1、专业八级-589 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、PART LISTENING COM(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、SECTION A MINI-LECTU(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Introduction to English Synonyms . The reason for the 1 of English language by constantly 2 words from other languages through centuries . The gradual incorporation of English words 1) before
2、 1066: 3 words 2) after 1066: words were 4 from French, connected with food, clothing, law, 5 and organization, etc. 3) in the Renaissance: a great influx of words of 6 origin 4) in modem times: the vocabulary were expanded by people“s 7 5) 8 vastly added to English vocabulary, e.g. jeep, railroad,
3、fall, gasoline etc. . 9 of synonyms 1) synonyms from 10 but referring to the same thing, e.g. foreword, preface, introduction 2) synonyms referring to 11 of the same kind of thing, e.g. plain, prairie, tundra 3) synonyms having different degree of 12 , e.g. teach, educate, instruct, school, tutor 4)
4、 synonyms implying different 13 among the participants, e.g. accompany, escort, attend 5) synonyms having different 14 of formality, e.g. luncheon vs lunch, go to bed vs hit the sack . Conclusion Correct choice of words is very important to the 15 expression. （分数：15.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空
5、项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_三、SECTION B INTERVIEW(总题数：2，分数：10.00)Now, listen to Part One of the interview. Questions 1 to 5 are based on Part One of the interview. （分数：5.00）A.Professional knowledge.B.Experience in the field.C.Curiosity about the intervi
6、ewees.D.Enthusiasm about the job.A.Because they were not journalists.B.Because they didn“t work hard enough.C.Because they got no talent.D.Because they lacked experience.A.Liking convincing other people.B.Liking writing stories.C.Liking meeting people and finding out about them.D.Liking presenting y
7、ourself on TV.A.A kind of ability to argue with people.B.A kind of affinity with people.C.A kind of ability to express yourself.D.A kind of ability to listen.A.Because he isn“t confident enough in himself.B.Because television interview is often more interesting than it actually is.C.Because he is to
8、o concentrated to be aware of the performance.D.Because television interview depends much on the way the director shoots it.Now, listen to Part Two of the interview. Questions 6 to 10 are based on Part Two of the interview. （分数：5.00）A.By communicating with them in advance.B.By asking thought-provoki
9、ng questions.C.By doing thorough researches into them in advance.D.By exuding a great sense of humor during the interview.A.“No.“B.“Yes.“C.“Yep.“D.“OK.“A.Knowing the written questions during the interview.B.Knowing what you want from yourself.C.Knowing the interviewee before the interview.D.Knowing
10、what you want from the interviewee.A.He always sticks to his list of questions.B.Sometimes interviewees would mention something he“s not thought about.C.He always lets the interviewee direct the flow of conversation.D.He doesn“t have a list of questions at all.A.It can be very boring sometimes.B.Tal
11、ent plays the most important role in the career.C.It“s a good job for young people with talent, ambition and energy.D.One has to pass several examinations to pursue a career like that.四、PART READING COMPR(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、SECTION A MULTIPLE-C(总题数：0，分数：0.00)六、PASSAGE ONE(总题数：1，分数：4.00)High in a smooth
12、 ocean of sky floated a dazzling, majestic sun. Fragments of powdery cloud, like spray flung from a wave crest, sprinkled the radiant, lake-blue heaven. Relaxed on a bundle of hay in a corner of a meadow bathed in sunlight, Paul lay dreaming. A gentle breeze was stirring the surrounding hedges; bees
13、 moved, humming thoughtfully, from scarlet poppy to purple thistle; a distant lark, invisible in blue light, was flooding the vast realm of the sky with glorious song, as the sun was flooding the earth with brilliance. Beyond the hedge a brook tinkled over softly-glowing pebbles. Butterflies hovered
14、 above nodding clover. An ant was busily exploring the uncharted territory of Paul“s suntanned wrist. A grasshopper skidded briskly over his ankle. And the blazing sun was steadily scorching his fair freckled face to bright lobster, red. Neither sun, nor grasshopper, nor ant, however, was able to ar
15、ouse him. Not even when a fly started crawling over his face did he open his eyes. For Paul was a thousand miles away, in a world of eternal snow and ice. Across the towering mountain range, a bitter gale was screaming furiously as with one hand he gripped a projecting knob of rock while with his ax
16、e he hacked out the next narrow foothold in the rock. As their infallible guide, he was leading his gallant party of climbers up a treacherous, vertical wall of rock towards the lofty peak above, hitherto unconquered by man. A single slip, however trivial, would probably result in death for all of t
