1、专业八级-707 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、PART LISTENING COM(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、SECTION A(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Leaving HomeGenerally, most people have in their minds a picture of their “ideal home“, but if you are students or people just beginning work, the practical limitations of money and location may prevent
2、 them from finding this ideal home.Serveral ideas for you to follow:I. To stay at home for a while when leaving school:1) many advantages while staying at home;2) depending much on how you (1)_your family. (1) _II. To stay in your home area by renting a house or a flat:1) cannot inviting your (2)_to
3、 visit you freely; (2) _2) would be rather unhappy ifnotgeting on well with your (3)._ (3) _III. To ask (4)_on campus for help in finding houses: (4) _1) difficult in some areas because of a (5)_ student population; (5) _2) many (6)_not willing to rent rooms to students. (6) _IV. To share (7)_with s
4、ome other students: (7) _1) very cheap rent;2) no old people watching over;3) and the housework shared with room-mates;4) causing problems if having (8)_ characters. (8) _V .To try a bed-sitterone mom that you use as a bedroom andsitting room (9)_: (9) _1) not very expensive rent;2) easy to keep cle
5、an and cheap and to heat;3) simple to make it feel like a real home;4) may be always (10)_if cooking; (10) _5) might be hanging your wet clothes all round the room;6) can be very lonely at first.（分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_三、SECTION B(总题数：1，分数：5.00
6、)Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview with a chief-editor. At the end of the interview you will be givenl O seconds to answer each of the following questions.Now listen to the interview.（分数：5.00）(1).According to Nick, what is the most dangerous notion in the world?（分数：1.00）A.Predominance.B.Loc
7、al characteristics and customs.C.Individual identity.D.Potential dividing forces.(2).Which description is not true about Nick Ularu?（分数：1.00）A.He has Romanian origin.B.He is a teacher and a set designer in the same time.C.He had a cultural resonance when he first came to the USA.D.He couldnt underst
8、and why Americans invest so much on entertainment industry but not on art.(3).What is Nicks opinions about teaching?（分数：1.00）A.He thinks that teaching doesnt help the artistic side.B.He believes that teaching keeps him energetic.C.Teaching shouldnt be totally isolated from politics.D.Teaching frustr
9、ates him so many times.(4).What is Nicks philosophy of teaching?（分数：1.00）A.The students must be the followers of their teacher.B.He should work hard to make students believe in their own abilities.C.Pleasing students is the most necessary factor.D.Teacher should have a decisive effect on the persona
10、lities of students.(5).Which one is Nicks idea about the leader?（分数：1.00）A.Everyone has the access to leadership.B.Leaders create the worst work situation.C.Books can help to improve people ability and make someone a leader.D.The real leaders are born.四、SECTION C(总题数：3，分数：5.00)Questions 7 and 8 are
11、based on the following news item. At the end of the news item, you will be given JO seconds to answer each question.Now listen to the news.（分数：2.00）(1).According to the news, who claimed responsibility for the rocket attack?（分数：1.00）A.A 36-year-old Israeli man.B.Palestinian militants.C.Israels offen
12、sive.D.Hamas(2).50 Palestinians or so have been killed in the raids which began _ ago.（分数：1.00）A.12 weeksB.12 daysC.2 weeksD.2 days1. Question 6 is based on the following news item. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question.Now listen to the news.After meeting
13、with Queen Elizabeth II, _ came to his new official residency, Number 10 Downing Street,（分数：1.00）A.Tony BlairB.the KingC.Gordon BrownD.president of IraqQuestions 9 and 10 are based on the following news item. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer each question.Now liste
14、n to the news.（分数：2.00）(1).Who gathered in a Rome square Saturday for the Family Day rally?（分数：1.00）A.Married couples.B.Demonstrators.C.Children.D.Family associations.(2).According to the news, Italy would be more _ if it gave rights to unmarried and gay couples.（分数：1.00）A.openB.developedC.democrati
15、cD.civilized五、PART READING COMPR(总题数：0，分数：0.00)六、TEXT A(总题数：1，分数：4.00)Researchers investigating brain size and mental ability say their work offers evidence that education protects the mind from the brains physical deterioration.It is known that the brain shrinks as the body ages, but the effects on
16、 mental ability are different from person to person. Interestingly, in a study of elderly men and women, those who had more education actually had more brain shrinkage.“That may seem like bad news,“ said study author Dr. Edward Coffey, a professor of psychiatry and of neurology at Henry Ford Health
