1、专业八级-694 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、PART LISTENING COM(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、SECTION A(总题数：1，分数：10.00)At present companies and industries like to sponsor sports events. Two reasons are put forward to explain this phenomenon. The first reason is that they (1) throughout the world. The second reason is th
2、at companies and industries (2) money, as they get reductions in the tax they owe if they sponsor sports or arts activities.As sponsorship is (3) , careful thinking is required in deciding which events to sponsor. It is important that the event to be sponsored (4) the product(s) to be promoted. That
3、 is, (5) and maximum product coverage must be guaranteed in the event.Points to be considered in sports sponsorship.Popularity of the eventInternational sports events are (6) , which get extensive coverage on TV and in the press. Smaller events attract fewer people.Identification of the potential au
4、dienceAiming at the right audience is most important for smaller events. The right audience would attract manufacturers of other related products like (7) , etc.Advantages of sponsorshipAdvantages are longer-term.People are expected to respond (8) to the products promoted and be more likely to buy t
5、hem.Advertising is (9) .Sponsorship is better than straight advertising: a) less (10) b) tax-free（分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_三、SECTION B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)(1).What was education like in Professor Wangs days?（分数：1.00）A.Students worked very hard.B.Studen
6、ts felt they needed a second degree.C.Education was not career-oriented.D.There were many specialized subjects.(2).According to Professor Wang, what is the purpose of the present-day education?（分数：1.00）A.To turn out an adequate number of elite for society.B.To prepare students for their future caree
7、r.C.To offer practical and utilitarian courses in each programme.D.To set up as many technical institutions as possibl(3).In Professor Wangs opinion, technical skills（分数：1.00）A.require good education.B.are secondary to education.C.dont call for good education.D.dont conflict with education.(4).What
8、does Professor Wang suggest to cope with the situation caused by increasing numbers of fee-paying students?（分数：1.00）A.Shifting from one programme to another.B.Working out ways to reduce student number.C.Emphasizing better quality of education.D.Setting up stricter examination standards.(5).Future ed
9、ucation needs to produce graduates of all the following categories EXCEPT（分数：1.00）A.those who can adapt to different professions.B.those who have a high flexibility of mind.C.those who are thinkers, historians and philosophers.D.those who possess only highly specialized skills.四、SECTION C(总题数：3，分数：5
10、.00)1.A half-day strike will take place at the same time with（分数：1.00）A.a donation ceremony.B.an aid program meeting.C.an anti-government protest.D.an opposition party meetin(1).The recent fluctuation of the stock market in New York was due to（分数：1.00）A.Greenspans remarks.B.the slack US business.C.t
11、he excessive optimism.D.the weakened US economy.(2).Which of the following statements does NOT apply to the origins of the Asian crisis?（分数：1.00）A.Too much money had flown into the region.B.The regions own currency had been devalued.C.Investors are less wealthy than they used to be.D.The constructio
12、n industry had consumed too much bank loan.(1).Over the past ten years, the sharp increase in the sale of personal computers was due to（分数：1.00）A.better computer graphics and sound.B.the enhanced version of the Pentium processor.C.the success of the worlds first microprocessor.D.successful sales of
13、Intel chips and Microsoft softwar(2).According to the passage, Intels profits in the next few months（分数：1.00）A.may not be that great.B.would be greater than before.C.would certainly be less than before.D.would certainly be the same as befor五、PART READING COMPR(总题数：0，分数：0.00)六、TEXT A(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Ha
14、rry Truman didnt think his successor had the right training to be president. “Poor Ike-it wont be a bit like the Army,“ he said. “Hell sit there all day saying do this, do that, and nothing will happen.“ Truman was wrong about Ike. Dwight Eisenhower had led a fractious alliance - you didnt tell Wins
15、ton Churchill what to do -in a massive, chaotic war. He was used to politics. But Trumans insight could well be applied to another, even more venerated Washington figure: the CEO-turned cabinet secretary.A 20-year bull market has convinced us all that CEOs are geniuses, so watch with astonishment th
16、e troubles of Donald Rumsfeld and Paul ONeill. Here are two highly regarded businessmen, obviously intelligent and well-informed, foundering in their jobs.Actually, we shouldnt be surprised. Rumsfeld and ONeill are not doing badly despite having been successful CEOs but because of it. The record of