17、hem. To his right he could glimpse the furrowed glacier sweeping towards the valley, but he was far too absorbed in his task to appreciate fully the scene around or even to be aware of a view of almost unearthly beauty. A sudden gust of wind nearly tore him from the ledge where he was perched. Gradu
18、ally he raised his foot, tested the new foothold on the sheer rock wall, transferred his weight, and signaled to the climbers below. Not until a tractor started working in the next field did he become conscious of his far from icy surroundings. He sat up, wiped his forehead with his handkerchief, gl
19、anced at his watch and sighed in resignation. He had a headache through sleeping in the hot sun, a pain in his shoulder from carrying his rucksack; his legs felt stiff and his feet ached. With no enthusiasm whatever he pulled the bulging rucksack over his shoulders and drew a large-scale map from hi
20、s pocket. At the far end of the meadow two slates in the wall, which at this point replaced the hedge, indicated a stile, and beyond he could faintly see a thin thread of path which dwindled and finally disappeared as it climbed the steep slope of the down, quivering in the glare of the sun. The who
21、le of Nature seemed to be luxuriating in warmth, sunshine and peace. Wherever he looked, leaves on twigs, grass blades, flower petals, all were sparkling in sunlight. Fifteen miles off, over the ridge, across a broad valley and then over a higher, even steeper range of hills lay the youth hostel: su
22、pper, company, a cool dip in the river. With a momentary intense longing for ice-axe, blizzard, glacier and heroic exploit (none of which was at all familiar to him), Paul strode off unwillingly to less dramatic but equally heroic achievement in the tropical heat of an English sun.（分数：4.00）(1).All o
23、f the following failed to wake Paul up EXCEPT the _.（分数：1.00）A.sunB.grasshopperC.flyD.tractor(2).What did the ant on Paul“s wrist feel about it?（分数：1.00）A.It was a new area for discovery.B.It was very large.C.It was very dangerous.D.It was unattractive.(3).All of the following are similarities betwe
24、en Paul“s dream and the journey ahead of him EXCEPT that _.（分数：1.00）A.they both demanded skill and courageB.the weather conditions in both were extremeC.they both could offer worthwhile viewsD.they both involved hardship(4).Which category of writing does the passage belong to?（分数：1.00）A.Narration.B.
25、Description.C.Persuasion.D.Exposition.七、PASSAGE TWO(总题数：1，分数：3.00)The need for a satisfactory education is more important than ever before. Nowadays, without a qualification from a reputable school or university, the odds of landing that plum job advertised in the paper are considerably shortened. M
26、oreover, one“s present level of education could fall well short of future career requirements. It is no secret that competition is the driving force behind the need to obtain increasingly higher qualifications. In the majority of cases, the urge to upgrade is no longer the result of an insatiable th
27、irst for knowledge. The pressure is coming from within the workplace to compete with ever more qualified job applicants, and in many occupations one must now battle with colleagues in the reshuffle for the position one already holds. Striving to become better educated is hardly a new concept. Wealth
28、y parents have always been willing to spend the vast amounts of extra money necessary to send their children to schools with a perceived educational edge. Working adults have long attended night schools and refresher courses. Competition for employment has been around since the curse of working for
29、a living began. Is the present situation so very different to that of the past? The difference now is that the push is universal and from without as well as within. A student at secondary school receiving low grades is no longer as easily accepted by his or her peers as was once the case. Similarly,
30、 in the workplace, unless employees are engaged in part-time study, they may be frowned upon by their employers and peers and have difficulty even standing still. In fact, in these cases, the expectation is for careers to go backwards and earning capacity to take an appreciable nosedive. At first gl
31、ance, the situation would seem to be laudablea positive response to the exhortation by a former Prime Minister, Bob Hawke, for Australia to become the “clever country“. Yet there are serious ramifications according to at least one educational psychologist. Dr. Brendan Gatsby has caused some controve
32、rsy in academic circles by suggesting that a bias towards what he terms “paper“ excellence might cause more problems than it is supposed to solve. Gatsby raises a number of issues that affect the individual as well as society in general. Firstly, he believes the extra workload involved is resulting
33、in abnormally high stress levels in both students at secondary school and adults studying after working hours. Secondly, skills which might be more relevant to the undertaking of a sought-after job are being overlooked by employers interviewing candidates without qualifications on paper. These two a