17、System in Detroit. However, he explained, the finding suggests that education allows people to withstand more brain-tissue loss before their mental functioning begins to break downThe study, published in the July issue of Neurology, is the first to provide biological evidence to support a concept ca
18、lled the “reserve“ hypothesis, according to the researchers. In recent years, investigators have developed the idea that people who are more educated have greater cognitive reserves to draw upon as the brain tissue to spare.Examining brain scans of 320 healthy men and women ages 66 to 90, researcher
19、s found that for each year of education the subjects had, there was greater shrinkage of the outer layer of the brain known as the cortex. Yet on tests of cognition and memory, all participants scored in the range indicating normal.“Everyone has some degree of brain shrinkage,“ Coffey said. “People
20、lose (on average) 2.5 percent per decade starting at adulthood.“There is, however, a “remarkable range“ of shrinkage among people who show no signs no mental decline, Coffey noted. Overall health, he said, accounts for some differences in brain size. Alcohol or drug use, as well as medical condition
21、s such as diabetes and high blood pressure, contribute to brain-tissue loss throughout adulthood.In the absence of such medical conditions, Coffey said, education level helps explain the range of brain shrinkage exhibited among the mentally-fit elderly. The more-educated can withstand greater loss.C
22、offey and colleagues gauged shrinkage of the cortex by measuring the cerehrospinal fluid surrounding the brain. The greater the amount of fluid, the greater the cortical shrinkage.Controlling for the health factors that contribute to brain injury, the researchers found that education was related to
23、the severity of brain shrinkage. For each year of education from first grade on, subjects had an average of 1.77 milliliters more cerebrospinal fluid around the brain.For example, Coffeys team reported, among subjects of the same sex and similar age and skull size, those with 16 years of education h
24、ad 8 percent to 10 percent more cerebrospinal fluid compared with those who had four years of schooling.Of course, achieving a particular education level is not the definitive measure of someones mental capacity. And, said Coffey, education can be “a proxy for many things“. More-educated people, he
25、noted, are often less likely to have habits, such as smoking, that harm overall health.But Coffey said that his teams findings suggest that like the body, the brain benefits from exercise. “The question is whether by continuing to exercise the brain we can forestall the effects of (brain shrinkage),
26、“ he said. “My hunch is that we can.“According to Coffey, people should strive throughout life to keep their brains alert by exposing them- selves to new experiences. Travelling is one way to stimulate the brain, he said; a less adventuresome way is to do crossword puzzles.“A hot topic down the road
27、,“ Coffey said, will be whether education even late in life has a protective effect against mental decline.Just how education might affect brain cells is unknown. In their report, the researchers speculated that in people with more education, certain brain structures deeper than the cortex may stay
28、intact to compensate for cortical shrinkage.（分数：4.00）(1).According to this passage, all of the following factors could account for brain shrinkage except _.（分数：1.00）A.ageB.educationC.healthD.exercise(2).Which of the following statements is true?（分数：1.00）A.The brain of an adult person shrinks 2.5% ev
29、ery 10 years.B.The cerebrospinal fluid of a person with 8 years of education may have increased 17.7 milliliters.C.The cerebrospinal fluid of a person with 16 years of education may increase by 10%.D.The brain of an aged person shrinks 5% every 10 years.(3).According to Coffeys research, the brain m
30、ay benefit from_.（分数：1.00）A.runningB.playing chessC.swimmingD.playing football(4).From this passage, we can conclude that_.（分数：1.00）A.education is beneficial to mental developmentB.education protects the braid from shrinkingC.education has a protective effect against mental declineD.education affect
31、s overall brain structures七、TEXT B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Children in the UK are not reading enough at home, favouring television and computer games instead, according to new research.The survey conducted earlier this month by Nesfl6 Box Tops for Books, which asked parents about their childrens reading habit
32、s, found that half of UK children spend less than two hours reading per week. A further one in 10 had not read a book in the past month, and of those who do read regularly, one in four avoid non-fiction titles. More than half of the parents surveyed believed their children should read more non-ficti
