1、专业八级-813 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、PART LISTENING COM(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、SECTION A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、The Rise of RP(总题数：1，分数：10.00)填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_四、SECTION B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、Questions 1 to 5 are(总题数：1，分数：5.00)A.clothes.B.age.C.physique.D.appearanc
2、e.A.manners.B.talkativeness.C.height.D.jewelry.A.receptionist.B.manager.C.customer.D.cashier.A.Both were wearing dark sweaters.B.Neither was wearing glasses.C.Both were about the same age.D.One of them was marked by a scar.A.calm and quiet.B.nervous and numb.C.timid and confused.D.shocked and angry.
3、六、SECTION C(总题数：0，分数：0.00)七、Questions 6 and 7 ar(总题数：1，分数：2.00)A.national economy.B.adult population.C.young children.D.national currency.A.double last years food-aid.B.raise $122 million for Iraqi people.C.provide each Iraqi family with $26 a month.D.help Iraqs 12 million population.八、Question 8 is
4、 based (总题数：1，分数：1.00)A.upgraded in reliability and safety.B.reduced in size and number.C.dismantled partly later this year.D.maintained in their present conditions.九、Questions 9 and 10 a(总题数：1，分数：2.00)A.28%B.22%C.25%D.21%A.Parents are asked to join in the anti-drug efforts.B.The use of both cocaine
5、 and LSD is on the increase.C.Teenagers hold a different view of drugs today.D.Marijuana is as powerful as it used to be.十、PART READING COMPR(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十一、TEXT A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十二、Pundits who want to (总题数：5，分数：5.00)2.According to the passage, which of the following is NOT the writers opinion?（分数：
6、1.00）A.Countries paid a heavy price for whichever measure taken.B.Countries all found themselves in an economic dilemma.C.Withdrawal of foreign capital resulted in the crisis.D.Most governments chose one of the two options.3.It can be inferred from the passage that IMF policy recommendations（分数：1.00
7、）A.were far from a panacea in all cases.B.were feasible in their recipient countries.C.failed to work in their recipient countries.D.were rejected unanimously by Asian countries.4.“Pundits“ in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to（分数：1.00）A.economists.B.bankers.C.industrialists.D.financiers.5
8、.At the end of the passage, the writer seems to think that a full recovery of the Asian economy is（分数：1.00）A.due.B.remote.C.imaginative.D.unpredictable.6.The writer thinks that those Asian countries（分数：1.00）A.well deserved the punishment.B.invested in a senseless way at the time.C.were unduly punish
9、ed in the crisis.D.had bad relationships between government and business.十三、TEXT B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十四、Low self-esteem pops(总题数：2，分数：2.00)7.The researchers find that there are stronger connections between（分数：1.00）A.low self-esteem and violence.B.low self-control and violence.C.high self-image and viole
10、nce.D.high self-control and violence.8.The researchers would most probably agree with the following EXCEPT（分数：1.00）A.self-esteem should be promoted and encouraged.B.schools should change their concept of self-esteem.C.the traditional view is beginning to lose ground.D.prisons should change their pre
11、sent practice.十五、TEXT C(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十六、Social change is mor(总题数：2，分数：2.00)9.The author would most probably agree that changes are more likely to be successful in（分数：1.00）A.production methods.B.ideological concepts.C.religious beliefs.D.social behaviour.10.According to the passage, the main differe
12、nce between a homogeneous society and a heterogeneous one lies in（分数：1.00）A.the number of opportunities offered.B.the nature of conflicts of interest.C.the awareness of the need for change.D.the role of social organizations.十七、TEXT D(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十八、One argument used to(总题数：3，分数：3.00)11.The author
13、uses the negotiations in Britain and Germany as an example to（分数：1.00）A.support reductions in employees working time.B.indicate employees are unwilling to share jobs.C.prove the possibility of sharing paid employment.D.show that employment will lose its dominance.12.The authors attitude towards futu
14、re full employment is generally（分数：1.00）A.supportive.B.wavering.C.sceptical.D.unclear.13.At the end of the passage the author seems to imply that as a result of shorter working time（分数：1.00）A.employment may not retain its usual importance.B.employment may not be regarded as valid work.C.people can b
15、e engaged in far less unpaid work.D.people can be engaged in far more unpaid work.十九、TEXT E(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二十、During the early sta(总题数：3，分数：3.00)14.In addition to distinctive packaging, contemporary products should also（分数：1.00）A.draw customers attention to their benefits.B.make customers aware of th
16、eir attractiveness.C.display details of the main ingredients.D.focus on proclamation and iteration.15.One of the more aggressive selling methods in the soap trade by the leading companies was to（分数：1.00）A.buy out small firms.B.take over distribution.C.resort to product designing.D.keep contact with
17、their customers.16.An example of a product which might well have been advertised during the early stages of the Industrial Revolution is（分数：1.00）A.a cooking utensil.B.a new childs toy.C.tinned fruit.D.household soap.二十一、TEXT F(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二十二、The decline of civil(总题数：5，分数：5.00)17.According to Caro
18、line Moore, the media has projected a _ image of the gentleman.（分数：1.00）A.humorousB.favourableC.negativeD.traditional18.Dr Bruce Charlton would probably prefer to see a more formal relationship（分数：1.00）A.among doctors.B.among managers.C.between doctors and managers.D.between doctors and patients.19.
