1、专业八级-732 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、PART LISTENING COM(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、SECTION A(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Complete the gap-filling task. Some of the gaps below may require a maximum of THREE words. Make sure the word(s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically semantically acceptable, You may refer to our no
2、tes.Blog Culture. Introduction An (1) journal comprised of links and postings. Blogs cover (2) topics: commentaries, personal musings, political tracts, updated information, etc. the comment feature: not enabled by a significant number of prominent bloggers the most common feature: voice; written wi
3、th genuine human (3) , Features of bloggers sharing (4) collaborating being global having a (5) providing feedback themselves humans with thoughts willing to invest much time the culture of speed. (6) of personal blogs the advantages of blogs sharing knowledge and information a positive way of getti
4、ng (7) building a profile of the writer better informing the society and authorities concerned the disadvantages of personal blogs most people not having (8) , or unable to write compellingly or clearly real expertise laying hidden: readers can only get (9) information easy to start and hard to main
5、tain time-consuming the legal system may be (10) in some degree（分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_三、SECTION B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the followin
6、g five questions. Now listen to the interview.（分数：5.00）(1).According to Janet, the factor that would most affect negotiations is _.（分数：1.00）A.English language proficiencyB.different cultural practicesC.different negotiation tasksD.the international Americanized style(2).Janets attitude towards the A
7、mericanized style as a model for business negotiations is _.（分数：1.00）A.supportiveB.negativeC.ambiguousD.cautious(3).Which of the following can NOT be seen as a difference between Brazilian and American negotiators?（分数：1.00）A.Americans prepare more points before negotiations.B.Americans are more stra
8、ightforward during negotiations.C.Brazilians prefer more eye contact during negotiations.D.Brazilians seek more background information.(4).Which group of people seems to be the most straightforward?（分数：1.00）A.The British.B.Germans.C.Americans.D.Not mentione(5).Which of the following is NOT character
9、istic of Japanese negotiations?（分数：1.00）A.Reserved.B.Prejudiced.C.Polite.D.Prudent.四、SECTION C(总题数：3，分数：5.00)Questions 6 and 7 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer each question. Now listen to the news.（分数：2.00）(1).What is implied about
10、 the presidential election?（分数：1.00）A.The governing left-wing alliance stands a good chance of victory.B.There will probably be a run-off.C.Voters are not as interested in the presidential election as in the parliamentary elections.D.The outcome of the election would be utterly unpredictabl(2).Which
11、 of the following is mentioned as a mandate of Polands president?（分数：1.00）A.Dissolving the parliament.B.Working out Polands foreign policies.C.Naming the prime minister.D.Voting bills.Questions 8 and 9 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answ
12、er each question. Now listen to the news.（分数：2.00）(1).What happened after the incident?（分数：1.00）A.The United States took no disciplinary action against the soldiers responsible for the death of Italian intelligence agent Nicola Calipari.B.The soldier responsible for the death of Italian intelligence
13、 agent Nicola Calipari was indicted by Italy.C.The US government conducted a separate investigation into the incident.D.Prosecutor Franco Ionta had gathered enough evidence to convict the US soldier involve(2).Where was Italian intelligence agent Nicola Calipari killed?（分数：1.00）A.At an Italian airpo
14、rt.B.In southern Baghdad.C.At the Baghdad airport.D.At a checkpoint in Iraq.1.Question 10 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question. Now listen to the news.Why do so many children work in mines?（分数：1.00）A.They want to learn skill
15、s.B.They want to make a fortune.C.They are stricken by poverty.D.They want to do the same thing as adults d五、PART READING COMPR(总题数：0，分数：0.00)六、TEXT A(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Rupert Murdoch once described them as the “rivers of gold“the lucrative classified advertising revenues that flowed into big newspaper
16、groups, But the golden rivers are being diverted online as the Internet breaks the grip that local and regional newspapers once held over their advertising markets.Typically, a local newspaper would expect to get some 80% of its revenue from advertising, of which around two-thirds would come from cl
17、assifieds. But last year in the San Francisco Bay area, job ads worth some $ 60 million were lost from newspapers to the web, reckons Classified Intelligence, a consultancy. Emap, a British publisher, recently gave warning of a 30% decline in recruitment ads in one of its titles, Nursing Times, foll
