1、专业八级-598 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、WRITING(总题数：5，分数：100.00)1.Practicality Matters?实用性说了算? According to a notice by the Ministry of Education, if the employment rate for graduates of a particular discipline is lower than 60% for two years in a row, if fewer students are admitted to the course, and
2、 if the employment rate continues to fall, the discipline concerned will be abolished. This notice spells disasters to courses such as philosophy and social sciences, because undergraduates of these disciplines usually struggle to fit into this materialistic and overly practical job market. What is
3、your opinion? Should the Ministry of Education determine the existence of a course or a discipline by the employment rate and enrollment rate? Write an essay of about 400 words. You should supply an appropriate title for your essay. （分数：20.00）_2.Cyber Language网络语言 Along with the widespread use of th
4、e Internet comes the cyber language, which arouses a bitter controversy. Experts denounce that cyber language is diluting the quality of Chinese language. Internet users, however, think that language is evolving all the time and rigid standards should not be enforced in the daily use of language. Wh
5、at is your view on this? Write an essay of about 400 words. You should supply an appropriate title for your essay. （分数：20.00）_3.Motivating Students by Materialistic Means以物质手段激励学生 A Professor from Beijing Normal University wrote in his micro-blog: “At the age of 40, if you do not have 40 million wor
6、th of assets, do not come back to see me and do not mention that you were my students.“ What do you think are the major reasons leading some professors to apply materialistic means to motivate their students? Write an essay of about 400 words. You should supply an appropriate title for your essay. （
7、分数：20.00）_4.Check Your Lineage Before You Apply在申请之前先查查你的门第 In recent years, in order to help children from countryside to fulfill their college dreams, several rounds of “Project of Realizing a Dream“ are launched across China. Quite many disadvantaged kids from countryside are blessed by this proj
8、ect and admitted to college. However, in the process of selecting college candidates, some universities go an “extra mile“ to make the requirement more stringent. For example, rural students whose families have no college graduates in the past THREE generations are prioritized in the list. What do y
9、ou think of this “extra“ requirement? Is it fair or reasonable? Write an essay of about 400 words. You should supply an appropriate title for your essay. （分数：20.00）_5.Sending Kids Abroad for Schooling送孩子到国外接受教育 According to a report, among 980 wealthy Chinese people with net assets of more than 60 m
10、illion yuan ($9.5 million) in 18 cities, about 14% of them said they had either already moved overseas or had applied to do so, and another 46% said they planned to emigrate within three years. When asked why, they all cited the higher-quality overseas education for their children as the reason. Wha
11、t“s your opinion? What do you think push Chinese parents to choose overseas education for their kids? Write an essay of about 400 words. You should supply an appropriate title for your essay. （分数：20.00）_专业八级-598 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、WRITING(总题数：5，分数：100.00)1.Practicality Matters?实用性说了算? Accor
12、ding to a notice by the Ministry of Education, if the employment rate for graduates of a particular discipline is lower than 60% for two years in a row, if fewer students are admitted to the course, and if the employment rate continues to fall, the discipline concerned will be abolished. This notice
13、 spells disasters to courses such as philosophy and social sciences, because undergraduates of these disciplines usually struggle to fit into this materialistic and overly practical job market. What is your opinion? Should the Ministry of Education determine the existence of a course or a discipline
14、 by the employment rate and enrollment rate? Write an essay of about 400 words. You should supply an appropriate title for your essay. （分数：20.00）_正确答案：()解析：范文 Practicality Is Not UniversalWhile it is true we are living in an increasingly materialistic world, it doesn“t mean that everything should be
15、 measured by the standard of practicality. In my opinion, the Ministry of Education“s decision on the existence, of certain disciplines based on practical concerns is not only lop-sided but also potentially harmful to the society. First of all, enrollment and employment rates do not reflect faithful
16、ly the prospect of a certain discipline. A simple example can be drawn from the rise and fail of the discipline of Information Technology. About a decade ago, with the popularization of personal computers in China, the IT industry suddenly became a heat for students. Thousands of students rushed int