19、According to the passage, the decline of good manners is more worrying because（分数：1.00）A.it leads to more crime in society.B.people view manners as old-fashioned.C.rudeness on the street cannot be stemmed out.D.it can seriously affect our daily life.20.In Anthony OHears view, a well-mannered person（
20、分数：1.00）A.acts rashly when he is young.B.tends to be bad-tempered in old age.C.behaves with a sense of appropriateness.D.attaches importance to his status.21.Rachel Trickett seems to indicate the term “lady“（分数：1.00）A.has acquired a different meaning.B.ii too old-fashioned to use.C.is preferred by f
21、eminists.D.victimizes women in society.二十三、PART GENERAL KNOWL(总题数：10，分数：10.00)22._ is the capital of Scotland.（分数：1.00）A.DublinB.EdinburghC.CardiffD.New Castle23.Around _ of New Zealanders are found in North Island.（分数：1.00）A.3/4B.1/2C.3/5D.4/1024.A linguistic situation in which two standard languag
22、es are used either by an individual or by a group of speakers is called（分数：1.00）A.situational dialect.B.slang.C.linguistic taboo.D.bilingualism.25.In his works, Defoe praised the industrious, sturdy _ and showed his sympathy for the downtrodden, unfortunate poor.（分数：1.00）A.working peopleB.aristocrat
23、sC.middle-class peopleD.capitalist upstarts26.In semantic studies, _ refers to the inherent meaning of the linguistic form.（分数：1.00）A.senseB.synonymC.homonymD.reference27.To some extent, the Romantic Movement revealed a _ attitude toward the social and political conditions then.（分数：1.00）A.positiveB.
24、negativeC.neutralD.prejudiced28.In history, Romans occupied Britain for about _ years.（分数：1.00）A.700B.600C.500D.40029.Syntactic change includes all the following EXCEPT（分数：1.00）A.rule loss.B.affix loss.C.rule addition.D.rule change.30.In his novel Robinson Crusoe, Defoe portrayed successfully an ima
25、ge of an enterprising Englishman, typical of the English bourgeoisie in the _ century.（分数：1.00）A.16thB.17thC.18thD.19th31.You can find the Grand Canyon in the State of（分数：1.00）A.Arizona.B.California.C.New Mexico.D.Chicago.二十四、PART PROOFREADDING(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二十五、When a human infant (总题数：10，分数：10.00)
26、32.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_33.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_34.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_35.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_36.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_37.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_38.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_39.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_40.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_41.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_二十六、PART TRANSLATION(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二十七、SECTION A CHINESE TO(总题数：1，分数：10.00)42.1997年 2月 24日我们代表团下榻日月潭中信大饭店，送走了最
27、后一批客人，已是次日凌晨 3点了。我躺在床上久久不能入睡，披衣走到窗前，往外看去，只见四周群峦叠翠，湖面波光粼粼。望着台湾这仅有的景色如画的天然湖泊，我想了许多，许多这次到台湾访问交流，虽然行程匆匆，但是，看了不少地方，访了旧友，交了新知，大家走到一起，谈论的一个重要话题就是中华民族在 2l世纪的强盛。虽然祖国大陆、台湾的青年生活在不同的社会环境中，有着各自不同的生活经历，但大家的内心都深深铭刻着中华文化优秀传统的印记，都有着振兴中华民族的共同理想。在世纪之交的伟大时代，我们的祖国正在走向繁荣富强，海峡两岸人民也将加强交流，共同推进祖国统一大业的早日完成。世纪之交的宝贵机遇和巨大挑战将青年推到
28、了历史前台。跨世纪青年一代应该用什么样的姿态迎接充满希望的新世纪，这是我们必须回答的问题。日月潭水波不兴，仿佛与我一同在思索（分数：10.00）_二十八、SECTION B ENGLISH TO(总题数：1，分数：10.00)43.I agree to some extent with my imaginary English reader. American literary historians are perhaps prone to view their own national scene too narrowly, mistaking prominence for uniquene
29、ss. They do over-phrase their own literature, or certainly its minor figures. And Americans do swing from aggressive over-phrase of their literature to an equally unfortunate, imitative deference. But then, the English .themselves are somewhat insular in their literary appraisals. Moreover, in field
30、s where they are not pre eminent - e.g. in painting and music - they too alternate between boasting of native products and copying those of the Continent. How many English paintings try to look as though they were done in Paris; how many times have we read in articles that they really represent an “
31、English tradition“ after all.To speak of American literature, then, is not to assert that it is completely unlike that of Europe. Broadly speaking, America and Europe have kept step. At any given moment the traveller could find examples in both of the same architecture, the same styles in dress, the
32、 same books on the shelves. Ideas have crossed the Atlantic as freely as men and merchandise, though sometimes more slowly. When I refer to American habit, thoughts, etc., I intend some sort of qualification to precede the word, for frequently the difference between America and Europe (especially En