18、owing the launch of a free web site for jobs in Britains National Health Service.The Internet has become the fastest-growing advertising medium. Online ad revenues reached $ 5.8 billion in the first six months of this year in America, up 26% on the same period last year, according to a joint study b
19、y the Interactive Advertising Bureau and Coopers. In Britain, online ad revenues surged by 62% in the same period to almost 500 million ($ 870 million).Search advertisingthe small text-ads that appear alongside Google and Yahoo Searches account for 40% of the online ad market. Another 20% goes to di
20、splay ads and 18% to classified advertising. But search advertising can also work like a small ad and will increasingly challenge print classifieds as websites provide localized and more elaborate services for online users.Perhaps the most significant development came on November 16th, when Google s
21、tarted up a prototype service called Google Base. It offers a searchable database of free listings, including small ads which can be narrowed down to postal regions. Among its first offerings were used ears. In no time, Google could challenge eBay, whose own auction listings now work much like a gia
22、nt classified Web site-especially with its “buy-it-now“ options. But eBay charges sellers. Even so, it sold more than 450 million items in the three months to September 30th, for almost $11 billion.In response, most print publishers are expanding online. Mr. Murdoch is buying websites including Prop
23、erty finder and MySpace, a social-networking site. Newspaper groups have teamed up to jointly operate websites to compete with Monster for recruitment ads. But the online operators are expanding too. eBay, for instance, is building a global network of classified sites under the Kijiji brand. It also
24、 has a stake in the popular Craigs-list which, having soaked up so many listings around its San Francisco home, is now frightening other newspapers as it expands its free ads service to other cities around the world.（分数：5.00）(1).By saying “the golden rivers are being diverted“ in Line 3 of Paragraph
25、 1, the author means _.（分数：1.00）A.newspapers earn a lot from adsB.the money flows like rivers into websitesC.newspapers began to share the ad revenues with web sitesD.web sites took away many ad revenues from newspapers(2).According to the text, newspaper is losing profits in job ads because _.（分数：1
26、.00）A.their prices are too highB.the employment rate is quite goodC.Internet company provides free servicesD.competition among newspapers is tight(3).The challenge that newspapers faced from the web site is _.（分数：1.00）A.the display ads and the classified adsB.the classified ads and the small text-ad
27、sC.the small text-ads that appear alongside search enginesD.the localization of website and more elaborate service(4).It can be inferred that eBay _.（分数：1.00）A.has a prototype serviceB.has similar ads service like GoogleC.is featured by its auction listingsD.offers a searchable database of free list
28、ings(5).What can be predicted from the last paragraph?（分数：1.00）A.Newspapers are now operating their own websites.B.Websites begin to enter the traditional newspaper business.C.Competition on ads will be tighter in the future.D.Newspapers might also provide free ads servic七、TEXT B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)“You
29、dont have to wait for government to move, the really fantastic thing about Fairtrade is that you can go shopping!“ So said a representative of the Fairtrade movement in a British newspaper. Similarly Marion Nestle, a nutritionist at New York University, argues that “when you choose organics, you are
30、 voting for a planet with fewer pesticides, richer soil and cleaner water supplies. “The idea that shopping is the new politics is certainly seductive. Never mind the ballot box; vote with your supermarket trolley instead. Elections occur relatively rarely, but you probably go shopping several times
31、 a month, providing yourself with lots of opportunities to express your opinions. If you are worried about the environment, you might buy organic food; if you want to help poor farmers, you can do your bit by buying Fairtrade products; or you can express a dislike of evil multinational companies and
32、 rampant globalisation by buying only local produce. And the best bit is that shopping, unlike voting, is fun; so you can do good and enjoy yourself at the same time.Sadly, its not that easy. There are good reasons to doubt the claims made about three of the most popular varieties of “ethical“ food:
33、 organic food, Fairtrade food and local food. People who want to make the world a better place cannot do so by shifting their shopping habits: transforming the planet requires duller disciplines, like politics.Organic food, which is grown without man-made pesticides and fertilizers, is generally ass
