1、专业八级-780 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、PART LISTENING COM(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、SECTION A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Multinational Corpor(总题数：1，分数：10.00)填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_四、SECTION B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、Questions 1 to 5 are(总题数：1，分数：5.00)A.Students worked very hard.B.St
2、udents felt they needed a second degree.C.Education was not career-oriented.D.There were many specialized subjects.A.To turn out an adequate number of elite for society.B.To prepare students for their future career.C.To offer practical and utilitarian courses in each programme.D.To set up as many te
3、chnical institutions as possible.A.require good education.B.are secondary to education.C.dont call for good education.D.dont conflict with education.A.Shifting from one programme to another.B.Working out ways to reduce student number.C.Emphasizing better quality of education.D.Setting up stricter ex
4、amination standards.A.those who can adapt to different professions.B.those who have a high flexibility of mind.C.those who are thinkers, historians and philosophers.D.those who possess only highly specialized skills.六、SECTION C(总题数：0，分数：0.00)七、Question 6 is based (总题数：1，分数：1.00)A.a donation ceremony
5、.B.an aid program meeting.C.an anti-government protest.D.an opposition party meeting.八、Questions 7 and 8 ar(总题数：1，分数：2.00)A.Greenspans remarks.B.the slack US business.C.the excessive optimism.D.the weakened US economy.A.Too much money had flown into the region.B.The regions own currency had been dev
6、alued.C.Investors are less wealthy than they used to be.D.The construction industry had consumed too much bank loan.九、Questions 9 and 10 a(总题数：1，分数：2.00)A.better computer graphics and sound.B.the enhanced version of the Pentium processor.C.the success of the worlds first microprocessor.D.successful
7、sales of Intel chips and Microsoft software.A.may not be that great.B.would be greater than before.C.would certainly be less than before.D.would certainly be the same as before.十、PART READING COMPR(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十一、TEXT A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十二、Harry Truman didnt (总题数：5，分数：5.00)2.The author seems to sugge
8、st that CEO-turned government officials（分数：1.00）A.are able to fit into their new roles.B.are unlikely to adapt to their new roles.C.can respond to new situations intelligently.D.may feel uncertain in their new posts.3.For a CEO to be successful in government, he has to（分数：1.00）A.regard the president
9、 as the CEO.B.take absolute control of his department.C.exercise more power than the congressional committee.D.become acquainted with its power structure.4.The author has offered _ explanation(s) for CEOs failure in government career.（分数：1.00）A.oneB.twoC.threeD.four5.According to the passage, the di
10、fferences between government and business lie in the following areas EXCEPT（分数：1.00）A.nature of activity.B.option of withdrawal.C.legitimacy of activity.D.power distribution.6.In commenting on ONeills record as Treasury secretary, the passage seems to indicate that（分数：1.00）A.ONeill has failed to use
11、 his power well.B.ONeills policies were well received.C.ONeill has been consistent in his policies.D.ONeill is uncertain about the package hes approved.十三、TEXT B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十四、In a natural disaste(总题数：4，分数：4.00)7.The city residents of New Orleans were unsatisfied because（分数：1.00）A.they underwent
12、a heavy hurricane attack.B.the forecast hurricane did not hit the city.C.the hurricane warning arrived rather late.D.its precautionary measures were wasted.8.Which of the following areas suffered the most severe damage?（分数：1.00）A.Biloxi, Mississippi.B.The Gulf Coast of the US.C.Galveston, Texas.D.Ne
13、w Orleans.9.Which of the following phases does not belong to the disaster predication process?（分数：1.00）A.Accurate predictions of forthcoming disasters.B.Communication of forecasts and uncertainty.C.Evacuation from the disaster-stricken areas.D.Decision makers timely response to warnings.10.According
14、 to the passage, the purpose of disaster prediction is to（分数：1.00）A.demonstrate the power of advanced technology.B.bring out the truth between life and death.C.prevent such natural disasters from happening.D.reduce human casualties and loss of property.十五、TEXT C(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十六、Sign has become a sc
15、(总题数：2，分数：2.00)11.The title of the passage suggests that American Sign Language（分数：1.00）A.imitates spoken English.B.cannot be spoken.C.requires special intelligence.D.is cognitively complex.12.From the passage we can tell that Bill Stokoe（分数：1.00）A.teaches linguistics to the deaf.B.considers “signin
16、g“ a superior language.C.is a daring and innovative thinker.D.is primarily concerned with grammar.十七、TEXT D(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十八、More than just a rev(总题数：4，分数：4.00)13.Michael Joyce is remembered because he（分数：1.00）A.is a famous theoretician of hypertext fiction.B.gives an accurate definition of hypertex