17、o IT departments in the hope that they would secure a good job. However, the market soon saturated and in a few years“ time, both the enrollment and the employment rates of IT departments throughout China experienced a slump. Students who entered IT with high expectations were left jobless. Clearly,
18、 deciding the life or death of a discipline merely by its present enrollment and employment is somewhat arbitrary. Therefore, as experts in education, officials in the Ministry of Education should be more prudent in malting a decision. Secondly, abolishing unpopular disciplines such as social scienc
19、e because of the decreasing rates will not be beneficial to social development. The Ministry of Education appears shortsighted when it proposes to cancel disciplines like philosophy. Although science and engineering can produce immediate economic benefits, what matters after all is still the soft po
20、wer of a country. The 20 th century is called the century of America, not just because it is the richest country in the world, but more significantly because its culture touches every corner of the world. The promotion of American culture is a crucial factor in the rise of the America. If China is t
21、o secure its position in the international arena, it will have to produce distinct culture and philosophies. The lack of specialists in social science will make China a literal “world factory“ without soul. For the sustainable development of the Chinese society, the Ministry of Education should come
22、 up with measures to thrive social science, rather than abolishing it. To sum up, to decide whether a discipline should continue to exist simply by considering its enrollment and employment numbers is thoughtless and narrow-minded Students, who major in arts, might be disadvantaged players in the jo
23、b market, but they will be the solid foundation and soft power of China as a whole. 本题属于“表达看法型”论说文，涉及的题材是“文化教育”。该题要求考生就“教育部是否应该根据入学率和就业率来决定是否取消一门课或学科”提出个人的看法。按照题目的要求，可谋篇布局如下： 开头：指出教育部用“实用”来决定某些学科的存留，有失偏颇而且不利于社会发展。 主体：分两方面阐述原因。 1入学率和就业率并不能真实反映学科的发展前景。举信息技术专业的兴衰为例，十年前信息技术风靡一时，但近些年已逐渐饱和。 2因就业率和入学率下降就取消
24、诸如社会科学这样的学科不利于社会发展。国家要在世界上有一席之地。必须有软实力文化。因此，教育部不应因就业率和入学率下降而取消社会科学，反而应想方设法来繁荣之。 结尾：重申观点，单凭入学率和就业率来决定一个学科的存留是片面的。2.Cyber Language网络语言 Along with the widespread use of the Internet comes the cyber language, which arouses a bitter controversy. Experts denounce that cyber language is diluting the qualit
25、y of Chinese language. Internet users, however, think that language is evolving all the time and rigid standards should not be enforced in the daily use of language. What is your view on this? Write an essay of about 400 words. You should supply an appropriate title for your essay. （分数：20.00）_正确答案：(
26、)解析：范文 Don“t Say “No“ to Cyber LanguageDo you happen to know the meaning of “3Q“ (which means “thank you“)? How about “shen ma“ (literally “god-horse“)? If not, you are considered outdated and outside the communication circle. The popularity of cyber language, however, is not welcomed by the linguis
27、tic authorities, who vow to protect the purity of Chinese language. In my opinion, cyber language is not destroying the integrity of Chinese language, but spicing up the way people communicate with each other. For one thing, cyber language entails vivid expressions which are more approachable. Young
28、 people are usually fed up with the frozen textbook language. It is not attractive or vivid, contributing little to the closer tiers of people in conversation. On the contrary, cyber language opens doors for strangers and helps its users to establish a bond. It is catchy, trendy and above all lively
29、. Moreover, cyber language has its uniquely amusing way to release the pent-up emotion in the society. There was a time when commodity price was soaring, thus Internet users, coined a satirical expression “suan ni hen“ which means “Fine, you got me!“ In Chinese, “suan“ is also the pronunciation of t
30、he word “garlic“, so people subsequently adopt this expression to mock the unaffordable garlic. In this regard, it is fair to say that cyber language is a worthy vehicle, through which public emotion could be shared and felt instantaneously and vividly. For another thing, it is understandable that e
31、xperts worry cyber language might threaten the standard language. But language itself is just a tool for communication. Since cyber language can be widely understood by most people, there is no reason to get rid of it. Besides, no expert is authoritative enough to serve as a language judge. The only
32、 possible one is the common people who are using it. If one expression is accepted by the majority of people for a long time, the phrase will settle down as one item in the nation“s linguistic system. If not, it will come and go. According to a survey conducted in Shanghai, three fourths of universi