17、senior businessmen in government is one of almost unrelieved disappointment. In fact, with the exception of Robert Rubin, it is difficult to think of a CEO who had a successful career in government.Why is this? Well, first the CEO has to recognize that he is no longer the CEO. He is at best an advis
18、er to the CEO, the president. But even the president is not really the CEO. No one is. Power in a corporation is concentrated and vertically structured. Power in Washington is diffuse and horizontally spread out. The secretary might think hes in charge of his agency. But the chairman of the congress
19、ional committee funding that agency feels the same. In his famous study “Presidential Power and the Modern Presidents,“ Richard Neustadt explains how little power the president actually has and concludes that the only lasting presidential power is “the power to persuade.“Take Rumsfelds attempt to tr
20、ansform the cold-war military into one geared for the future. Its innovative but deeply threatening to almost everyone in Washington. The Defense secretary did not try to sell it to the Joint Chiefs of Staff, Congress, the budget office or the White House. As a result, the idea is collapsing.Second,
21、 what power you have, you must use carefully. For example, ONeills position as Treasury secretary is one with little formal authority. Unlike Finance ministers around the world, Treasury does not control the budget. But it has symbolic power. The secretary is seen as the chief economic spokesman for
22、 the administration and, if he plays it right, the chief economic adviser for the president.ONeill has been publicly critical of the IMFs bailout packages for developing countries while at the same time approving such packages for Turkey, Argentina and Brazil. As a result, he has gotten the worst of
23、 both worlds. The bailouts continue, but their effect in bolstering investor confidence is limited because the markets are rattled by his skepticism.Perhaps the government doesnt do bailouts well. But that leads to a third rule: you cant just quit. Jack Welchs famous law for re-engineering General E
24、lectric was to be first or second in any given product category, or else get out of that business. But if the government isnt doing a particular job at peak level, it doesnt always have the option of relieving itself of that function. The Pentagon probably wastes a lot of money. But it cant get out
25、of the national-security business.The key to former Treasury secretary Rubins success may have been that he fully understood that business and government are, in his words, “necessarily and properly very different. “ In a recent speech he explained, “Business functions around one predominate organiz
26、ing principle, profitability . Government, on the other hand, deals with a vast number of equally legitimate and often potentially competing objectives for example, energy production versus environmental protection, or safety regulations versus productivity.“Rubins example shows that talented people
27、 can do well in government if they are willing to treat it as its own separate, serious endeavour. But having been bathed in a culture of adoration and flattery, its difficult for a CEO to believe he needs to listen and learn, particularly from those despised and poorly paid specimens, politicians,
28、bureaucrats and the media. And even if he knows it intellectually, he just cant live with it.（分数：5.00）(1).For a CEO to be successful in government, he has to（分数：1.00）A.regard the president as the CEO.B.take absolute control of his department.C.exercise more power than the congressional committee.D.b
29、ecome acquainted with its power structur(2).In commenting on ONeills record as Treasury secretary, the passage seems to indicate that（分数：1.00）A.ONeill has failed to use his power well.B.ONeills policies were well received.C.ONeill has been consistent in his policies.D.ONeill is uncertain about the p
30、ackage hes approve(3).According to the passage, the differences between government and business lie in the following areas EXCEPT（分数：1.00）A.nature of activity.B.option of withdrawal.C.legitimacy of activity.D.power distribution.(4).The author seems to suggest that CEO-turned government officials（分数：
31、1.00）A.are able to fit into their new roles.B.are unlikely to adapt to their new roles.C.can respond to new situations intelligently.D.may feel uncertain in their new posts.(5).The author has offered _ explanation(s) for CEOs failure in government career.（分数：1.00）A.oneB.twoC.threeD.four七、TEXT B(总题数：
32、1，分数：5.00)The biggest problem facing Chile as it promotes itself as a tourist destination to be reckoned with, is that it is at the end of the earth. It is too far south to be a convenient stop on the way to anywhere else and is much farther than a relatively cheap half-days flight away from the big
33、 tourist markets, unlike Mexico, for example.Chile, therefore, is having to fight hard to attract tourists, to convince travellers that it is worth coming halfway round the world to visit. But it is succeeding, not only in existing markets like the USA and Western Europe but in new territories, in p
