1、专业八级-560 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、PART LISTENING COM(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、SECTION A(总题数：1，分数：10.00)The PyramidsSome of the most interesting buildings in the world are the pyramids. The pyramids stand huge and silent, and in modem days, people look at them and wonder, “Who built them? Why? When? What
2、is inside? How did they do it?“Thousands of years ago in Egypt, kings built the pyramids.They used to build them as (1) . The kings thought the pyramids would help them find life after (2) , and join Ra in his journeys (3) the sky. They also wanted the world to remember them as important people. Som
3、e pyramids were found by thieves who in fact found their way into the pyramids and into most of the pharaohs tombs. The tombs were still full of treasure.There are many pyramids along the (4) River. The (5) is the pyramid of Khufu. It is made of 2, 300, 000 huge (6) , most of them higher than a pers
4、on. It is about 144 meters high. Inside the pyramid are the burial rooms for the king and queen and long passageways to these rooms. The rest of the pyramid is solid stone.Workers usually built the pyramids when the flood began in (7) and they could not work on their farms. To build the pyramid of K
5、hufu, 100, 000 men worked for twenty years.We know there were wonderful treasures in the pyramids. Robbers went into the pyramids and took many of these treasures. Today some of the treasures are in museums, though.How did the people of ancient days build the pyramids? How did they carry and lift th
6、e huge stones? Each stone fit so well and they didnt have our modem machines! The ancient (8) in Egyptian tombs give us some ideas. The workers used (9) , levers and rollers to move stones. Besides the Egyptian pyramids, there are also great pyramids in (10) which were used for human sacrifice and d
7、ifferent from Egyptian tombs in shape and other aspects.（分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_三、SECTION B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)(1).Where does the conversation take place?（分数：1.00）A.In the student recreation center.B.In the campus dining hall.C.In the university boo
8、kstore.D.In a classroom.(2).How does the woman plan to spend her evening?（分数：1.00）A.Studying.B.Preparing snacks.C.Playing cards.D.Learning how to play bridg(3).What will the woman probably do if she is the dummy?（分数：1.00）A.Watch her player.B.Play her cards in cooperation with her partner.C.Quit the
9、game.D.Teach the man how to play bridg(4).What does the man warn the woman not to do?（分数：1.00）A.Miss her card game.B.Stay up too late.C.Take too heavy a work load next semester.D.Neglect her studies to play bridg(5).Why doesnt the man accept the womans offer?（分数：1.00）A.He already knows how to play.B
10、.He doesnt like to play games.C.He doesnt have a partner.D.He doesnt have enough free tim四、SECTION C(总题数：2，分数：5.00)Questions 6 and 7 are based on the following news from the BBC. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer each question. Now listen to the news.（分数：2.00）(1).Wh
11、ich player did Michael Chang defeat in the 3rd set _.（分数：1.00）A.Jim CourierB.Andre MedvedevC.Magnus LarsenD.Jan Seimerink(2).Which of the following players was once two time French Open Champion?（分数：1.00）A.Michael Chang.B.Pete Sampras.C.Sergei Brugera.D.Jacob HasiQuestions 8 to 10 are based on the f
12、ollowing news from the VOA. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer each question. Now listen to the news.（分数：3.00）(1).The U.S. Space Agency NASA says _ orbiting Mir space station has lost its primary and backup oxygen sources.（分数：1.00）A.AmericasB.BritainsC.RussiasD.Japan
13、s(2).If the problem is not fixed, _.（分数：1.00）A.the 3 - member crew would have to dieB.the 5 - member crew would have to dieC.the 5 - member crew would have to abort the missionD.the 3 - member crew would have to abort the mission(3).Mirs two primary sources of oxygen have stopped working and now _ o
14、f oxygen inside Mirs cabin.（分数：1.00）A.there is little supplyB.there is still enough supplyC.there is several days supplyD.there is only two days supply五、PART READING COMPR(总题数：0，分数：0.00)六、TEXT A(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Robots have been the stuff of popular culture for so long that we think of them mostly as a
15、 fun. In the next decade they will finally become practical beyond factory assembly lines. Granted, they wont perform the wonderous stunts they do in movies;the first generation of “real“ robots may seem a bit crude. But by the end of the decade, we may well encounter tiny robots cooking hamburgers
16、in fast - food restaurants, mopping up shopping malls, even delivering meal trays in hospitals.Two factors are pushing the development of robotics: technology and economics. Artificial intelligence is the key to a successful robot, but some of the simplest tasks for a human mind are difficult for a
