witmers careful analysis found the structure of the triceratops jaw and skull made it more likely that
16、 Triceratops had a beak like that of an eagle. Witmer said that scientists should use birds and crocodiles as models when researching the appearance of dinosaurs.In early October scientists announced that they had confirmed the discovery of a new type of ceratopsian dinosaur. The dinosaurs bones, fo
17、und in New Mexico in 1996, are forcing paleontologists to rethink their theories about when ceratopsians migrated to what is now North America.Scientists previously thought that ceratopsians, the group that included the well-known Triceratops. arrived in North America from Asia between 70 million an
18、d 80 million years ago. During this time, the late Cretaceous Period. the earths two supercontinentsLaurasia in the north and Gondwanaland in the southwere in the process of pulling apart, cutting dinosaur populations off from each other and interrupting migratory patterns.The fossilized bones, foun
19、d by paleontologist Doug Wolfe of the Mesa Southwest Museum in Arizona, date to about 90 million yeses ago. This could mean that ceratopsians originated in North America and migrated to Asia rather than the reverse, paleontologists said.An expedition from the Universities of Alaska in Anchorage and
20、Fairbanks has discovered a region in remote northern Alaska so rich in fossilized dinosaur tracks that team members dubbed it the “dino expressway“. The trampled area was found during the summer of 1998 on Alaskas North Slope near the Brooks Range.The team found 13 new track sites and made casts fro
21、m the prints of five different types of dinosaurs. The rock in which the prints were found dates to more than 100 million years ago, or about 25 million years older than the previously discovered signs of dinosaurs in the Arctic region. Paleontologists said that the new findings provide important ev
22、idence that dinosaurs migrated between Asia and North America during the early and mid-Cretaceous Period. before Asia split off into its own continent.Two rich fossil sites in the hills of Bolivia have been recently discovered, exciting paleontologists and dinosaur buffs. This discovery includes one
23、 of the most spectacular dinosaur trackways ever found.The discovery of a large site in the mountain region of Kila Kila in southern Bolivia was announced in early October. Here scientists found the tracks of at least two unknown species of dinosaur. These included a large quadruped (four. footed) d
24、inosaur that was probably about 20 m (about 70 ft) long.The other site, located not far from the Bolivian city of Sucre, was uncovered in a cement quarry by workers several years ago but was not brought to paleontologists attention until the middle of 1998. The site features a vertical wall covered
25、with thousands of dinosaur prints representing more than 100 different species. The tracks date back to between 65 million and 70 million years ago. Since dinosaurs are believed to have died out around 65 million years ago, the prints were likely made by some of the last dinosaurs on earth. Paleonto
26、logists hope to study the site and learn about the diet and physical characteristics of the dinosaurs that are represented there.（分数：5.00）(1).Witmers research leads people to believe _.（分数：1.00）A.Tyrannosaurus Rex had lips and Triceratops had cheeksB.dinosaurs might have looked tike mammals such as
27、sheepC.dinosaurs might not have looked like what we thoughtD.dinosaurs must have looked like birds or crocodiles(2).The discovery of a new type of ceratopsian dinosaur suggests ceratopsians _.（分数：1.00）A.migrated to North America around 7080 million years agoB.arrived in Asia from North America about
28、 90 million years agoC.originated in Asia and later migrated to North AmericaD.could have moved to Asia from North America long ago(3).Newly-found fossilized tracks in Alaska proved that dinosaurs migration between Asia and North America took place _.（分数：1.00）A.much earlier than experts previously t
29、houghtB.much later than experts previously thoughtC.after Asia became an independent continentD.sometime around 25 million years ago(4).The discovery of dinosaur fossil sites in Bolivia is exciting because of the following reasons EXCEPT that _.（分数：1.00）A.they are found in a continent other than Asi
30、a and North ContinentB.the largest dinosaurs in the world are found in this discoveryC.there are some unknown species of dinosaurs found this timeD.the dinosaurs were believed to be some of the last ones on earth(5).The passage focuses on _.（分数：1.00）A.dinosaurs geographical locationB.shifting views
31、of dinosaursC.migration patterns of dinosaursD.geologic activity of Earth七、TEXT B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Aimlessness has hardly been typical of the postwar Japan whose productivity and social harmony are the envy of the United States and Europe. But increasingly the Japanese are seeing a decline of the tradi
32、tional work-moral values. Ten years ago young people were hardworking and saw their jobs as their primary reason for being, but now Japan has largely fulfilled its economic needs, and young people dont know where they should go next.The coming of age of the postwar baby boom and an entry of women in
