1、专业八级-761 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、PART LISTENING COM(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、SECTION A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Discipline of(总题数：1，分数：10.00)填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_四、SECTION B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、Questions 1 to 5 are(总题数：1，分数：5.00)A.how the work of the women of Chiefs v
2、illage is appreciatedB.how the researchers at the university work for their programmsC.how Chief Kufa comments on the women of his villageD.how the farmers grow most of the food in Kufas villageA.Her husband asked her to give up that job as the job was not satisfactory.B.She lost her job at the offi
3、ce and had to move to another part of the country.C.Her husband got a very good job which could afford her stay at home.D.She wanted to find a more challenging job and her husband supported her.A.There was not much insect damage in her stores.B.She grew more grain than the other farmers.C.She adopte
4、d high technology of producing graft,D.She used a lot of manure in her fielA.women dont deserve respect due to them in the villageB.women have received enough respect in the villageC.women didnt make contributions for the development of the villageD.womens concerns are always taken into full conside
5、rationA.Neutral.B.Indifferent,C.Negative.D.Positiv六、SECTION C(总题数：0，分数：0.00)七、Questions 6 to 7 are(总题数：1，分数：2.00)A.FrenchB.SpanishC.BritishD.RussianA.passengersB.teachersC.parentsD.children八、Question 8 is based (总题数：1，分数：1.00)A.foodB.oilC.waterD.medical care九、Questions 9 to 10 ar(总题数：1，分数：2.00)A.An
6、earthquake.B.A heavy storm.C.The eruption of a volcano.D.The seasonal winA.Indonesia.B.Sri Lanka.C.Malaysia.D.Thailan十、PART READING COMPR(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十一、TEXT A(总题数：3，分数：3.00)2.What does the circular halo placed behind the head signify in the art of the Middle Ages?（分数：1.00）A.Divinity.B.Sainthood.C
7、.Cod.D.Sky.3.How does the writer value art of the Middle Ages?（分数：1.00）A.The art of the Middle Ages is elevated by its religious and sacred facet.B.Artists of the Middle Ages were absolutely talented.C.The art of the Middle Ages formed its own unique system.D.The religious works in the Middle Ages r
8、eached unparallel height in art.4.Which of the following statements is NOT true about the characteristics of the art of the Middle Ages?（分数：1.00）A.It follows a kind of mathematics.B.Its religious art, employing symbols to convey its meanings.C.Art becomes an allegory, beyond each painting some profo
9、und meanings are hidden.D.Art of the Middle Ages embodies the personality of the artist in a diffused way.十二、TEXT B(总题数：2，分数：2.00)5.The passage is mainly about _.（分数：1.00）A.the history of the wildlife conservation movementB.the preservation of wildlife through lawsC.wildlife management as a new appr
10、oachD.protection and improvement of the habitat of animals6.Good wildlife management includes all of the following EXCEPT _.（分数：1.00）A.carrying on a campaign against the terrible destruction of wild creaturesB.preserving and improving the habitatC.regulating wildlife growth through hunting and fishi
11、ngD.increasing wildlife population by artificial means十三、TEXT C(总题数：4，分数：4.00)7.Special words used in technical discussion _.（分数：1.00）A.should be confined to scientific fieldsB.should resemble mathematical formulaeC.are considered artificial speechD.may become part of common speech8.This passage is
12、primarily concerned with _.（分数：1.00）A.a new languageB.technical terminologyC.various occupations and professionsD.scientific undertakings9.The writer of this article was probably _.（分数：1.00）A.a linguistB.an attorneyC.a scientistD.an essayist10.It is true that _.（分数：1.00）A.the average man often uses
13、in his own vocabulary what was once technical language not meant for himB.various professions and occupations often interchange their dialects and jargonsC.there is always a clear-cut nontechnical word that may be substituted for the technical wordD.an educated person would be expected to know most
14、technical terms十四、TEXT D(总题数：3，分数：3.00)11.According to the passage, we may state that _.（分数：1.00）A.modern scientists and the ancient philosophers used similar techniquesB.the difference between inductive and deductive reasoning is non-existentC.the ancient philosophers and scientists were primarily
15、interested in “theories“D.it is easy to convert “theory“ into fact12.The difference between “facts“ and “theory“ _.（分数：1.00）A.is non-existentB.is that the latter needs confirmationC.rests on tile simplicity of the formerD.is the difference between the modern scientists and the ancient Greeks13.The t
16、itle that best expresses the ideas of this passage is _.（分数：1.00）A.Philosophy of MathematicsB.The Recent Growth in ScienceC.The Verification of FactsD.Methods of Scientific Inquiry十五、TEXT E(总题数：4，分数：4.00)14.From the last paragraph we can learn that _.（分数：1.00）A.Greenspan agrees with the baby reading