34、articular the Far East. Markets closer to home, however, are not being forgotten. More than 50% of visitors to Chile still come from its nearest neighbour, Argentina, where the cost of living is much higher.Like all South American countries, Chile sees tourism as a valuable earner of foreign currenc
35、y, although it has been far more serious than most in promoting its image abroad. Relatively stable politically within the region, it has benefited from the problems suffered in other areas. In Peru, guerrilla warfare in recent years has dealt a heavy blow to the tourist industry and fear of street
36、crime in Brazil has reduced the attraction of Rio de Janeiro as a dream destination for foreigners.More than 150,000 people are directly involved in Chiles tourist sector, an industry which earns the country more than US $ 950 million each year. The state-run National Tourism Service, in partnership
37、 with a number of private companies, is currently running a world-wide campaign, taking part in trade fairs and international events to attract visitors to Chile.Chiles great strength as a tourist destination is its geographical diversity. From the parched Atacama Desert in the north to the Antarcti
38、c snowfields of the south, it is more than 5,000km long. With the Pacific on one side and the Andean mountains on the other, Chile boasts natural attractions. Its beaches are not up to Caribbean standards but resorts such as Vina del Mar are generally clean and unspoilt and have a high standard of s
39、ervices.But the trump card is the Andes mountain range. There are a number of excellent ski resorts within one hours drive of the capital, Santiago, and the national parks in the south are home to rare animal and plant species. The parks already attract specialist visitors, including mountaineers, w
40、ho come to climb the technically difficult peaks, and fishermen, lured by the salmon and trout in the regions rivers.However, infrastructural development in these areas is limited. The ski resorts do not have as many lifts as their European counterparts and the poor quality of roads in the south mea
41、ns that only the most determined travellers see the best of the national parks.Air links between Chile and the rest of the world are, at present, relatively poor. While Chiles two largest airlines have extensive networks within South America, they operate only a small number of routes to the United
42、States and Europe, while services to Asia are almost non-existent.Internal transport links are being improved and luxury hotels are being built in one of its national parks. Nor is development being restricted to the Andes. Easter Island and Chiles Antarctic Territory are also on the list of areas w
43、here the Government believes it can create tourist markets.But the rush to open hitherto inaccessible areas to mass tourism is not being welcomed by everyone. Indigenous and environmental groups, including Greenpeace, say that many parts of the Andes will suffer if they become over-developed. There
44、is a genuine fear that areas of Chile will suffer the cultural destruction witnessed in Mexico and European resorts.The policy of opening up Antarctica to tourism is also politically sensitive. Chile already has permanent settlements on the ice and many people see the decision to allow tourists ther
45、e as a political move, enhancing Santiagos territorial claim over part of Antarctica.The Chilean Government has promised to respect the environment as it seeks to bring tourism to these areas. But there are immense commercial pressures to exploit the countrys tourism potential. The Government will h
46、ave to monitor developments closely if it is genuinely concerned in creating a balanced, controlled industry and if the price of an increasingly lucrative tourist market is not going to mean the loss of many of Chiles natural riches.（分数：5.00）(1).Chile is disadvantaged in the promotion of its tourism
47、 by（分数：1.00）A.geographical location.B.guerrilla warfare.C.political instability.D.street crim(2).Many of Chiles tourists used to come from EXCEPT（分数：1.00）A.U.S.B.the Far East.C.Western Europe.D.her neighbours.(3).According to the author, Chiles greatest attraction is（分数：1.00）A.the unspoilt beaches.B
48、.the dry and hot desert.C.the famous mountain range.D.the high standard of services.(4).According to the passage, in WHICH area improvement is already under way?（分数：1.00）A.Facilities in the ski resorts.B.Domestic transport system.C.Air services to Asia.D.Road network in the sout(5).The objection to
49、the development of Chiles tourism might be all EXCEPT that it（分数：1.00）A.is ambitious and unrealistic.B.is politically sensitive.C.will bring harm to culture.D.will cause pollution in the are八、TEXT C(总题数：1，分数：4.00)More than just a revolutionary tool for indexing, analyzing, or transmitting content, digital technology is actually reshaping the creation of ar
