1、专业八级-844 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、PART LISTENING COM(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、SECTION A(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Online ShoppingIncreasingly popular with adults and young people, online shopping gives you(1)_to various products and services. It can save your time, money and help (1)_you research product details an
2、d(2)_prices and features directly online. But (2)_shoppers often encounter some common problems of shopping online:1. Careful search: it is hard to choose a supplier from so many websites and(3)_, you have to search carefully using brand names or the names of types of (3)_products. Listen to others
3、advice and recommendations about good sites. Remember tocheck proper(4)_such as postal address and phone number in order to get in (4)_touch if you have questions about the service.2.(5)_issue; vital to consumers. If you take some simple (5)_(6)_you can enjoy shopping online with a high degree of se
4、curity. For instance, (6)_do not send your credit card details in an(7)_, which can be copied easily to (7)_others.3. Due consideration: be cautions if the online advertisement or junk email offersounds(8)_. Remember the hidden extra, which can push up the price of your (8) _online purchase. Postage
5、 and packing costs, and Customs charges for goods from overseascan add greatly to the(9)_. (9)_If you do have problems with an online purchase, contact your local Trading Standardsoffice or involve the(10)_too when a fraud has taken place. (10)_（分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项
6、 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_三、SECTION B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will he given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions.Now listen to the interview.（分数：5.00）(1).In his research, what did Charles Andrews find about trainin
7、g in small firms?（分数：1.00）A.They spend too little on training.B.They set aside a specific training budget.C.They receive state subsidies for training.D.They are unaware of their training expenses.(2).When calculating the cost of in-house training, many small firms do NOT include _.（分数：1.00）A.course
8、feesB.managers timeC.accountants costsD.travel expenses(3).What do the majority of small firms spend on training?（分数：1.00）A.Less than 1% of their payroll.B.1-5 % of their annual payroll.C.5-10% of their annual payroll.D.More than 1096 of their payroll.(4).Charles Andrews thinks that the best trainin
9、g involves _.（分数：1.00）A.observing an expert do the jobB.going on special training coursesC.doing the job under supervisionD.receiving package courses(5).Above all else, small businesses want training that _.（分数：1.00）A.will answer their short-term needsB.does not require immediate investmentC.will he
10、lp their planning proceduresD.focuses on both lung-term and short-term business needs四、SECTION C(总题数：2，分数：5.00)Questions 6 and 7 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.Now listen to the news.（分数：2.00）(1).How many voters said
11、 they would vote for President Hugo Chavez for a third term?（分数：1.00）A.13%B.27%C.59%D.69%(2).Which of the following is FALSE?（分数：1.00）A.A majority of Venezuelans believe Chavez handled government and foreign relations well.B.Chavez is regarded as the fiery opponent of President Bush.C.Chaves is perh
12、aps Latin Americas meat controversial leader.D.Chavez, the rightest president gained notoriety as an outspoken critic of the U.S. government.Questions 8 to 10 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 30 seconds to answer the questions.Now listen to the news.（分数
13、：3.00）(1).Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the news?（分数：1.00）A.A Muslim extremist group bas claimed responsibility for the bombing on Monday.B.A Christian extremist group has claimed responsibility for the bombing on Monday.C.No one were injured when a bomb exploded on Monday.D
14、.The bombing on Monday did not kill anyon(2).When does General Wiranto plan to meet with Roman Catholic Bishop Carlos Belo?（分数：1.00）A.Monday.B.Wednesday.C.Saturday.D.Sunday.(3).It can be inferred from the news that（分数：1.00）A.religious groups must be trouble-makersB.religious conflicts often cause so
15、cial unrestC.religious conflicts often end easilyD.religions centers are never targeted by other religious groups五、PART READING COMPR(总题数：0，分数：0.00)六、TEXT A(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Up goes gold, down goes the dollar. Most economists hate gold. Not, you understand, that they would turn up their noses at a bar
16、or two. But they find the reverence in which many hold the metal almost irrational, That it was used as money for millennia is irrelevant: it isnt any more. Modern money takes the form of paper or, more often, electronic data. To economists, gold is now just another commodity.So why is its price soa