33、gland) will be one of degree, sometimes only of a small degree. The amount of divergence is a subtle affair, liable to perplex the Englishman when he looks at America. He is looking at a country which in important senses grew out of his own, which in several ways still resembles his own - and which
34、is yet a foreign country. There are odd overlappings and abrupt unfamiliarities; kinship yields to a sudden alienation, as when we hail a person across the street, only to discover from his blank response that we have mistaken a stranger for a friend.（分数：10.00）_二十九、PART WRITING(总题数：1，分数：20.00)44.Now
35、adays with the development of economy, existing cities are growing bigger and new cities are appearing. What do you think is ONE of the major problems that may result from this process of urbanization?Write an essay of about 400 words on the topic given below.ONE MAJOR PROBLEM IN THE PROCESS OF URBA
36、NIZATIONIn the first part of your writing you should present your thesis statement, and in the second part you should support the thesis statement with appropriate details. In the last part you should bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary.Marks will be awarded for content,
37、 organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.Write your response on ANSWER SHEET FOUR.（分数：20.00）_专业八级-813 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、PART LISTENING COM(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、SECTION A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、The Rise of RP(总题数：1，分数：10.00)填空项 1
38、:_ （正确答案：dialect）解析：文中直接提到 dialect这个词；如果考生漏听了该词，也可以从对 RP的历史回顾中总结出这个词。填空项 1:_ （正确答案：merchant/merchants/businessman/businessmen）解析：文中出现 merchant这个词，当然与其同义的 businessman也是答案，用它们的复数也可以。填空项 1:_ （正确答案：Middle/Medieval Ages）解析：同上。Middle 和其同义词 Medieval均为正确答案。填空项 1:_ （正确答案：distinctive/special/unusual/unique）解析
39、：文中花了较大篇幅讲述 RP的独特魅力，因此与“独特”这一意义有关的词都是可能接受的答案。回答本题和下一题的关键在于理解与 pattern of pronunciation有关的信息；考生必须从与 RP有关的众多信息中挖掘出某一条信息。填空项 1:_ （正确答案：public schools）解析：本题只有惟一的答案。填空项 1:_ （正确答案：pronunciation）解析：本题较为容易。填空项 1:_ （正确答案：higher/upper）解析：考查总结解释原信息的能力。填空项 1:_ （正确答案：expansion/popularity/growth）解析：同上。填空项 1:_ （正确
40、答案：regional/local accents）解析：与本题有关的原文信息为there has been a rise in the prestige of all regional accents，其中单词 all在录音中被重读，强调所有的地方音都逐渐被接受，考生掌握该信息后不难答题。填空项 1:_ （正确答案：American/US）解析：听力原文Questions-People in Britain speak English with different accents according to where they come from, what kind of social s
41、tatus they have, or what kind of education theyve received, etc. Among the various accents there is one that has achieved a certain eminence. Its called Received Pronunciation (RP). And this accent is also generally preferred for teaching English as a foreign language and for reading BBC news bullet
42、ins. Why is it so? Lets take a look at how it evolved over the years, its features, its present status, etc.Received Pronunciation (RP) had its historical origins in a dialect of English spoken particularly in the region stretching south-east from the Midlands, which is in the central part of Englan
43、d, down towards London, the capital city. The two historic university cities of Cambridge and Oxford, though Outside this region, are also considered as the place of origin for the dialect. The dialect survived because of its association with centres of power and influence. It was spoken by the merc
44、hant classes of London in the 14th century, for example, and would have been familiar to students attending the universities of Oxford and Cambridge in the Middle Ages. Its status as an important dialect was enhanced by its use in government and official documents from about 1,430 onwards. More rece
45、ntly, its association since the 19th century with public schools helped to achieve special pre-eminence for its distinctive patterns of pronunciation. So we can see in the United Kingdom, at least, this accent is usually associated with a higher social or educational background, with the BBC and cer
46、tain professions, and is most commonly taught to students learning English as a foreign language. For many such students it is the only accent they are prepared to learn, and a teacher who does not use it may have difficulty in finding a position as a teacher of English in certain non-English-speaki
47、ng countries. Other names for this accent are the Queens English, Oxford English and BBC English. As the accent has lost its former regional affiliations, it is now the most widely understood and spoken of all the accents within the British Isles.So, what are the most interesting characteristics of RP? Firstly, the relatively very small n