17、t fiction.C.is the author of the first major hypertext story.D.wrote stories about husband, wife and children.14.In Charles Platts opinion,（分数：1.00）A.the so-called hypertext fiction is in fact nothing great.B.no good stories can be made without the use of hypertext.C.current hypertext has not fully
18、utilized the new medium.D.traditional ways of storytelling are better than hypertext.15.According to Marc Aronson, the digital（分数：1.00）A.is used side by side with print.B.has replaced the role of print.C.serves as an assistance to print.D.includes the functions of print.16.All the following are the
19、characteristics of hypertext fiction EXCEPT that（分数：1.00）A.it is written in a nonlinear fashion.B.it does not always have a conclusion.C.it must be read on a computer.D.it gives readers a fragmented story.十九、TEXT E(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二十、Avra Leodas of Santa(总题数：5，分数：5.00)17.The artists new work resembles
20、 the _ of her previous work.（分数：1.00）A.size and shapeB.austerity and refinementC.polished, vibrantly-colored exteriorsD.symmetry and magnitude18.From the details in the passage we can infer that the artist（分数：1.00）A.was born somewhere in the Mediterranean.B.lacks inspiration and humour.C.approaches
21、her work mechanically.D.is disciplined and reflective.19.The term “archaeological metaphor“ in the second paragraph suggests that the sculptures（分数：1.00）A.appear both antiquated and modem.B.are refined and unornamented.C.resemble prehistoric implements.D.are incomparable and artless.20.Leodas states
22、 in the 6th paragraph that “. it was just like being a baby“, indicating that she（分数：1.00）A.once again felt like a neophyte.B.was brashly confident about her work.C.thought her fame was undeserved.D.was helpless and in need.21.Apparently the author of the passage（分数：1.00）A.is unfamiliar with sculptu
23、ral terms.B.relies too heavily on other art critics.C.researches her subject matter before writing.D.finds Leodas work mundane and lifeless.二十一、PART GENERAL KNOWL(总题数：10，分数：10.00)22.According to the speech act theory, an act of expressing the speakers intention is defined as a(n)（分数：1.00）A.illocutio
24、nary act.B.locutionary act.C.perlocutionary act.D.contextual factor.23.Emerson believed that mans capacity is（分数：1.00）A.infinite.B.limited.C.submissive to Gods will.D.dependent on every individual.24.Which of the following pairs of words indicates hyponymy?（分数：1.00）A.fast (adj.)- fast ( v. )B.animal
25、 - dogC.autumn (n.)- fall (n.)D.black (adj.)- white (adj.)25.In Nathaniel Hawthornes opinion, romance should be（分数：1.00）A.full of excitement.B.a mixture of facts and fancy.C.a display of imagination.D.a true record of life.26._ is Canadas leading trading partner.（分数：1.00）A.ChinaB.AmericaC.JapanD.Bri
26、tain27.Whitman, who had worked as a newspaperman, later became noted for his use of_ language in his writings.（分数：1.00）A.oralB.formalC.poeticD.bookish28.In Ireland, _ experienced the fastest growth.（分数：1.00）A.engineeringB.textile industryC.labour-intensive industriesD.high-tech industries29.The _ in
27、troduced old-age pensions in New Zealand in 1898.（分数：1.00）A.Labor PartyB.Democratic PartyC.Liberal PartyD.Conservative Party30.Irish culture experienced a golden age from _ to _.（分数：1.00）A.the eighth century, the eleventh centuryB.the seventh century, the ninth centuryC.the sixth century, the eighth
28、 centuryD.the fifth century, the seventh century31.Language varieties that are appropriate for use in particular speech situations such as formal and informal situations are called（分数：1.00）A.gender varieties.B.education varieties.C.register varieties.D.age varieties.二十二、PART PROOFREADDING(总题数：0，分数：0
29、.00)二十三、As suburbs grew, bus(总题数：10，分数：10.00)32.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_33.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_34.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_35.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_36.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_37.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_38.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_39.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_40.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_41.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_二十四、PART TRANSLATION(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二十五、SECTION A CHINESE TO(总题数：1
30、，分数：10.00)42.中国将坚定不移地奉行独立自主的和平外交政策，继续加强同发展中国家的团结合作，同它们一道维护发展中国家正当合理的权益。同时，我们要进一步致力于稳定周边、巩固睦邻友好。我们还将不断地充实与各个大国已经建立或正在建立的未来关系框架的内涵。我们将更积极地参与国际事务和各种多边外交活动，坚决反对霸权主义、强权政治，推动在世界上建立公平合理、平等互利的国际政治、经济新秩序。（分数：10.00）_二十六、SECTION B ENGLISH TO(总题数：1，分数：10.00)43.In his classic novel, The Pioneers, James Fenimore
31、Cooper has his hero, a land developer, take his cousin on a tour of the city he is building. He describes the broad streets, rows of houses, a teeming metropolis. But his cousin looks around bewildered. All she sees is a forest. “Where are the beauties and improvements which you were to show me.?“ s