33、on books.“It is essential that young children read at least one book a week and, in particular, educational books,“ said family counsellor Jenni Trent Hughes.But others believe such a stern approach to reading may not help children. “We can turn children off it by simply saying its something they mu
34、st be doing,“ said Amelia Foster, who runs Reading Connects for the National Literacy Trust, an organisation that encourages reading for pleasure to enhance classroom achievement.Ms Foster said the survey results might not give children enough credit. Previous studies have found that 75% of 11 to 18
35、-year-olds enjoyed reading, and 83% read in their spare time.Past reading surveys have found distinct differences in the reading habits of boys and girls. Girls tend to be more enthusiastic about reading in general, but particularly fiction (perhaps helping to explain why Jaequeline Wilson, author o
36、f Sleepovers and Bad Girls, is the most borrowed author from public libraries), while boys are drawn to books about a place, subject, or hobby that interests them.Nicola Davies, author of Poo: A Natural History of the Unmentionable, said while working with underachieving boys she found they responde
37、d to non-fiction better than fiction. “You can get them to write poetry but they won t read it,“ she said.Ms Davies would like to see childrens non-fiction take off in the way adult non-fiction has in recent years, thanks largely to rifles like Longitude that employ strong narratives. This may encou
38、rage boys to read more, she said.“Theres a lot of really crap non-fiction out there. Its absolute paint by numbers, pile them high, and sell them cheap. But its not really addressing the issue. Non-fiction as it is cutting off a whole route into reading, especially for boys,“ added Ms Davies.But the
39、 consequences of these trends may run deeper. Some worry that steering clear of non-fiction may effect the development of a childs imagination, even going so far as to impact their future career choices.Nicola Jones credits her choice of studying zoology at university to her childhood Encyclopedia B
40、ritannica. “There was this fantastic bit in the back on transparencies of human bodies, and it absolutely fired my imagination about the workings of the human body. Childrens imagination needs all sorts of fuel. And thats whats going to drive them, give them intrinsic motivation. Its what makes your
41、 intellectual cars go.“ For this reason Ms Jones is planning a conference next year that will address how non-fiction can be transformed into something more children will want to read.（分数：5.00）(1).Which of the following belongs to non-fiction?（分数：1.00）A.Encyclopedia.B.Novel.C.Poetry.D.Short story.(2
42、).Whats the difference between girls and boys in their reading habits?（分数：1.00）A.Girls read extensively while boys focus on books of particular topics.B.Girls have better reading habits than boys.C.Girls are reading for enriching knowledge while boys are reading for fun.D.Girls are more interested i
43、n fiction than boys.(3).What does Ms. Davies mean by saying “Non-fiction as it is cutting off a whole route into reading, especiaily for boys.“?（分数：1.00）A.Young people, especially boys cant easily get access to good books of non-fiction.B.A lot of good non-fiction books are coming out into the marke
44、t.C.Such kind of non-fiction are eroding into the reading habits of young people especially boys.D.Non-fiction books have been isolated from our reading experienc(4).Whats the aim of Nicola Jones by quoting her personal experience in the last paragraph?（分数：1.00）A.She emphasized the importance of ima
45、gination for children.B.She wants to prove that reading Encyclopedia is important for children.C.She wants to tell people how to stimulate childrens motivation.D.She proves that non-fiction can also fire the imagination of children.(5).Which of the following statements is true according to this pass
46、age?（分数：1.00）A.Most of the parents under survey think children should read more non-fiction than fiction.B.National Literacy Trust encourages children to treat reading as a labor of love.C.The stares-quo of books of non-fiction in the market is satisfying.D.Non-fiction contributes more than fiction
47、to the development of childrens intellect.八、TEXT C(总题数：1，分数：3.00)Since about 1950, public transportation in the U.S. has had to struggle to survive. The growth of private automobile ownership, the change in cities with accelerated urban sprawl, and the immense highway construction program have added
48、 to transit problems. Moreover, changes in life-style have contributed to reduced transit use, which has resulted in lower revenues from fares at a time when costs for operations have increased greatly.As private transit systems were taken over by local government and the cost of operations continued to increase, pressure was exerted for federal participation in urban public transportation. The 1964 Urban Mass Transportation Act established this commitment. The legislation limited federal assistance to g0 percent of the capital expenditure for buses, rail c