17、 lessonsB.Greenspan opposes the baby reading lessonsC.Greenspan doesnt care about the baby reading lessonsD.We cant infer whether Greenspan care about the baby reading lessons or not15.Dr. Stanley Greenspan thinks that _.（分数：1.00）A.cognition and emotions are independent of each other in childrens de
18、velopmentB.a babys future is written in his DNAC.parent child interaction is important for childrens mental developmentD.some babies are born smart, while others not16.What does the phrase “in the spotlight“ in paragraph 3 mean?（分数：1.00）A.In the sunshine.B.Drawing attention.C.Become more clear.D.In
19、a particular plac17.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?（分数：1.00）A.Children and Parents.B.How m Boost Babies Brain Power.C.How to Raise Children.D.The Role of Emotions in Childrens Development.十六、TEXT F(总题数：4，分数：4.00)18.The results of the use of the Jungner apparatus indic
20、ate that _.（分数：1.00）A.people may become aware of a previously undetected ailmentB.blood diseases can be cured very easilyC.diabetes does not respond to the apparatusD.practically all Swedish physicians welcomed the invention19.The prediction process that the Jungners use is essentially _.（分数：1.00）A.
21、biologicalB.physiologicalC.chemicalD.biophysical20.The main purpose of the passage is to _.（分数：1.00）A.predict the future of medical careB.describe a health checkup deviceC.show the superior health care system of SwedenD.warn about the dangers of undetected diseases21.The authors attitude towards aut
22、omation is that of _.（分数：1.00）A.indecisionB.remorseC.indifferenceD.favor十七、PART GENERAL KNOWL(总题数：10，分数：10.00)22.Ireland is called the Emerald Isle for its rich green countryside, but politically it is divided into two parts: _.（分数：1.00）A.Northern Ireland and Southern IrelandB.Southern Ireland and t
23、he Republic of IrelandC.the Republic of Ireland and Northern IrelandD.Northern Ireland and Britain23.Hawthorne generally concerned himself with such issues as _ in his fictions.（分数：1.00）A.the evil in mans heartB.the material pursuitC.the racial conflictD.the social inequality24.The Wars of Roses was
24、 ended by _ who destroyed the forces of the two sides of the wars, and the feudal basis of society was completely broken.（分数：1.00）A.Henry B.Henry C.Henry D.Henry 25.The first known settlers of Britain were _.（分数：1.00）A.the JutesB.the CeltsC.the SaxonsD.the Iberians26.A cold dish of raw vegetables wi
25、th a dressing is called _.（分数：1.00）A.hamburgerB.sandwichC.saladD.pudding27.All his novels reveal that, as time went on, Mark Twain became increasingly _.（分数：1.00）A.prolificB.artisticC.optimisticD.pessimistic28.The English Renaissance period was an age of _.（分数：1.00）A.poetry and dramaB.drama and nove
26、lC.novel and poetryD.romance and poetry29.The most obvious and rapid change in the development of a language takes place in the area of _.（分数：1.00）A.pronunciationB.vocabularyC.grammarD.speech30.“Lead (metal)“ and “lead(dogs head)“ are spelt in the same way, but pronounced differently. This kind of s
27、ense relation is called _.（分数：1.00）A.polysemyB.antonymyC.homonymyD.hyponymy31.Most embedded clauses require an introductory word called a subordinator, such as “that, until, before, _ “and so on.（分数：1.00）A.soB.ifC.forD.but十八、PART PROOFREADDING(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十九、From hair sprays to (总题数：10，分数：10.00)32
28、.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_33.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_34.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_35.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_36.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_37.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_38.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_39.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_40.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_41.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_二十、PART TRANSLATION(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二十一、SECTION A CHINESE TO(总题数：1，分数：10.00)42.细娃盼过年，大人盼开春。儿时，对于大人的盼是不能理解的，但过年，对于我
29、来说，可是一年的大盼头了。过年，不但好玩，且有肉吃，那气氛是迷人的。年一过，又盼日子快些流，好流来又一个春节。在盼中，日子真的流得飞快，转眼上了小学。继而初中，然后高中最后大学，盼的欲望更加强烈，盼的内容也越渐丰富了：盼有好成绩毕业，盼有一份好工作，盼事业有成，盼挣钱替父母分忧盼有一个好爱人不知不觉，天天踩着盼的石阶而上，自己竟成了一个大男人，一个挣钱养家糊口的忙碌人了。（分数：10.00）_二十二、SECTION B ENGLISH TO(总题数：1，分数：10.00)43.Fame brings celebrity and high regard from adoring and loya
30、l fans in each field of endeavor and it is heady stuff. A performer can easily come to believe that he or she is as good as his or her press. But most people, most artists do not gain fame and fortune. What about those performers who fail, or anyone who fails? Curiously enough, failure often serves
31、as its own reward for many people! It brings sympathy from others who are delighted not to be you, and it allows family and friends to lower their expectations of you so that you need not compete with those who have more talent and who succeed. And they find excuses and explanations of your inabilit
