1、专业八级-587 (1)及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、PART LISTENING COM(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、SECTION A MINI-LECTU(总题数：1，分数：10.00)The Audience. Definition of audience 1) viewers of movies and TV shows 2) listeners of radio programs 3) 1 of written materials in discussions of writing activities . Analyze your audience
2、s in terms of three factors 1) Your social relations to them Through writing, you are 2 with other members of the society. 2) Their 3 about your subject This analysis is particularly valuable in 4 writing. 3) Their 5 to the subject and your position in the writing This analysis is extremely importan
3、t in 6 writing. . Three groups of audiences 1) To those who agree: 7 the importance of your position 2) To those who are 8 : address their doubts and concerns as directly and fully as possible 3) To those who disagree, try to find out why they disagree For a 9 of information: give them relevant info
4、rmation as accurately as possible For personal, political and 10 reasons: show your understanding of them and address them accordingly （分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_三、SECTION B INTERVIEW(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At th
5、e end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview. （分数：5.00）(1).The interview is mainly about _.（分数：1.00）A.how to select universities in the UKB.living in the UK for studentsC.living in the UK for immigrantsD.how to find j
6、obs in the UK(2).According to George Allen, tuition fees mostly depend on _.（分数：1.00）A.the university students“ own choiceB.the location of the universityC.the type of courses students takeD.the teaching facilities of the university(3).What can we learn from George Allen?（分数：1.00）A.The food is rathe
7、r boring and uninteresting.B.The food without spices is very excellent.C.Local pubs often serve the cheapest food.D.Coffee shops are much more common in the UK.(4).Which place has the best nightlife in Britain according to George Allen?（分数：1.00）A.LondonB.ManchesterC.BirminghamD.southwest of England(
8、5).People can get information about the UK from the following EXCEPT _.（分数：1.00）A.guide booksB.InternetC.the British CouncilD.the university accommodation office四、SECTION C NEWS BROAD(总题数：3，分数：5.00)Questions 6 to 7 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 se
9、conds to answer the questions. Now listen to the news. （分数：2.00）(1).Which of the following statements is CORRECT according to the news?（分数：1.00）A.Childhood obesity rates today are at least three times more than those in 1980.B.Obesity rates have exceeded 25 percent in 30 states.C.Obesity rates have
10、reached 30 percent in 31 states.D.Obesity rates are above 30 percent in 49 states.(2).According to the news item, obesity may result from the following EXCEPT _.（分数：1.00）A.stressB.anxietyC.depressionD.nutritious foodsQuestions 8 to 9 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you
11、will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions. Now listen to the news. （分数：2.00）(1).After the global financial crisis broke out, it was predicted that _.（分数：1.00）A.the times of Wall Street would come to an endB.the US financial system would be greatly reducedC.the financial industry in U.S. would
12、n“t be influenced badlyD.the US government would lose several hundred billion dollars(2).What is the main message of the news item?（分数：1.00）A.The financial institution regained confidence in the global economy.B.The financial industry in America is coming back to stability.C.The US is still the bigg
13、est economy in the world.D.The role of Wall Street won“t change for a long time.1.Question 10 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question. Now listen to the news. According to the news item, about how many high school graduates are
14、 there this year?（分数：1.00）A.Fewer than 3 million.B.Fewer than 5 million.C.Fewer than 7 million.D.Fewer than 10 million.五、PART READING COMPR(总题数：0，分数：0.00)六、TEXT A(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Why should Native American students be allowed to have specially adapted educational programs, and what is so different abo
15、ut their learning motivation, compared to that of the Anglo majority? Native American students, whether young or old, learn by applying principles and skills to their daily lives. In order for these students to learn a skill, or subject, they must first understand how it relates to their everyday li
16、fe, and how it can help them to stay upon a strong spiritual path. Learning for Native American students, is not motivated by better grades, or awards, but by the success that it will afford them in future, so when learning environment do not address, or even take into consideration, the cultural, a
17、nd spiritual differences of the Native American students, future success in life becomes an elusive and unattainable goal. Educational programs for Native American students need to be practical, applicable, and culturally based. The Native American population“s educational motivation, as a whole, is
18、 more focused on the future utilization of lessons and skills learned, and the benefit that will be given back to the Native American community. As each individual succeeds educationally, they become a model for others, and give hope that the Native American way of life will continue. Unlike the maj
19、ority of Anglo children, for which our current academic models were forged, Native American children suffer from cultural exclusion and identity crises, racism, poverty and isolation, poor role models, familial instability and abuse, poor mental, physical, and emotional health, as well as anonymity.