32、he asks. Hes astonished she cant see them. “Where! Why everywhere,“ he replies. For though they are not yet built on earth, he has built them in his mind, and they are as concrete to him as if they were already constructed and finished.Cooper was illustrating a distinctly American trait, future-mind
33、edness: the ability to see the present from the vantage point of the future; the freedom to feel unencumbered by the past and more emotionally attached to things to come. As Albert Einstein once said, “Life for the American is always becoming, never being./（分数：10.00）_二十七、PART WRITING(总题数：1，分数：20.00)
34、44.“Nowadays people spend too much of their spare time indoors.“ How far do you agree with this statement? Write a composition of about 400 words to state your view.In the first part of your writing you should present your thesis statement, and in the second part you should support the thesis statem
35、ent with appropriate details. In the last part you should bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary.Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.Write your response on ANSWE
36、R SHEET FOUR.（分数：20.00）_专业八级-780 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、PART LISTENING COM(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、SECTION A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Multinational Corpor(总题数：1，分数：10.00)填空项 1:_ （正确答案：a long history）解析：本题较为容易，讲座开始不久即提到跨国投资具有较长的历史。听力原文-Multinational CorporationsA multinational corporation (MNC) has industrial an
37、d commercial organizations in foreign countries. Manufacturing plants are established abroad, in conjunction with supporting marketing systems.Multinational investment has a long history. In the early years of this century, European companies realized that their own home markets were small. Just as
38、the Americans went west in the 1800s, European companies like Nestle, Unilever, and Royal Dutch Shell went overseas for new markets and became MNCs well before World War. United States companies, which have a large home market of over 218 million people, had other incentives to multinationalize. Est
39、ablishment of an MNC was a way to generate income from diversified sources, thereby spreading recession risks. It was a way to maximize return on investments, and it was a way to benefit from cheaper labour abroad.The formation of the European Economic Community (EEC) in 1958 spurred the growth of M
40、NCs, especially the American ones. The EEC established import duty-free associations of countries, thus creating vast markets. This meant that one Western European plant of a United States MNC could sell its products within the EEC to a market of 200 million people without running into customs dutie
41、s between countries. United States multinational growth in Europe was soon followed by the establishment of United States bank branches.How multinational can a corporation get? Some companies, like Nestle of Switzerland, make over 90 percent of their sales on exports and manufactured goods abroad. T
42、oday the large MNCs control from 50 to 200 foreign subsidiaries with 30 to 90 percent of their sales on exports and foreign-produced goods. In 1973 some experts estimated an annual turnover of $600 billion for all MNCs combined. These MNCs owned over 80,000 subsidiaries worldwide. At that time the a
43、nnual growth rate of MNC sales was estimated at around 10 percent well above the average Gross National Product growth of many nations.A favourable aspect about MNCs is that they create jobs in foreign countries. They also contribute to innovation or creation of new products and technology. But when
44、 innovation levels off and local technology reaches a point of sufficiency, MNCs are sometimes considered to be no longer useful. At this point MNCs run the risk of nationalization, which is the confiscation of a companys property (plant, equipment, etc. ) by a foreign government with or without ade
45、quate compensation. Successful MNCs eventually must learn how to interrelate their subsidiaries with the parent company, how to delegate decision-making authority, and how to develop satisfactory methods of control and supervision.Having entered the international arena, an MNC faces an awesome task.
46、 It must worry not only about how to overcome the communication barriers already mentioned cultural differences, distance, and environment, but also how to deal with the different legal and tax structures in the various countries. An MNC also has to cope with foreign currency so that it can protect
47、its foreign assets. Some other problems an MNC has to consider are: how to secure continued access to resources; how to deal with increased criticism and interference by foreign governments; and how to deal with labour laws and anitrust legislation both at home and abroad.In recent years MNCs have come under heavy criticism. Domestically they have been accused of exporting jobs, meaning that jobs are lost at home because the MNCs set up plants in other countries, sometimes expor