17、ring? Over the pest week, this has topped $ 450 a troy ounce, up by 9% since the beginning of the year and 77% since April 2001. Ah, comes the reply, gold transactions are denominated in dollars, and the rise in the price simply reflects the dollars fall in terms of other currencies, especially the
18、euro, against which it hit a new low this week. Expressed in euros, the gold price has moved much less. How- ever, there is no iron link, us it were, between the value of the dollar and the value of gold. A rising price of gold, like that of anything else, can reflect an increase in demand as well a
19、s a depreciation of its unit of account.This is where gold bulls come in. The fall in the dollar is important, but mainly because as a store of value the dollar stinks. With a few longish rallies, the greenback has been on a downward trend since it came off the gold standard in 1971. Now it is suffe
20、ring one of its sharper declines. At the margin, extra demand has come from those who think dollars-indeed any money backed by nothing more than promises to keep inflation low-a decidedly risky investment, mainly because America, with the worlds reserve currency, has been able to create and borrow s
21、o many of them. The least painful way of repaying those dollars is to make them worth less.The striking exception to this extra demand comes from central banks, which would like to sell some of the gold they already have. As a legacy of the days when their currencies were backed by the metal, centra
22、l banks still hold one-fifth of the worlds gold. Last month the Bank of France said it would sell 500 tonnes in coming years. But big sales by central banks can cause the price to plunge-as when the Bank of England sold 395 tonnes between 1999 and 2002. The result was an agreement between central ba
23、nks to co-ordinate and limit future sales.If the price of gold marches higher, this agreement will presumably be ripped up, although a dollar crisis might make central banks think twice about switching into paper money. Will the overhang of central-bank gold drag the price down again? Not necessaril
24、y. As James Grant, gold bug and publisher of Grants Interest Rate Observer, a newsletter, points out, in recent years the huge glut of government debt has not stopped a sharp rise in its price.（分数：5.00）(1).In economists eyes, gold is something _.（分数：1.00）A.they look down uponB.that can be exchanged
25、in the marketC.worth peoples reverenceD.that should be replaced by other forms of money(2).According to the author, one of the reasons for the rising of gold price is _.（分数：1.00）A.the increasing demand for goldB.the depreciation of the euroC.the link between the dollar and goldD.the Increment of the
26、 value of the dollar(3).We can infer from the third paragraph that _.（分数：1.00）A.the decline of the dollar is inevitableB.America benefits from the depreciation of the dollarC.the depreciation of the dollar is good news to other currenciesD.investment in the dollar yields more returns than that in go
27、ld(4).The phrase “ripped up“ (Line 1, Paragraph 5) most probably means _.（分数：1.00）A.strengthenedB.broadenedC.renegotiatedD.torn up(5).According to the passage, the rise of gold price _.（分数：1.00）A.will not last longB.will attract some central banks to sell goldC.will impel central banks to switch int
28、o paper moneyD.will lead to a dollar crisis七、TEXT B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Behind the brewing war over protecting patients records in an age of HMOs and online medicine.Technology is a two-edged sword. Rarely is this as clear as it is in the realm of health care. Technology allows doctors to test their patie
29、nts for generic defects-and then to turn around and spread the results throughout the world via the Internet. For someone in need of treatment, thats good news. But for someone in search of a job or an insurance policy, the ridings can be all bad.Last week President Bill Clinton proposed a corollary
30、 to the patients bill of rights now before Congress: a right to medical privacy. Beginning In 2002, under rules set to become law in February, patients would be able to stipulate the conditions under which their personal medical data could be divulged. They would be able to examine their records and
31、 make corrections. They could learn who else had seen the information. Improper use of records by a caregiver or insurer could result in both civil and criminal penalties. The plan was, said Clinton, “an unprecedented step toward putting Americans back in control of their own medical records.“While
32、the administration billed the rules as an attempt to strike a balance between the needs of consumers and those of the health-care industry, neither doctors nor insurance companies were happy. The doctors said the rides could actually erode privacy, pointing to a prevision allowing managed-care plans
33、 to use personal in- formation without consent if the purpose was “health-care operations.“ That, physicians said, was a loophole through which HMOs and other insurers could pry into the doctor-patient relationship, in the name of assessing the quality of care. Meanwhile, the insurers protested that
