1、专业八级-775 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、PART LISTENING COM(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、SECTION A(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Religions of the EastA few years ago many well-known people came to the East to study the Asian reli-gions. They were curious about how the Asian people put peace, joy, happiness, even(1) _ into their l
2、ives in terms of religious. (1) _It is said that Hinduism is one of the (2) _ Asian religions. Hinduism teaches (2) _that men are not really happy with pleasure, success, power or fiches; what they reallywant is to be alive and to be (3) _ of life as deeply as possible. Man has to over- (3) _come an
3、y (4) _ in his life. (4) _Hinduism recognizes four ways to achieve this goal:-by (5)_ , attained by questioning and thinking. (5) _-through love and adoration.-through forgetting oneself.-through (6) _ that tame both ones body and ones soul. (6) _The Buddhist religion has over 165 million (7) _ . Li
4、ke the Hindus, Buddha (7) _believed that one becomes (8) _ when one is able to overcome selfishness, sor- (8) _row, and sin and is able to (9) _ self-control, humility, generosity, mercy and (9) _love for all people.All of the Eastern religions believe in (10) _ , which means the soul goes (10) _fro
5、m one body to another until it is able to be united with God.（分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_三、SECTION B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following
6、five questions.Now listen to the interview.（分数：5.00）(1).The Earth Day Groceries Project _ .（分数：1.00）A.was inspired by a friend of Mark s who works at NASAB.is the name of an online education discussion listC.was started by a local supermarketD.is an environmental education project(2).How was the Pro
7、ject received when Mark first sent his invitation?（分数：1.00）A.Mark received responses from 53 schools.B.There were about 1,500 bags decorated with one announcement.C.It was a huge success, which, to a great extent, was due to the power of the Internet.D.R was a hit among the schools but the local sup
8、ermarket was quite reluctant to offer their bags at first.(3).How did Mark learn the skills he needed to construct his website?（分数：1.00）A.He taught himself and learned by doing.B.He found someone on the discussion lists to teach him.C.He found someone good at HTML to help him run the site.D.He had a
9、 teacher of computer help him.(4).Jean is a teacher of _ .（分数：1.00）A.computerB.artC.mathematicsD.natural sciences(5).Which of the following statements about Jean is NOT true?（分数：1.00）A.Her goal was to help them come up with a message and make a picture that related to the message.B.She would introdu
10、ce the lesson by talking about ways that people could improve the environment.C.She would tell the students to keep their design simple.D.She found it necessary sometimes to reject a students idea if its not good enoug四、SECTION C(总题数：2，分数：5.00)Questions 6 and 7 are based on the following news. At th
11、e end of the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.Now listen to the news.（分数：2.00）(1).How many people are already known to have died in the storms in Kansas, U.S.?（分数：1.00）A.1.B.3.C.10.D.The number is still unknown yet.(2).Which of the following names is NOT mentioned in t
12、he news?（分数：1.00）A.Ottawa County lake.B.north-central Kansas.C.the Kansas Emergency Management Agency.D.the tornado Camper.Questions 8 to 10 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 30 seconds to answer the questions.Now listen to the news.（分数：3.00）(1).How much
13、 did Spider-Man 3 take in on its opening day?（分数：1.00）A.148 million.B.227 million.C.59.3 million.D.55.8 million.(2).Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the news item?（分数：1.00）A.Spider-Man 3 broke the single-day box-office record.B.Spider-Man 3 was not so warmly received in foreign
14、 markets as was in the U.S.C.Spider-Man 3 was debuted on a Saturday.D.Spider-Man 3 still starred the same actors but had a different director.(3).The single-day box-office record was previously held by which of the following movies?（分数：1.00）A.Harry Porter.B.Pirates of the Caribbean.C.Titanic.D.The M
15、atrix.五、PART READING COMPR(总题数：0，分数：0.00)六、TEXT A(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Before a big exam, a sound nights sleep will do you more good than poring over textbooks. That, at least, is the folk wisdom. And science, in the form of behavioral psychology, supports that wisdom. But such behavioral studies cannot di
16、stinguish between two competing theories of why sleep is good for the memory. One says that sleep is when permanent memories form. The other says that they are actually formed during the day, but then “edited at night, to flush away what is superfluous.To tell the difference, it is necessary to look