20、 Native American students, primarily those in grades K-12, can be categorized as dangerously “at risk“. The cultural hurdles , compounded by those thrown at them educationally, cause many Native American students to drop out, abuse drugs and alcohol, and/or commit crimes to medicate and alleviate th
21、eir inability to cope with seemingly insurmountable obstacles. Native American youths have long been at a disadvantage, with regard to post-secondary education, primarily because if a youth does succeed in graduating high school, it is usually by attending a non-Native American program. This limits
22、their ability to interact and succeed in an atmosphere whose predominant cultural alignment is white. While Tuba City High School, which addresses rural, reservation, and isolated students, has been quite successful in raising test scores, graduating more students, keeping substance abuse and teen p
23、regnancy low, it has not provided the Native American youth an opportunity to learn and interact with the white culture that surrounds them. But what of the urban Native American students? What can we do for them? We can make room for alternative programs specifically designed for the Native America
24、n students programs that will address the need to acclimate these students to urban life and white culture gradually, so that they can develop the skills and education necessary to succeed in a diverse and alien culture. It cannot be stressed enough, that the first, and most important, skill that we
25、 must impart to the Native American students is how to live and exist in a foreign culture, while maintaining, a solid identity with their own. We must stop trying to fit the Native American youth into the cultural mold of white society, and allow them to live and learn according to their own cultur
26、ally specific applications and values, and prepare for academic and personal life beyond the reservation.（分数：5.00）(1).We can learn from paragraph 2 that for Native American students _.（分数：1.00）A.everyone has to learn skills useful to their daily livesB.learning is motivated by scores and awardsC.suc
27、cess is the only motivation for their learningD.the current educational programs are quite practical and applicable(2).The word “hurdles“ (Line 4, Para. 3 ) most probably means _.（分数：1.00）A.handlesB.obstaclesC.gapsD.disadvantages(3).According to the text, what“s the problem of Native American youths
28、 in non-Native schools?（分数：1.00）A.Difficulty in raising test scores.B.Being isolated by others.C.Lack of the ability to interact with the white culture.D.Being conservative.(4).What is the author“s suggestion on helping Native American students?（分数：1.00）A.Design special alternative programs for them
29、.B.Teach them how to adapt to urban life and white culture.C.Teach them how to reject their own culture.D.Fit them completely into the cultural mold of white society.(5).What“s the author“s attitude toward Native American students?（分数：1.00）A.Indifferent.B.Sympathetic.C.Disappointed.D.Pessimistic.七、T
30、EXT B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)In sixteenth-century Italy and eighteenth-century France, waning prosperity and increasing social unrest led the ruling families to try to preserve their superiority by withdrawing from the lower and middle classes behind barriers of etiquette. In a prosperous community, on the o
31、ther hand, polite society soon absorbs the newly rich, and in England there has never been any shortage of books on etiquette for teaching them the manners appropriate to their new way of life. Every code of etiquette has contained three elements: basic moral duties; practical rules which promote ef
32、ficiency; and artificial, optional graces such as formal compliments to, say, women on their beauty or superiors on their generosity and importance. In the first category are consideration for the weak and respect for age. Among the ancient Egyptians the young always stood in the presence of older p
33、eople. Among the Mponguwe of Tanzania, the young men bow as they pass the huts of the elders. In England, until about a century ago, young children did not sit in their parents“ presence without asking permission. Practical rules are helpful in such ordinary occurrences of social life as making prop
34、er introductions at parties or other functions so that people can be brought to know each other. Before the invention of the fork, etiquette directed that the fingers should be kept as clean as possible; before the handkerchief came into common use, etiquette suggested that, after spitting, a person
