1、专业八级-585 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、PART LISTENING COM(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、SECTION A MINI-LECTU(总题数：1，分数：15.00)People usually communicate by spoken and written language, yet they can also communicate without 1 and this kind of communication often is more important than getting the content of the messa
2、ge across. Body language falls into this category of communication. . Need for body language 1) When connecting with a person, we have to make it clear how the content of a spoken message needs to be 2 . And how we do this tells something about 3 between people. 2) Often 4 are inadequate for this pu
3、rpose, and therefore we use body language. e.g. looking someone in the eyes means something 5 than not looking someone in the eyes. . Functions and features of body language 1) Body language decides to a large extent 6 of our communication, and therefore we should learn to use our body language for
4、a purpose learn to understand and 7 body language of others. 2) How we can explain body language depends on situation culture relationship we have with the person 8 of the other. 3) Body language is interlinked with spoken language a whole pattern of 9 from a person. 4) Body language signs can 10 ea
5、ch other to make a meaning clear strengthen the meaning of what we communicate. 5) Some groups have developed a whole specific body language which can be very 11 in its meaning and is used to communicate where the use of words may be difficult or dangerous. . Specific use of body language 1) Body la
6、nguage is used especially to express feelings. People may give out double messages: one message in words and an 12 message in body language. Most people believe more steadily their impression of how a person acts through body language than what is said through words. People tend to 13 the spoken wor
7、ds if they do not correspond with the body language. 2) How we come across to someone is decided only for a small part by the words we speak but for a large part by our body language. To leave a good 14 , it is important for us to know and control our body language. The person on the receiving end o
8、f our body language will have a feeling or impression difficult to describe, which is called 15 . （分数：15.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_三、SECTION B INTERVIEW(总题数：2，分数：10.00)Now, listen to Part One of the interview. Question
9、s l to 5 are based on Part One of the interview. （分数：5.00）A.Three months.B.Almost a year.C.Half a year.D.Three years.A.I“m happy.B.I felt sad and depressed.C.I enjoyed my life.D.Only yes or no.A.54 seconds.B.45 seconds.C.40.5 seconds.D.14.5 seconds.A.It is an architectural phrase.B.It is an ancient
10、phrase.C.It is an accidental phrase.D.It is an archaic phrase.A.Almost none of these people are directly affected by the hurricane.B.It“s surprising that people would react strongly to Katrina.C.Their happiness dipped down for a month or two.D.Their happiness didn“t come back to normal.Now, listen t
11、o Part Two of the interview. Questions 6 to 10 are based on Part Two of the interview. （分数：5.00）A.It shows that people all over the world care about Pakistan.B.It demonstrates earthquake“s huge influence.C.It doesn“t make any sense because the survey results aren“t justified.D.It makes sense because
12、 everyone cares about other human beings.A.Sociologists and scholars.B.Scholars and scientists.C.Economists and others.D.Scientists and sociologists.A.Positive.B.Negative.C.Indifferent.D.Ambiguous.A.It means life is influenced by people“s feeling of happiness.B.It means people“s feeling of happiness
13、 usually dips after news events.C.It means the happiness goes back to normal after a while.D.It means the happiness depends on how well one“s life is going.A.Kimball“s group has enough money for further research.B.Kimball“s group wants to stop their research.C.The current funding of Kimball“s group
14、lasts through September.D.The current funding of Kimball“s group will last through next September.四、PART READING COMPR(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、SECTION A MULTIPLE-C(总题数：0，分数：0.00)六、PASSAGE ONE(总题数：1，分数：3.00)To keep the wheels of industry, we manufacture consumer goods in endless quantities, and, in the proce
15、ss, are rapidly exhausting our resources. But this is only half the problem. What do we do with manufactured products when they are worn out? They must be disposed of, but how and where? Unsightly junkyards full of rusting automobiles already surround every city in the nation. Americans throw away 8
16、0 billion bottles and cans each year, enough to build more than ten stacks to the moon. There isn“t room for much more waste, and yet the factories grind on. They cannot stop because everyone wants a job. Our standard of living, one of the highest in the world, requires the consumption of manufactur