17、robot. One example: the ability to look at the corner of a room, where walls and ceiling meet, and know that the corner goes in, not out. Easy for humans, very tough for real - world R2D25. But new neural - network computers, which more closely resemble the human brain, look particularly promising f
18、or teaching robots how to adapt to their surroundings.Economics is the key to the acceptance of robots. As declining birthrates lead to a shortage of entry - level workers in much of the industrialized world, researchers are designing robots that can manage at least portions of such jobs as burger f
19、lippers or hospital orderlies.Fast -food robots will probably cook and package food;humans will still greet the public at the counter and make incorrect change.By the late 90s, improved robots will be inexpensive enough to serve as aides for the disabled, giving even quadriplegics the ability to fee
20、d themselves and perform office work. Not all robots will be so benign. Another model in production is a security guard designed to wander deserted warehouses and signal a human guard when it encounters intruders. At least one American firm has designed an armed security robot capable of firing a we
21、apon.And the long -promised home robot? This little electronic servant, capable of delivering a frosty beer from the fridge, picking up the kids toys and washing the occasional window, probably wont be a mass - market item in the 90s-unless we modify our homes to accommodate them. Every room would n
22、eed to have tiny radio beacons to tell the robot where it is, and staircases would need special construction for easy robot access. Sound unlikely? Perhaps. But in 1890 a person might have thought it unlikely if he had been told that the entire urban landscape of the planet would be modified to acco
23、mmodate the automobile.（分数：5.00）(1).In the next decade, Robots will become practical because of all but one exception that _.（分数：1.00）A.they may cook hamburgers in the restaurantsB.they can perform wonderous skill as shown in science fiction filmC.they may deliver meal trays in hospitalsD.they may d
24、o some moppings in the shopping center(2).Which of the following is difficult for robots to do at present?（分数：1.00）A.To assemble machines.B.To do some kinds of cleaning.C.To work as service men.D.To tell that the comer where walls and ceilings meet goes in, not out.(3).Robots will not be accepted un
25、less _.（分数：1.00）A.they can do some domestic jobs in hospitalB.they can cook and package foodC.they can greet people at the counterD.they can do jobs human needs to solve a shortage of labourers(4).Which of the following statements is not true?（分数：1.00）A.Robots will be less expensive than they are no
26、w.B.They will be used as aides for the disabled.C.They will all be gentle and kind.D.They will deal with intruders.(5).Whats the authors attitude towards long-promised home robot?（分数：1.00）A.Optimistic.B.Pessimistic.C.Skeptical.D.Disbelievin七、TEXT B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)In recent years American society has
27、become increasingly dependent on its universities to find solutions to its major problems. It is the universities that have been charged with the principal responsibility for developing the expertise to place men on the moon; for dealing with our urban problems and with our deteriorating environment
28、; for developing the means to feed the worlds rapidly increasing population. The effort involved in meeting these demands presents its own problems. In addition, however, this concentration on the creation of new knowledge significantly impinges on the universities efforts to perform their other pri
29、ncipal functions, the transmission and interpretation of knowledge-the imparting of the heritage of the past and the preparing of the next generation to carry it forward.With regard to this, perhaps their most traditionally sanctioned task, colleges and universities today find themselves in a seriou
30、s bind generally. On the one hand, there is the American commitment, entered into especially since World War I, to provide higher education for all young people who can profit from it. The result of the commitment has been a dramatic rise in enrollments in our universities, coupled with a radical sh
31、ift from the private to the public sector of higher education. On the other hand, there are serious and continuing limitations on the resources available for higher education.While higher education has become a great “growth industry“, it is also simultaneously a tremendous drain on the resources of
32、 the nation. With the vast increase in enrollment and the shift in priorties away from education in state and federal budgets, there is in most of our public institutions a significant decrease in per capital outlay for their students. One crucial aspect of this drain on resources lies in the persis
33、tent shortage of trained faculty, which has led, in turn, to a declining standard of competence in instruction.Intensifying these difficulties is, as indicated above, the concern with research, with its competing claims on resources and the attention of the faculty. In addition, there is a strong te
