1、专业八级-852 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、PART LISTENING COM(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、SECTION A(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Job stress has become a common and costly problem in the American workplace, leaving few workers untouched. General introduction to job stress1) definition: harmful physical and (1) _ responses that occ
2、ur when the requirements of the job do not match the capabilities, resources or needs of the worker.2) difference between challenge and job stress-Challenge (2) _ us psychologically and physically and when a challenge is met, we feel relaxed and satisfied.- In the case of job stress, the stage is se
3、t for illness, injury and job failure.3) prevention strategies for job stress: individual and (3) _ factors- (4) _ between work and family or personal life- a support network of friends and coworkers- a relaxed and positive outlook. Influences of job stress1) early signs- mood and sleep disturbances
4、- upset stomach and headache- (5) _ with family and friends2) (6) _ diseases- cardiovascular disease- musculoskeletal disorders- psychological disorders3) inadequate job performance like absenteeism which has (7) _ on the bottom line. Measures to reduce job stress1) stress management training, such
5、as employee assistance programs to provide (8) _._ for employees with work and personal problems- inexpensive- easy to implement- reducing rapidly stress symptoms like anxiety and sleep disturbances-beneficial effects on stress symptoms are (9) _, because of focus on worker rather than environment2)
6、 organizational change, that is, to bring in a consultant to improve (10) _- identification of stressful aspects of work- design of strategies to reduce or eliminate the identified stressors3) the most useful approach: a combination of organizational change and stress management（分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项
7、1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_三、SECTION B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions.Now listen to the news.（分数：5.00）(1).Which of the following statemen
8、ts is NOT mentioned by Christine Carpenter as what a good resume should be?（分数：1.00）A.It should be elaborate.B.It should be customized to the company or position one is applying for.C.It should be easy to read.D.It should be on good bond paper.(2).Which of the following is TRUE about the section of
9、qualifications summary?（分数：1.00）A.This section is a must in a resume.B.This section aims to summarize the applicants character traits.C.This section should be limited to 1 or 2 lines.D.This section helps grab employers attention.(3).The resume of someone with working experience is different from tha
10、t of a college graduate in _.（分数：1.00）A.the lengthB.the highlightC.the languageD.the format(4).The cover letter should be addressed _.（分数：1.00）A.to whom it may concernB.to the head of the personnel departmentC.to a specific personD.to the company(5).Which of the following is NOT mentioned as somethi
11、ng to be avoided in a good cover letter?（分数：1.00）A.Greetings.B.Being too long.C.Reiterating whats in the resume.D.Brilliant languag四、SECTION C(总题数：3，分数：5.00)Questions 6 to 7 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer each question.Now listen
12、to the news.（分数：2.00）(1).Which of the following statements about Kofi Annan is TRUE?（分数：1.00）A.He wanted the U. S. to stay aloof in the international community.B.He was nearing the end of his tenure.C.He has been the U. N. leader for five years.D.He has reached agreement with the Bush administration
13、 over the Iraq war.(2).According to Annan, to solve the Iraq problem, its necessary to _.（分数：1.00）A.isolate Iran from the international communityB.impose restrictions on Iraqi economyC.talk to Iran and SyriaD.make Iran and Syria compromiseQuestions 8 to 9 are based on the following news. At the end
14、of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer each question.Now listen to the news.（分数：2.00）(1).NASA will make all of the following accessible online EXCEPT _.（分数：1.00）A.real-time weather forecastingB.real-time tracking of the space shuttleC.3D maps of the MarsD.3D maps of the Earth(2).Ho
15、w much did Google spend on YouTube?（分数：1.00）A.$1,800,000,000.B.$18,000,000.C.$ 80,000,000,000.D.$ 80,000,000.1. Question 10 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer each question.Now listen to the news.According to the news, Beckham is going
16、 to _.（分数：1.00）A.become the most glamorous footballer in the worldB.become the highest paid footballer in the worldC.have a brighter career futureD.have a bigger challenge in his career五、PART READING COMPR(总题数：0，分数：0.00)六、TEXT A(总题数：1，分数：5.00)High in a smooth ocean of sky floated a dazzling, majesti