17、ed products in ever-increasing amounts. Man, about to be buried in his own waste, is caught in a vicious cycle. Only 100 years ago man lived in harmony with nature. There weren“t so many people then and their wants were fewer. Whatever wastes were produced could be absorbed by nature and were soon c
18、overed over. Today this harmonious relationship is threatened by man“s lack of foresight and planning, and by his carelessness and greed, for man is slowly poisoning his environment. Pollution is a “dirty“ word. To pollute means to contaminateto spoil something by introducing impurities which make i
19、t unfit or unclear to use. Pollution comes in many forms. We see it, we smell it, taste it, drink it, and stumble through it. We literally live in and breathe pollution, and, not surprisingly, it is beginning to threaten our health, our happiness, and our very civilization. Once we thought of pollut
20、ion as meaning simply smogthe choking, stinging, dirty air that hovers over cities. But air pollution, while it is still the most dangerous, is only one type of contamination among several which attack the most basic life function. Through the uncontrolled use of insecticides, man has polluted the l
21、and, killing the wildlife. By dumping sewage and chemical into rivers and lakes, we have contaminated our drinking water. We are polluting the oceans, too, killing the fish and thereby depriving ourselves of an invaluable food supply. Part of the problem is our exploding population. More and more pe
22、ople produce more wastes. But this problem is intensified by our “throw-away“ technology. Each year American dispose of 7 million autos, 20 million tons of waste paper, 25 million pounds of toothpaste tubes and 48 million cans. We throw away gum wrappers, newspapers, and paper plates. It is no longe
23、r fashionable to reuse anything. Today almost everything is disposable. Instead of repairing a toaster or a radio, it is easier and cheaper to buy a new one and discard the old, even though 95 percent of its parts may still be functioning. Baby diapers, which used to be made of cloth and now have di
24、sposable substitutes: “Wear it once and throw it away,“ will be the slogan of the fashion conscious. Where is this all to end? Are we turning the world into a gigantic dump, or is there hope that we can solve the pollution problem? Fortunately, solutions are in sight. A few of them are positively in
25、genious. Take the problem of discarded automobiles, for instance. Each year over 40,000 of them are abandoned in New York City alone. Eventually the discards end up in a junkyard. But cars are too bulky to ship as scrap to a steel mill. They must first be flattened. This is done in a giant compresso
26、r which can reduce a Cadillac to the size of a television set in a matter of minutes. Any leftover scrap metal is mixed with concrete and made into exceptionally strong bricks that are used in buildings and bridges. Man“s ingenuity has come to his rescue. What about water pollution? More and more ci
27、ties are building sewage-treatment plants. Instead of being dumped into a nearby river or lake, sewage is sent through a system of underground pipes to a giant tank where the water is separated from the solid material called sludge. The sludge can be converted into fertilizer, and can also be made i
28、nto bricks. Controlling air pollution is another crucial objective. Without food, man can live about five weeks; without water, about five days. Without air, he can only live five minutes, so pure air is a must. Here the wrongdoer is the automobile. Where there is a concentration of automobiles, as
29、in our big cities, air pollution is severe. It is important to see that our cars are equipped with pollution-control devices. Such devices effectively reduce the harmful gases emitted from the engine. Power plants, factories, and apartment buildings can also avoid air pollution. When possible they s
30、hould use clean fuels like gas and oil. And the smokestacks of these buildings should be equipped with filters and other smoke-reduction devices. Can we eliminate pollution altogether? Probably not. Modem man pollutes with everything he does, so total elimination would require drastic measures. Ever
31、y power plant would have to shut down. Industries would have to close. We would have to leave all our automobiles in the garage. Every bus and truck and airplane would have to stop running. There would be no way to bring food to the cities. There would be no heat and light. Under these conditions, o
32、ur population would die in a short time. Since such a drastic solution is impossible, we must employ determined public action. We can reduce pollution, even if we can“t eliminate it altogether. But everyone must do his part. We can have a clean world; we can do something. The choice is up to you.（分数
33、：3.00）(1).Which of the following statement is NOT a cause of pollution mentioned in the passage?（分数：1.00）A.Population explosion.B.Too much consumption.C.It is out-dated to reuse things.D.High unemployment rate.(2).Which of the following statements is NOT a suggested solution to water pollution?（分数：1