35、 should rub the spit inconspicuously underfoot. Extremely refined behavior, however, cultivated as an art of gracious living, has been characteristic only of societies with wealth and leisure, which admitted women as the social equals of men. After the fall of Rome, the first European society to reg
36、ulate behavior in private life in accordance with a complicated code of etiquette was twelfth-century Province, in France. Province had become wealthy. The lords had returned to their castles from the crusades, and there the ideals of chivalry grew up, which emphasized the virtue and gentleness of w
37、omen and demanded that a knight should profess a pure and dedicated love to a lady who would be his inspiration, and to whom he would dedicate his valiant deeds, though he would never come physically close to her. This was the introduction of the concept of romantic love, which was to influence lite
38、rature for many hundreds of years and which still lives on in a debased form in simple popular songs and cheap novels today. In Renaissance Italy too, in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries, a wealthy and leisured society developed an extremely complex code of manners, but the rules of behavior o
39、f fashionable society had little influence on the daily life of the lower classes. Indeed many of the rules, such as how to enter a banquet room, or how to use a sword or handkerchief for ceremonial purposes, were irrelevant to the way of life of the average working man, who spent most of his life o
40、utdoors or in his own poor hut and most probably did not have a handkerchief, certainly not a sword, to his name. Yet the essential basis of all good manners does not vary. Consideration for the old and weak and the avoidance of harming or giving unnecessary offence to others is a feature of all soc
41、ieties everywhere and at all levels from the highest to the lowest. You can easily think of dozens of examples of customs and habits in your own daily life which come under this heading.（分数：5.00）(1).One characteristic of the rich classes of a declining society is their tendency to _.（分数：1.00）A.prese
42、rve their superiorityB.retreat from the awkward positionC.produce publications on mannersD.change the laws of etiquette(2).Which of the following is NOT mentioned as an element of the code of etiquette?（分数：1.00）A.Basic moral duties.B.Practical rules.C.Artificial and optional graces.D.Generosity and
43、contribution.(3).Etiquette as an art of gracious living is quoted as a feature of _.（分数：1.00）A.EgyptB.18th century FranceC.Renaissance ItalyD.England(4).According to the author, a knight should _.（分数：1.00）A.inspire his lady to perform valiant deedsB.perform deeds which would inspire romantic songsC.
44、express his love for his lady from a distanceD.regard his lady as strong and independent(5).Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?（分数：1.00）A.About a century ago, children in England could not sit beside their parents without permission.B.In Renaissance Italy, complex code of manners had no
45、effect on common people.C.In Renaissance Italy, common working men lived in poor conditions.D.Consideration for the old and weak is still one of the fundamental elements of all good manners.八、TEXT C(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Eliot“s interested in poetry in about 1902 with the discovery of Romantic. He had recal
46、led how he was initiated into poetry by Edward Fitzgerald“s Omar Khayyam at the age of fourteen. “It was like a sudden conversion,“ he said, an “overwhelming introduction to a new world of feeling.“ From then on, till about his twentieth year of age (1908), he took intensive courses in Byron, Shelle
47、y, Keats, Tennyson, Rossetti and Swinburne. It is, no doubt, a period of keen enjoyment.At this period, the poem, or the poetry of a single poet, invades the youthful consciousness and assume complete possession for a time.The frequent result is an outburst of scribbling which we may call imitation.
48、It is not deliberate choice of a poet to mimic, but writing under a kind of daemonic possession by one poet. Thus, the young Eliot started his career with a mind preoccupied by certain romantic poets. His imitative scribbling survives in the Harvard Eliot Collection, a part of which is published as
49、Poems Written in Early Youth. “A Lyric“ (1905), written at Smith Academy and Eliot“s first poem ever shown to another“s eye, is a straightforward and spontaneous overflow of a simple feeling. Modeled on Ben Johnson, the poem expresses a conventional theme, and can be summarized in a single sentence: since time and space are limited, let us love while we can. The he