32、y to succeed and become famous: you are too sensitive, you are not interested in money, you are not interested in power that fame brings and you are not interested in the loss of privacy it demands, etc all excuses, but comforting to those who fail and those who pretend not to notice the failure.（分数
33、：10.00）_二十三、PART WRITING(总题数：1，分数：20.00)44. College students have to share the same dormitory with several other boys or girls. Write a comment of about 400 words on the advantage of rooming together.In the first part of your writing you should present your thesis statement, and in the second part y
34、ou should support the thesis statement with appropriate details. In the last part you should bring what you hove written to a natural conclusion or a summary.Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of
35、 marks.Write your composition on ANSWER SHEET FOUR.（分数：20.00）_专业八级-761 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、PART LISTENING COM(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、SECTION A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Discipline of(总题数：1，分数：10.00)填空项 1:_ （正确答案：operational）解析：听力原文1-10Good morning, everybody. Today we are going to talk about how big companie
36、s manage to keep their ad vantages. The title for this lecture can be “How Market Leaders Keep Their Edge“.A research shows that no company can succeed today by trying to be all things to all people It must instead find the unique value that it alone can deliver to a chosen market. We have identifie
37、d three distinct value disciplines. We name the first value discipline operational excellence, the second discipline product leadership, and the last discipline customer intimacy. Choosing one discipline to master does not mean that a company abandons the other two, only that it picks a dimension of
38、 value on which to stake its market reputation over the long term. Now lets look at these disciplines one by one.The first value discipline, as we just mentioned, is operational excellence. These companies mainly win through cost. Operationally excellent companies deliver a combination of quality, p
39、rice, and ease of purchase that no one else in their market can match. They are not product or service innovators, nor do they cultivate one-to-one relationships with customers. They execute extraordinarily well, and their proposition to customers is guaranteed low price or convenient service, or bo
40、th.Let me give you an example. Price/Costco is a chain of warehouse club stores. It doesnt provide a particularly rich selection of merchandise-only 3,500 items, vs. 50,000 or more in competing stores. But as a customer, you dont have to spend much time deliberating over what brand of coffee or home
41、 appliance to select. Price/Costco saves you that hassle by choosing for you. The company carries out rigorous evaluation of leading brands and shrewd purchasing of just the one brand in each category that represents the beat value.That is a good idea, isnt it? Well, now lets move on to the second v
42、alue discipline, which we call product leadership. Companies that follow this discipline usually win with great products. These companies concentrate on offering products with a continuously improving performance. Their proposition to customers is an offer of the best product, period. Moreover, prod
43、uct leaders do not build their positions with just one innovation; they continue to innovate year after year, product cycle after product cycle.Then how can a company continuously put forward new great products? To do this, they usually have to challenge themselves in three ways. First, they must be
44、 creative. Being creative means recognizing and embracing ideas that may come from anywhere, both in and out of the company. Second, they must commercialise their ideas quickly. Third and the most important, they must firmly pursue ways to surpass their own latest products or services. If anyone is
45、going to render their technology obsolete, they prefer to do it themselves.OK, its probably time to talk about the third discipline. Y6u see, we call it customer intimacy just now, and many companies do win through customer intimacy. A company that delivers value via customer intimacy builds bonds w
46、ith customers like those between good neighbours. Customer-intimate companies dont deliver what the market wants but what a specific customer wants. The customer-intimate company regard it important to know the people it sells to and the products and services they need. It continually tailors its pr
47、oducts and services and does so at reasonable prices. Its proposition is: “We get you the best total solution. “ The customer-intimate companys greatest asset is its customers loyalty.Customers dont have to be attracted through expensive advertising and promotion. Customer-intimate companies dont pursue transactions; they cultivate relationships. They are adept at giving the customer more than he