33、to the male-dominated job market have limited the opportunities of teenagers who are already questioning the heavy personal sacrifices involved in climbing Japan s rigid social ladder to good schools and jobs. In a recent survey, it was found that only 24.5 percent of Japanese students were fully sa
34、tisfied with school life, compared with 67.2 percent of students in the United States. In addition, far more Japanese workers expressed dissatisfaction with their jobs than did their counterparts in the 10 other countries surveyed.While often praised by foreigners for its emphasis on the basics, Jap
35、anese education tends to stress test taking and mechanical learning over creativity and self-expression. “Those things that do not show up in the test scorespersonality, ability, courage or humanityare completely ignored,“ says Toshiki Kaifu, chairman of the ruling Liberal Democratic Partys educatio
36、n committee. “Frustration against this kind of thing leads kids to drop out and run wild.“ Last year Japan experienced 2,125 incidents of school violence, including 929 assaults on teachers. Amid the outcry, many conservative leaders are seeking a return to the prewar emphasis on moral education. La
37、st year Mitsuo Setoyama, who was then education minister, raised eyebrows when he argued that liberal reforms introduced by the American occupation authorities after World War? had weakened the “Japanese morality of respect for parents.“But that may have more to do with Japanese life-styles. “In Jap
38、an,“ says educator Yoko Mum, “its never a question of whether you enjoy your job and your life, but only how much you can endure.“ With economic growth has come centralization; fully 76 percent of Japans 119 million citizens live in cities where community and the extended family have been abandoned
39、in favor of isolated, two-generation households. Urban Japanese have long endured lengthy commutes (travels to end from work) end crowded living conditions, but as the old group and family values weaken, the discomfort is beginning to tell. In the past decade, the Japanese divorce rate, while still
40、well below that of the United States, has increased by more then 50 percent, and suicides have increased by nearly one-quarter.（分数：5.00）(1).In the Westerners eyes, the postwar Japan was _.（分数：1.00）A.under aimless developmentB.a positive exampleC.a rival to the WestD.on the decline(2).According to th
41、e author, what made the Japanese young people feel doubt about their personal sacrifices?（分数：1.00）A.The foreigners praise.B.The rapid development of Japanese economy.C.The coming of age of the postwar baby boom.D.The social progress.(3).According to the author, what may chiefly be responsible for th
42、e moral decline of Japanese society?（分数：1.00）A.Womens participation in social activities is limited.B.More workers are dissatisfied with their jobs.C.Excessive emphasis his been placed on the basics.D.The life-style has been influenced by Western values.(4).Which of the following is true according t
43、o the author?（分数：1.00）A.Japanese education is praised for helping the young climb the social ladder.B.Japanese education is characterized by mechanical learning as well as creativity.C.More stress should be placed on the cultivation of creativity.D.Dropping out leads to frustration against test taki
44、n(5).The change hi Japanese life-style is revealed in the fact that _.（分数：1.00）A.the young are less tolerant of discomforts in lifeB.the divorce rate in Japan exceeds that in the U.S.C.the Japanese endure more than ever beforeD.the Japanese appreciate their present life八、TEXT C(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Between
45、 the eighth and eleventh centuries A.D., the Byzantine Empire staged an almost unparalleled economic and cultural revival, a recovery that is all the more striking because it followed a long period of severe internal decline. By the early eighth century, the empire had lost roughly two-thirds of the
46、 territory it had possessed in the year 600, and its remaining area was being raided by Arabs and Bulgarians, who at times threatened to take Constantinople and extinguished the empire altogether. The wealth of the state and its subjects was greatly diminished, and artistic end literary production h
47、ad virtually ceased. By the early eleventh century, however, the empire had regained almost half of its lost possessions, its new frontiers were secure, and its influence extended far beyond its borders. The economy had recovered, the treasury was full, and art and scholarship had advanced.To consid
48、er the Byzantine military, cultural, and economic advances as differentiated aspects of a single phenomenon is reasonable. After all, these three forms of progress have gone together in a number of states and civilizations. Rome under Augustus and fifth century Athens provide the most obviously examples in antiquity. Moreover, an examination of the apparent sequential connections among military, economic, and cultural forms of programs might help explain the dynamics of historical change.The common explanation of these apparent conne