34、.00）A.Building sewage-treatment plants.B.Strict restriction on the discharge of polluted water to rivers or lakes nearby.C.Using gigantic tanks to separate solid materials from water.D.Setting up underground sewage system to purify water.(3).What does this passage mainly address?（分数：1.00）A.The sever
35、ity of pollution nowadays.B.Pollution and its solution.C.Universal concern over environment.D.Consumption and pollution.七、PASSAGE TWO(总题数：1，分数：4.00)“When I direct Shakespeare,“ theatrical innovator Peter Sellars once said, “the first thing I do is go to the text for cuts. I go through to find the pa
36、ssages that are real heavy, that really are not needed, places where the language has become obscure, places where there is a bizarre detour. And then I take those moments, those elements, and I make them the centerpiece, the core of the production.“ In the sober matter of staging Shakespeare, such
37、audaciousness is hard to resistthough a lot of Chicago theatre-goers have been able to. Typically, a third of the people who have been showing up at the Goodman Theatre to see Sellars“ ingenious reworking of The Merchant of Venice have been walking out before the evening is over. It“s no mystery, wh
38、y? The evening isn“t over for nearly four hours. Beyond that, the production pretty much upends everything the audience has come to expect from one of Shakespeare“s most troubling but reliable entertaining comedies. The play has been transplanted from the teeming, multicultural world of 15th century
39、 Venice, Italy, to the teeming, multicultural world of 1994 Venice Beach, California, where Sellars lives when he isn“t setting Don Giovanni in Spanish Harlem, putting King Lear in a Lincoln Continental or deconstructing other classic plays and operas. Shylock, along with the play“s other Jews, is b
40、lack. Antonio, the merchant of the title, and his kinsmen are Latinos. Portia, the wealthy maiden being wooed by Antonio“s friend Bassanio, is Asian. But the racial shuffling is just one of Sellars“ liberties. The stage is furnished with little but office furniture, while video screens simulcast the
41、 actors in close-up during their monologues, (and, in between, display seemingly unrelated Southern Califomia scene, from gardens and swimming pools to the L. A. riots). Cries of anguish come from the clowns, and the playfully romantic final scene, in which Portia teases Bassanio for giving away her
42、 ring to the lawyer she played in disguise, is re-imagined as the darkest, most poisonously unsettling passage in the play. Some of this seems to be sheer perversity, but the real shock of Sellars“ production is how well it works both theatrically and thematically. The racial casting, for instance,
43、is a brilliant way of defusing the play“s anti- Semitismturning it into a metaphor for prejudice and materialism in all its forms. Paul Butler is a hardhearted ghetto businessman who, even when he is humiliated at the end, never loses his cool or stoops for pity. Wrongheaded and tortuous as this Mer
44、chant sometimes is, the updating is witty and apt. The “news of the Rialto“ becomes fodder for a pair of gossip reporters on a happy-talk TV newscast. Shylock“s trial is presided over by a mumbling, superannuated judge who could have stepped fight out of Court TV. With a few exceptions Elaine Tse“s
45、overwrought Portia, for instancethe actors strike a nice balance between Shakespeare“s poetry and Sellars“ stunt driving. For the rest of us, it“s a wild ride.（分数：4.00）(1).What“s the main topic of the passage?（分数：1.00）A.The Merchant of Venice adapted by Sellars.B.Success of the newly performed The M
46、erchant of Venice.C.Peter Sellars“s artistic style.D.The shooting of Shakespeare“s The Merchant of Venice.(2).When directing Shakespeare, Sellars usually _ the original texts.（分数：1.00）A.selects the key moments inB.abridgesC.completely changesD.keeps(3).What can be inferred about Sellars“s The Mercha
47、nt of Venice?（分数：1.00）A.The adaptation is awkward and meaningless.B.It is popular with Chicago theater-goers.C.It is not favored by the audience.D.It meets the audience“s expectation.(4).It can be concluded from the passage that Shakespeare“s original text of The Merchant of Venice _.（分数：1.00）A.is m
48、uch more difficult to understandB.is always clear in languageC.presents a negative viewpoint towards the SemiticsD.is not as popular as his tragedies八、PASSAGE THREE(总题数：1，分数：4.00)Since ancient times it has been known that your word is a cause set in motion. In fact, the universe itself is claimed to have emanated from a single primordial sound. In the science of yoga, it is believed that certain Sanskrit words, known as mantras, can bring about magical results, thus you can secure abundance with a certain mantra, peace with another, and so on. On a more practical level, your word sti