33、ty students are using cyber language at some point. Given a large population of cyber language consumers, we should not demonize cyber language. A better option would be to recognize it and guide it into proper use by explaining the differences between cyber language and standard language: In short,
34、 we should be more tolerant with cyber language, because it offers a colorful alternative to the standard language. Accepting the diversities and dynamics of language is more important than denying the fresh expressions. 本题属于“表达看法型”论说文，涉及的题材是“文化教育”。该题要求考生就网络语言的利弊提出意见。按照题目的要求，可谋篇布局如下： 开头：由两个常见的网络语言表达
35、入题，提出观点网络语言有其存在的价值。 主体：分两方面阐述。 1网络语言的作用：拉近人与人的关系；用有趣的方式来宣泄社会情感。把网络语言与教科书的语言进行比较；举“蒜你狠”的例子。 2回应题目的质疑。没有专家可以当语言的判官，网络语言的留存应该让使用语言的婆罗大众来决定。引用上海使用网络语言的调查数据。 结尾：重申观点，网络语言有存在的必要性，宜疏不宜堵。3.Motivating Students by Materialistic Means以物质手段激励学生 A Professor from Beijing Normal University wrote in his micro-blog:
36、 “At the age of 40, if you do not have 40 million worth of assets, do not come back to see me and do not mention that you were my students.“ What do you think are the major reasons leading some professors to apply materialistic means to motivate their students? Write an essay of about 400 words. You
37、 should supply an appropriate title for your essay. （分数：20.00）_正确答案：()解析：范文 When Masters Meet MaterialismThe micro-blog of a university professor judging students“ success by their wealth has recently stirred controversy. As far as I see it, the professor“s comment has everything to do with a materi
38、alistic world where both universities and students have to put possessions into their consideration. First and foremost, we should both realize and admit that we are living in a materialistic world. As the trend of commercialization progresses, the world we live in is increasingly featured by price
39、tags and financiat figures. When an entrepreneur like Steve Jobs passes away, people remember him not only for the state-of-the-art products he has created, but more importantly for the financial success he has achieved for his company. Imagine what people“s reactions might be if Jobs were jobless a
40、nd penniless. Probably, they would call him a dreamer, a good-for-nothing. Therefore, under this context of commercialization and materialization, university teachers would resort to materialistic means to motivate their students. Secondly, universities are no longer pure places for academic study s
41、ince universities themselves have already become highly materialistic. Nowadays, the quality of a university is not only judged by its academic achievement, but vitally by the employment status of its graduates. Whether a university can provide better career prospects for its students is as importan
42、t as whether its professors have published papers in academic journals. When universities are in fact money-oriented and spare no efforts to cater for the needs of the job market, it would be natural for the university teachers to measure their students“ success in terms of material gains. Finally,
43、university students are also so preoccupied by materialistic concerns that using money as means of motivation seems workable. More than ever, university students worry about their internships and how much money they can earn in the future. University students are no longer ambitious about being scho
44、lars. Instead, they want jobs that guarantee fmancial gains. One can easily know this by merely looking at the soaring enrolment numbers in business school and medical school each year. Students are desperate for money. It is not only something that keeps them alive, but also an important criterion
45、to determine whether they are successful in this materialized world Thus it is obviously more effective to use money as the “bait“ to motivate students, as they worship and pray for money. In a word, it is a tip in the iceberg for some professors to motivate students by means of money in this distin
46、ctly materialistic world. 本题属于“现象解释型”论说文，涉及的题材是“文化教育”。题目要求考生就“一些大学教授以物质手段激励学 生的成因”做出阐释。按照题目的要求，可谋篇布局如下： 开头：提出观点：该教授的观点与我们所处的物质化的世界息息相关。 主体：分三方面阐述。 1我们必须认识并且承认，我们生活在一个物质化的世界。举乔布斯的例子。在这种商业化和物质化的大环境下，大学老师就会使用物质化的手段来激励学生。 2大学不再是纯粹追求学术的地方，因为大学已经高度物质化了。大学现在看重就业率，大学日益趋利，想方设法迎合就业市场的需求。这样，大学教授自然会用物质所得来衡量学生的成
47、功。 3大学生也有很多物质上的考虑。每年商学院和医学院居高不下的录取人数可见学生也是趋利的。 结尾：该教授的观点是当今物质化世界里的冰山一角。4.Check Your Lineage Before You Apply在申请之前先查查你的门第 In recent years, in order to help children from countryside to fulfill their college dreams, several rounds of “Project of Realizing a Dream“ are launched across China. Quite many disadvantaged kids from countryside are blessed by this project and admitted to college. However, in the process of selecting college candidates, some universities go an