34、umed to be more environmentally friendly than conventional intensive farming, which is heavily reliant on chemical inputs. But it all depends on what you mean by “environmentally friendly“. Farming is inherently bad for the environment: since humans took it up around 11,000 years ago, the result has
35、 been deforestation on a massive scale. But following the “green revolution“ of the 1960s greater use of chemical fertilizer has tripled grain yields with very little increase in the area of land under cultivation. Organic methods, which rely on crop rotation, manure and compost in place of fertiliz
36、er, are far less intensive. So producing the worlds current agricultural output organically would require several times as much land as is currently cultivated. There wouldnt be much room left for the rainforest.Fairtrade food is designed to raise poor farmers incomes: It is sold at a higher price t
37、han ordinary food, with a subsidy passed back to the farmer. But prices of agricultural, commodities are low because of overproduction. By propping up the price, the Fairtrade system encourages farmers to produce more of these commodities rather than diversifying into other crops and so depresses pr
38、icesthus achieving, for most farmers, exactly the opposite of what the initiative is intended to do. And since only a small fraction of the mark-tip on Fairtrade foods actually goes to the farmer most goes to the retailerthe system gives rich consumers an inflated impression of their largesse and ma
39、kes alleviating poverty seem too easy.Surely the case for local food, produced as close as possible to the consumer in order to minimize “food miles“ and, by extension, carbon emissions, is clear? Surprisingly, it is not. A study of Britains food system found that nearly half of food-Vehicle miles (
40、i. e. , miles travelled by vehicles carrying food) were driven by cars going to and from the shops. Most people live closer to a supermarket than a farmers market, so more local food could mean more food-vehicle miles. Moving food around in big, carefully packed lorries, as supermarkets do, may in f
41、act be the most efficient way to transport the stuff.Whats more, once the energy used in production as well as transport is taken into account, local food may turn out to be even less green. Producing lamb in New Zealand and shipping it to Britain uses less energy than producing British lamb, becaus
42、e farming in New Zealand is less energy- intensive. And the local food movements aims, of course, contradict those of the Fairtrade movement, by discouraging rich-country consumers from buying poor-country produce. But since the local-food movement looks suspiciously like old-fashioned protectionism
43、 masquerading as concern for the environment, helping poor countries is presumably not the point.（分数：5.00）(1).The passage suggests that Fairtrade movement _.（分数：1.00）A.can offer help to needy farmersB.encourages people to do less shoppingC.enables people to vote at any timeD.can provide people with
44、more choices(2).The authors attitude towards ethical food is one of _.（分数：1.00）A.impartialB.optimisticC.pessimisticD.skeptical(3).One of the disadvantages of organic food is that _.（分数：1.00）A.it might occupy woodlandB.it might use more fertilizersC.it depends more on insectsD.it demands more efforts
45、 and water(4).Which of the following is one of the blame local-food movement incurs?（分数：1.00）A.It intentionally increases carbon emissions.B.It is not beneficial to poor countries indeed.C.It reduces the use of carefully packed lorries.D.It discourages customers to buy good produc(5).The best title
46、for the passage might be _.（分数：1.00）A.Is There Clever Shopping?B.The Fairtrade MovementC.“Ethical“ FoodGood Food?D.The New Polities八、TEXT C(总题数：1，分数：5.00)What makes for a successful invasion? Often, the answer is to have better weapons than the enemy. And, as it is with people, so it is with plantsa
47、t least, that is the conclusion of a paper published in Biology Letters by Naomi Cappuccino, of Carleton University, and Thor Arnason, of the University of Ottawa, both in Canada.The phenomenon of alien species popping up unexpected parts of the world has grown over the past few decades as people an
48、d goods become more mobile and plant seeds and animal larvae have hitched along for the ride. Most such aliens blend into the ecosystem in which they arrive without too much fuss. (Indeed, many probably fail to establish themselves at allbut those failures, of course, are never noticed. ) Occasional
49、ly, though, something goes bananas and starts trying to take the place over, and an invasive species is born. Dr. Cappuccino and Dr. Arnason asked themselves why.One hypothesis is that aliens leave their predators behind. Since the predators in their new homelands are not adapted to exploit them, they are able to repro