17、c sun. Fragments of powdery cloud, like spray flung from a wave crest, sprinkled the radiant, lake-blue heaven.Relaxed on a bundle of hay in a comer of a meadow bathed in sunlight, Paul lay dreaming. A gentle breeze was stirring the surrounding hedges; bees moved, humming thoughtfully, from scarlet
18、poppy to purple thistle; a distant lark, invisible in blue light, was flooding the vast realm of the sky with glorious song, as the sun was flooding the earth with brilliance. Beyond the hedge a brook tinkled over softlyglowing pebbles. Butterflies hovered above nodding clover. An ant was busily exp
19、loring the uncharted territory of Pauls suntanned wrist. A grasshopper skidded briskly over his ankle. And the blazing sun was steadily scorching his fair freckled face to bright lobster red. Neither sun, nor grasshopper, nor ant, however, was able to arouse him.Not even when a fly started crawling
20、over his face did he open his eyes. For Paul was a thousand miles away, in a world of eternal snow and ice. Across the towering mountain range, a bitter gale was screaming furiously as with one hand he gripped a projecting knob of rock while with his axe he hacked out the next narrow foothold in the
21、 rock. As their infallible guide, he was leading his gallant party of climbers up a treacherous, vertical wall of rock towards the lofty peak above, hitherto unconquered by man. A single slip, however trivial, would probably result in death for all of them. To his right he could glimpse the furrowed
22、 glacier sweeping towards the valley, but he was far too absorbed in his task to appreciate fully the scene around or even to be aware of a view of almost unearthly beauty. A sudden gust of wind nearly tore him from the ledge where he was perched. Gradually he raised his foot, tested the new foothol
23、d on the sheer rock wall, transferred his weight, and signaled to the climbers below.Not until a tractor started working in the next field did he become conscious of his far from icy surroundings. He sat up, wiped his forehead with his handkerchief, glanced at his watch and sighed in resignation. He
24、 had a headache through sleeping in the hot sun, a pain in his shoulder from carrying his rucksack; his legs felt stiff and his feet ached. With no enthusiasm whatever he pulled the bulging rucksack over his shoulders and drew a large-scale map from his pocket. At the far end of the meadow two slate
25、s in the wall, which at this point replaced the hedge, indicated a stile, and beyond he could faintly see a thin thread of path which dwindled and finally disappeared as it climbed the steep slope of the down, quivering in the glare of the sun. The whole of Nature seemed to be luxuriating in warmth,
26、 sunshine and peace. Wherever he looked, leaves on twigs, grass blades, flower petals, all were sparkling in sunlight.Fifteen miles off, over the ridge, across a broad valley and then over a higher, even steeper range of hills lay the youth hostel: supper, company, a cool dip in the river. With a mo
27、mentary intense longing for ice-axe, blizzard, glacier and heroic exploit (none of which was at all familiar to him), Paul strode off unwillingly to less dramatic but equally heroic achievement in the tropical heat of an English sun.（分数：5.00）(1).All of the following failed to wake Paul up EXCEPT the
28、 _.（分数：1.00）A.sunB.grasshopperC.flyD.tractor(2).What did the ant on Pauls wrist feel about it?（分数：1.00）A.It was a new area for discovery.B.It was very large.C.It was very dangerous.D.It was unattractiv(3).All of the following are similarities between Pauls dream and journey ahead of him EXCEPT that
29、_.（分数：1.00）A.both demanded skill and courageB.weather conditions in both were extremeC.both could offer worthwhile viewsD.both involved hardship(4).What can be inferred about the mountain-climbing in Pauls dream?（分数：1.00）A.It was not a great challenge.B.Though difficult, it was not so dangerous.C.ff
30、 successful, they would be the first to reach the summit.D.Paul was shocked by the beauty of the mountain.(5).The passage is mainly _.（分数：1.00）A.narrativeB.descriptiveC.persuasiveD.expositive七、TEXT B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Stratford-on-Avon, as we all know, has only one industry - William Shakespeare - but t
31、here are two distinctly separate and increasingly hostile branches. There is the Royal Shakespeare Company (RSC), which presents superb productions of the plays at the Shakespeare Memorial Theatre on the Avon. And there are the townsfolk who largely live off the tourists who come, not to see the pla
32、ys, but to look at Anne Hathaways Cottage, Shakespeares birthplace and the other sights.The worthy residents of Stratford doubt that the theatre adds a penny to their revenue. They frankly dislike the RSCs actors, those with their long hair and beards and sandals and noisiness. Its all deliciously i
33、ronic when you consider that Shakespeare, who eams their living, was himself an actor (with a beard) and did his share of noise-making.The tourist streams are not entirely separate. The sightseers who come by bus and often take in Warwick Castle and Blenheim Palace on the side dont usually see the p