34、 the rules would make them vulnerable to lawsuits. They were especially disturbed by a provision holding them liable for privacy breaches by “business partners“ such as lawyers and accountants. Both groups agreed that privacy protections would drive up the cost of health care by at least an addition
35、al $ 3.8 billion, and maybe much more, over the next five years. They also complained about the increased level of federal scrutiny required by the new rules enforcement provisions.One aim of the rules is to reassure patients about confidentiality, thereby encouraging them to be open with their doct
36、ors. Today various cancers and sexually transmitted diseases can go untreated because patients are afraid of embarrassment or of losing insurance coverage. The fear is real: Clinton aides noted that a January poll by Princeton Survey Research Associates found that one in six U.S. adults had at some
37、time done something unusual to conceal medical information, such as paying cash for services.（分数：5.00）(1).The author begins his article with “technology is a two-edged sword“ to _.（分数：1.00）A.show that doctors improper use of technology can end up in bad resultsB.call on people s attention to the pot
38、ential danger technology can bring to usC.warn of the harm patients are prone to sufferD.show the advantages and disadvantages of technology(2).According to the proposal made by President Clinton, patients will be able to do the following EXCEPT _.（分数：1.00）A.enjoy more rights to their medical record
39、sB.be open with their doctorsC.decide how to use their medical informationD.sue their insurers for improper use of their medical records(3).Doctors tend to think that the rules _.（分数：1.00）A.may ruin doctor-patient relationshipB.can do more harm than goodC.will prevent doctors from doing medical rese
40、archD.will cod up in more health care cost and poorer medical service(4).The example of the January poll by Princeton Survey Research Associates is used to show that（分数：1.00）A.American patients concealment of their medical information has become a big concernB.a large portion of patients would rathe
41、r leave their diseases untreatedC.concealing medical information is widespread in the U.S.D.paying cash for medical service is a common practice among American patients(5).From the article we can learn that（分数：1.00）A.American government will tighten its control over the use of patients personal info
42、rmationB.doctors and insurers are both against the rules for the same reasonsC.patients are entitled to have complete control of their medical informationD.the new rules put insurers in a very disadvantageous position八、TEXT C(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Minority youths are more likely to face trial as adults.A wh
43、ite kid sells a bag of cocaine at his suburban high school. A Latino kid does the same hi his inner-city neighborhood. Both get caught. Both are first-time offenders. The white kid walks into juvenile court with his parents, his priest, a good lawyer and medical coverage. The Latino kid walks into c
44、ourt with his mom, no legal resources and no insurance. The judge lets the white kid go with his family; hes placed in a private treatment program. The minority kid has no such option. Hes detained. There, hi n nutshell, is what happens more and more often in the juvenile-court system. Minority yout
45、hs arrested on violent felony charges in California are more than twice as likely as their white counterparts to be transferred out of the juvenile-justice system and tried as adults, according to a study released last week by the Justice Policy Institute, a research center hi San Francisco. Once th
46、ey are in adult courts, young black offenders are 18 times more likely to be jailed-and Hispanics seven times more likely-than are young white offenders. “Discrimination against kids of color accumulates at every stage of the justice system and skyrockets when juveniles are, tried as adults,“ says D
47、an Macallair, a co-author of the new study. “California has a double standard: throw kids of color behind bars, but rehabilitate white kids who commit comparable crimes.“Even as juvenile crime has declined from its peak in the early 199Qs, headline grabbing violence by minors has intensified a get-t
48、ough attitude. Over the past six years, 43 states have passed laws that make it easier to try juveniles as adults, in Texas and Connecticut in 1995, the latest year for which figures are available, all the juveniles in jails were minorities. Vincent Schiraldi, the Justice Policy Institutes director, concedes that “some kids need to be tried as adults. But most can be rehabilitated.“Instead, adult prisons tend to brutailze juveniles. They are eight times more likely to commit suicide and five times more likely to be sexually abused than