34、reas of concern for the individual are causing physical and emotional stress respectively. Gatsby also argues that there are attitudinal changes within society to the exalted role education now plays in determining how the spoils of working life are distributed. Individuals of all ages are being dri
35、ven by social pressures to achieve academic success solely for monetary considerations instead of for the joy of enlightenment. There is the danger that some universities are becoming degree factories with an attendant drop in standards. Furthermore, our education system may be rewarding doggedness
36、above creativitythe very thing Australians have been encouraged to avoid. But the most undesirable effect of this academic paper chase, Gatsby says, is the disadvantage “user pays“ higher education confers on the poor, who invariably lose out to the more financially favored. Naturally, although ther
37、e is agreement that learning can cause stress, Gatsby“s comments regarding university standards have been roundly criticized as alarmist by most educationists who point out that, by any standard of measurement, Australia“s education system overall, at both secondary and tertiary levels, is equal to
38、that of any in the world.（分数：3.00）(1).What can be inferred about today“s employees in the workplace according to the passage?（分数：1.00）A.They seldom do part-time study.B.They may have trouble with work without further study.C.They usually do not get along well with one another.D.They often flown due
39、to the pressure from work.(2).Gatsby considers enthusiastic pursuit of higher qualifications as _.（分数：1.00）A.beneficialB.necessaryC.harmfulD.reasonable(3).Undesirable consequences of ever-going pursuit of higher qualifications include all the following EXCEPT _.（分数：1.00）A.lower education qualityB.le
40、ss creativity of studentsC.higher stress levelsD.higher pays for education八、PASSAGE THREE(总题数：1，分数：4.00)It takes a while, as you walk around the streets of Nantes, a city of half a million people on the banks of the Loire River, to realize just what it is that is odd. Then you get it: There are empt
41、y parking lots, which is highly unusual in big French towns. Two decades of effort to make life more livable by dissuading people from driving into town has made Nantes a beacon for other European cities seeking to shake dependence on the automobile. The effects were clear recently during Mobility W
42、eek, a campaign sponsored by the European Union that prompted more than 1,000 towns across the Continent to test ways of making their streets, if not car-free, at least manageable. “That is an awfully difficult problem,“ acknowledges Joel Crawford, an author and leader of the “car free“ movement pic
43、king up adherents all over Europe. “You can“t take cars out of cities until there is some sort of alternative in place. But there are a lot of forces pointing in the direction of a major reduction in car use, like the rise in fuel prices, and concerns about global warming.“ Last week, proclaiming th
44、e slogan “In Town, Without My Car!“ hundreds of cities closed off whole chunks of their centers to all but essential traffic. Nantes closed just a few streets, preferring to focus on alternatives to driving so as to promote “Clever Commuting,“ the theme of this year“s EU campaign. Volunteers pedaled
45、 rickshaws along the cobbled streets, charging passengers $1.20 an hour; bikes were available for free; and city workers encouraged children to walk to school along routes supervised by adults acting as Pied Pipers and picking up kids at arranged stops. The centerpiece is a state-of-the-art tramway
46、providing service to much of the town, and a network of free, multistory parking lots to encourage commuters to “park and ride.“ Rene Vincendo, a retired hospital worker waiting at one such parking lot for his wife to return from the city center, is sold. “To go into town, this is brilliant,“ he say
47、s. “I never take my car in now.“ It is not cheap, though. Beyond the construction costs, City Hall subsidizes fares to the tune of 60 million euros ($72 million) a year, making passengers pay only 40 percent of operating costs. That is the only way to draw people onto trams and buses, says de Rugy,
48、since Nantes, like many European cities, is expanding, and commuters find themselves with ever-longer distances to travel. The danger, he warns, is that “the further you go down the route of car dependence, the harder it is to return, because so many shops, schools and other services are built beyon
49、d the reach of any financially feasible public-transport network.“ This, adds de Rugy, means that “transport policy is only half the answer. Urban planners and transport authorities have to work hand in hand to ensure that services are provided close to transport links.“ The carrot-and-stick approach that Nantes h