17、 into the brain of a sleeping person, and that is hard. But after a decade of painstaking work, a team led by Pierre Maquet at Liege University in Belgium has managed to do it. The particular stage of sleep in which the Belgian group is interested in is rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, when brain and
18、 body are active, heart rate and blood pressure increase, the eyes move back and forth behind the eyelids as ff watching a movie, and brainwave traces resemble those of wakefulness. It is during this period of sleep that people are most likely to relive events of the previous day in dreams.Dr. Maque
19、t used an electronic device called PET to study the brains of people as they practiced a task during the day, and as they slept during the following night. The task required them to press a button as fast as possible, in response to a light coming on in one of six positions. As they learnt how to do
20、 this, their response times got faster. What they did not know was that the appearance of the lights sometimes followed a pattern-what is referred to as “artificial grammar“. Yet the reductions in response time showed that they learnt faster when the pattern was present than when there was not.What
21、is more, those with more to learn (i. e., the “grammar“, as well as the mechanical task of pushing the button) have more active brains. The “editing“ theory would not predict that, since the number of irrelevant stimuli would be the same in each case. And to eliminate any doubts that the experimenta
22、l subjects were learning as opposed to unlearning, their response times when they woke up were even quicker than when they went to sleep.The team, therefore, concluded that the nerve connections involved in memory are reinforced through reactivation during REM sleep, particularly if the brain detect
23、s an inherent structure in the material being learnt. So now, on the eve of that crucial test, maths students can sleep soundly in the knowledge that what they will remember the next day are the basic rules of algebra and not the incoherent talk from the radio next door.（分数：5.00）(1).Researchers in b
24、ehavioral psychology are divided with regard to _ .（分数：1.00）A.how dreams are modified in their coursesB.the difference between sleep and wakefulnessC.why sleep is of great benefit to memoryD.the functions of a good nights sleep(2).As manifested in the experimental study, rapid eye movement is charac
25、terized by _ .（分数：1.00）A.intensely active brainwave tracesB.subjects quicker response timesC.complicated memory patternsD.revival of events in the previous day(3).By referring to the artificial grammar, the author intends to show _ .（分数：1.00）A.its significance in the studyB.an inherent pattern being
26、 learntC.its resemblance to the lightsD.the importance of nights sleep(4).In their study, researchers led by Pierre Maquet took advantage of the technique of _ .（分数：1.00）A.exposing a long-held folk wisdomB.clarifying the predictions on dreamsC.making contrasts and comparisonsD.correlating effects wi
27、th their causes(5).What advice might Maquet give to those who have a crucial test the next day?（分数：1.00）A.Memorizing grammar with great efforts.B.Study textbooks with close attention.C.Have their brain images recorded.D.Enjoy their sleep at night soundly.七、TEXT B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)The Food and Drug Admi
28、nistration said Wednesday that it is trying to track down as many as 386 piglets that may have been genetically engineered and wrongfully sold into the U.S. food supply.The focus of the FDA investigation is pigs raised by researchers at the University of Illinois in Urbana Champaign. They engineered
29、 the animals with two genes: One is a cow gene that increases milk production in the sow. The other, a synthetic gene, makes the milk easier for piglets to digest. The goal was to raise bigger pigs faster.There has been no evidence that either genetically altered plants or animals actually trigger h
30、uman illness, but critics warn that potential side effects remain unknown. University officials say their tests showed the piglets were not born with the altered genes, but FDA rules require even the offspring of genetically engineered animals to be destroyed so they don t get into the food supply.T
31、he FDA, in a quickly arranged news conference Wednesday prompted by inquiries by USA TODAY, said the University of Illinois will face possible sanctions and fines for selling the piglets to a livestock broker, who in turn sells to processing plants.Both the FDA and the university say the pigs that e
32、ntered the market do not pose a risk to consumers. But the investigation follows action by the U.S. Department of Agriculture in December to fine a Texas company that contaminated 500,000 bushels of soybeans with com that had been genetically altered to produce a vaccine for pigs.Critics see such ca