34、lays, and some of them are even surprised to find a theatre in Stratford. However, the playgoers do manage a little sight-seeing along with their play going. It is the playgoers, the RSC contends, who bring in much of the towns revenue because they spend the night (some of them four or five nights)
35、pouring cash into the hotels and restaurants. The sightseers can take in everything and get out of town by nightfall.The townsfolk dont see it this Way and local council does not contribute directly to the subsidy of the Royal Shakespeare Company. Stratford cries poor traditionally. Nevertheless eve
36、ry hotel in town seems to be adding a new wing or cocktail lounge. Hilton is building its own hotel there, which you may be sure will be decorated with Hamlet Hamburger Bars, the Lear Lounge, the Banquo Banqueting Room, and So forth, and will be very expensive.Anyway, the townsfolk cant understand w
37、hy the Royal Shakespeare Company needs a subsidy. (The theatre has broken attendance records for three years in a row. Last year its 1,431 seats were 94 percent occupied ail year long and this year theyll do better.) The reason, of course, is that costs have rocketed and ticket prices have stayed lo
38、w.It would be a shame to raise prices too much because it would drive away the young people who are Stratfords most attractive clientele. They come entirely for the plays, not the sights. They all seem to look alike (though they come from all over) - lean, pointed, dedicated faces, wearing jeans and
39、 sandals, eating their buns and bedding down for the night on the flagstones outside the theatre to buy the 20 seats and 80 standing-room tickets held for the sleepers and sold to them when the box office opens at 10:30 a.m.（分数：5.00）(1).From the first two paragraphs, we learn that _.（分数：1.00）A.the t
40、ownsfolk despise the RSCs actorsB.the two branches of the RSC do not get along wellC.the RSC produces limited quantity of playsD.the townsfolk deny the RSCs contribution to the towns revenue(2).What can be inferred about the sightseers and playgoers?（分数：1.00）A.The sightseers never go to see the play
41、s.B.Sightseers and playgoers often come from different places.C.Playgoers often visit the Warwick Castle.D.Playgoers spend more money than sightseers.(3).What does the author imply by saying “Stratford cries poor traditionally“ (paragraph 4)?（分数：1.00）A.The town is not really short of money.B.Stratfo
42、rd cannot afford the subsidy to the RSC.C. Stratford has long been in tight budget.D.The local council is in financial difficulties.(4).According to the townsfolk, the RSC deserves no subsidy due to _.（分数：1.00）A.its high priceB.its ill-managed financeC.the unacceptable behavior of its actorsD.its at
43、tendance on the rise(5).It can be inferred from the passage that young people who come to Stratford _.（分数：1.00）A.contribute a lot to the local revenueB.are all weirdC.have similar backgroundsD.are there for the same reason八、TEXT C(总题数：1，分数：5.00)When the end of the world comes, well know what to blam
44、e. Scientists have found compelling evidence that the Sun has a baby brother, a dark star whose eccentric orbit is responsible for periodically showering the Earth with comets and meteorites.The dark star - named Nemesis by astronomers - is thought to be a brown dwarf that spins round the Sun in an
45、orbit so large it is measured in light years, the distance light travels in a year, equivalent to about 6,000 billion miles.The research suggests that, every 26m years, the stars eccentric orbit brings it within one light year of the solar system. There it causes havoc in the Oort Cloud, a huge regi
46、on surrounding the solar system that contains billions of bits of cosmic rabble left over from the formation of planets.Of the millions of rocks it throws out of orbit at each visit, some hurtle Earthwards, and have several times nearly wiped out life on Earth.Astronomers have long wondered if the S
47、un has a smaller partner. Recently, two independent groups of researchers have found evidence of one.One group, led by John Matese, professor of physics at the University of Louisiana at Lafayette, confirms the notion that it is most likely to be a brown dwarf, a star that never accumulated enough m
48、ass to ignite and which has simply sat in space smoldering for billions of years.Matese studied 82 comets from the Oort Cloud and found common elements in the shape of their orbits that could only be explained if they had been influenced by the gravitational pull of an object several times the size of Jupiter and existing about 25,000 times farther from the Sun than the Earth.Matese said: “A companion to the Sun orbiting at these distances would have little effect on the planets. But it would play a big role in the way comets made their way from their birth p