34、ndency for the institutions organization and functioning to conform to the demands of research rather than those of teaching.（分数：5.00）(1).According to the author, _ is the most important function of institutions of higher education.（分数：1.00）A.creating new knowledgeB.providing solutions to social pro
35、blemsC.making experts on sophisticated industries out of their studentsD.preparing their students to transmit inherited knowledge(2).According to the passage, one of the causes for the difficulties of American higher education is that _.（分数：1.00）A.the government has stopped giving public institution
36、s as much financial support as it used toB.America has always been encouraging young people to go to collegeC.many public institutions have replaced private onesD.the government only finances such researches as that of placing man on the moon(3).The phrase “impinge on“ most probably means _.（分数：1.00
37、）A.promoteB.rely onC.have an impact onD.block(4).A serious outcome brought out by the shortage of resources is that _.（分数：1.00）A.many public institutions have to cut down enrollments of studentsB.teachers are not qualified enough for satisfactory performance in classesC.some institutions have to red
38、uce the expenses on researchD.there is keen competition for resources and attention of faculty between public and private institutions(5).Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE?（分数：1.00）A.American society has failed to provide these institutions with adequate resources to meet their needs.B.T
39、hough in difficulty, these institutions are determined to fulfill both research and teaching functions.C.American society has relied too much on their institutions of higher education to allow them for easy adjustment to all their functions.D.More resources and efforts of faculty are needed for rese
40、arch work than teaching work.八、TEXT C(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Criticism of research lays a significant foundation for future investigative work, but when students begin their own projects, they are likely to find that the standards of validity in field work considerably more rigorous than the standards for mo
41、st library research. When students are faced with the concrete problem of proof by field demonstration, they usually discover that many of the “important relationships“ they may have criticized other researchers for. failing to demonstrate are very elusive indeed. They will find, if they submit an o
42、utline or questionnaire to their classmates for criticism, that other students make comments similar to some they themselves may have made in discussing previously published research. For example, student researchers are likely to begin with a general question but find themselves forced to narrow it
43、s focus. They may learn that questions whose meanings seem perfectly obvious to them are not clearly understood by others, or that questions which seemed entirely objective to them appear to be highly biased to someone else. They usually find that those who have not actually attempted it generally b
44、elieve the formulation of good research questions is a much more subtle and frustrating task.（分数：5.00）(1).What does the author think about trying to find weaknesses in other peoples research?（分数：1.00）A.It should only be attempted by experienced researchers.B.It may cause researchers to avoid publish
45、ing good work.C.It is currently being done to excess.D.It can be useful in planning future researc(2).According to the passage, what is one major criticism students often make of published research?（分数：1.00）A.The research has been done in unimportant fields.B.The researchers did not adequately estab
46、lish the relationships involved.C.The researchers failed to provide an appropriate summary.D.The research has not been written in an interesting way.(3).According to the passage, how do students in class often react to another students research?（分数：1.00）A.They react the way they do to any other rese
47、arch.B.They are especially critical of the quality of the research.C.They offer unusually good suggestions for improving the work.D.They show a lot of sympathy for the student researcher.(4).According to the passage, what do student researchers often learn when they discuss their work in class?（分数：1
48、.00）A.Other students rarely have objective comments about it.B.Other students do not believe the researchers did the work themselves.C.Some students feel that the conclusions are too obvious.D.Some students do not understand the meaning of the researchers questions.(5).What does the author conclude
49、about preparing suitable questions for a research project?（分数：1.00）A.It is more difficult than the student researcher may realize.B.The researcher should get help from other people.C.The questions should be brief so that they will he understood.D.It is important to follow formulas closely.九、TEXT D(总题数：1，分数：3.00)The coming of the railways in the