33、ses as evidence of the need for more government oversight of a burgeoning area of scientific research. “This is a small incident, but its incident like this that could destroy consumer confidence and export confidence,“ says Stephanie Childs of the Grocery Manufacturers of America. “We already have
34、Europe shaky on biotech. The countries to whom we export are going to look at this.“The University of Illinois says it tested the DNA of every piglet eight times to make sure that the animal hadnt inherited the genetic engineering of its mother. Those piglets that did were put back into the study. T
35、hose that didn t were sold to the pig broker. “Any pig who s tested negative for the genes since 1999 has been sent off to market,“ says Charles Zukoski, vice chancellor for research.But FDA deputy commissioner Lester Crawford says that under the terms of the universitys agreement with the FDA, the
36、researchers were forbidden to remove the piglets without FDA approval. “The University of Illinois failed to check with FDA to see whether or not the animals could be sold on the open market. And they were not to he used under any circumstance for food.“The FDA is responsible for regulating and over
37、seeing transgenic animals because such genetic manipulation is considered an unapproved animal drug.（分数：5.00）(1).The 386 piglets wrongfully sold into food supply are from _ .（分数：1.00）A.EuropeB.an American research organizationC.a meat processing plantD.an animal farm(2).The purpose of the transgenic
38、 engineering research is to _ .（分数：1.00）A.get pigs of larger size in a shorter timeB.make sows produce more milkC.make cows produce more milkD.make pigs grow more lean meat(3).The 4th paragraph shows that the University of Illinois _ .（分数：1.00）A.was criticized by the FDAB.is in great troubleC.IS req
39、uired by the FDA to call back the sold pigletsD.may have to pay the penalty(4).The FDA declares that the wrongfully sold piglets _ .（分数：1.00）A.may have side effects on consumersB.may be harmful to consumersC.are safe to consumersD.may cause human illness(5).It can be inferred from this passage that
40、_ .（分数：1.00）A.all the offspring have their mothers genetic engineeringB.part of the offspring have their mothers genetic engineeringC.none of the offspring have their mothers genetic engineeringD.half of the offspring have their mothers genetic engineering八、TEXT C(总题数：1，分数：5.00)The study of philosop
41、hies should make our own ideas flexible. We are all of us apt to take certain general ideas for granted, and call them common sense. We should learn that other people have held quite different ideas, and that our own have started as very original guesses of philosophers.A scientist is apt to think t
42、hat all the problems of philosophy will ultimately be solved by science. I think this is true for a great many of the questions on which philosophers still argue. For example, Plato thought that when we saw something, one ray of light came to it from the sun, and another from our eyes and that seein
43、g was something like feeling with a stick. We now know that the light comes from the sun, and is reflected into our eyes. We don t know in much detail how the changes in our eyes give rise to sensation. But there is every reason to think that as we learn more about the physiology of the brain, we sh
44、all do so, and that the great philosophical problems about knowledge are going to be pretty fully cleared up.But if our descendants know the answers to these questions and others that perplex ns today, there will still be one field of which they do not know, namely the future. However exact our scie
45、nce, we cannot know it ns we know the past. Philosophy may be described as argument about things of which we are ignorant. And where science gives us a hope of knowledge it is often reasonable to suspend judgment. That is one reason why Marx and Engels quite rightly wrote to many philosophical probl
46、ems that interested their contemporaries.But we have got to prepare for the future, and we cannot do so rationally without some philosophy. Some people say we have only got to do the duties revealed in the past and laid down by religion, and god will look after the future. Other say that the world i
47、s a machine and the course of future events is certain, whatever efforts we may make. Marxists say that the future depends on ourselves, even though we are part of the historical process. This philosophical view certainly does inspire people to very great achievements. Whether it is true or not, it
48、is powerful guide to action.We need a philosophy, then, to help us to tackle the future. Agnosticism easily becomes an excuse for laziness and conservatism. Whether we adopt Marxism or any other philosophy, we cannot understand it with-out knowing something of how it developed. That is why knowledge of the history of philosophy is important to Marxists, even during the present critical days.（分数：5.00）(1).What is the main idea of this passage?（分数：1.00）A.The argument whether philosophy will ultimately be solved by science or not.B.The im
