1、专业八级-550 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、PART LISTENING COM(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、SECTION A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Jealousys Purpose(总题数：1，分数：10.00)填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_四、SECTION B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、Questions 1 to 5 are(总题数：1，分数：5.00)A.The high divorce rate in this cou
2、ntry.B.The conflicts people are confronted in their daily life.C.Differences between men and women in marriage.D.Superficial friendship in this country.A.The couple who want to have a divorce.B.Young people who have conflicts with their parents.C.People who are not satisfied with their job.D.People
3、who have successful careers.A.The couple have to comprise to each other.B.The structure of marriage is tied into a kinship structure.C.Its a relationship between two families.D.Its two people who are largely on their own, and who are expecting a great deal from each other.A.superficialB.very closeC.
4、quite difficultD.much emphasizedA.Many professional women launch their careers first, then have children later.B.People in this country spend less time with friends than with family.C.There is no much difference between men and women with a view to friendship.D.Women come to the therapist more often
5、 than men.六、SECTION C(总题数：0，分数：0.00)七、Question 6 is based (总题数：1，分数：1.00)A.the barriers have been removedB.the government army have besieged the areaC.a general strike has been overD.there will be another Strike八、Questions 7 to 8 are(总题数：1，分数：2.00)A.the day before yesterdayB.at two oclock yesterday
6、morningC.around 2: 00 p.m. yesterdayD.at twenty past five yesterday morningA.Firemen, policemen and reportersB.Doctors, nurses and patientsC.Firemen, policemen and doctorsD.Volunteers, policemen and firefighters九、Questions 9 to 10 ar(总题数：1，分数：2.00)A.touristsB.commutersC.employersD.bus driversA.attem
7、pted to halt the whole network for train travelB.wanted to support workers from other unionsC.were dissatisfied with proposed rise in unemploymentD.were unhappy with their working conditions十、PART READING COMPR(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十一、TEXT A(总题数：4，分数：4.00)2.According to the passage, the General Theory desc
8、ribes gravity as a function of_.（分数：1.00）A.timeB.massC.curvatureD.unknown forces3.According to the passage, which of the following phenomena did Einstein describe in his General Theory of Relativity, that was not explained by Newtons theory?（分数：1.00）A.A solution to the Michelson-Morley experiment.B.
9、The motions of distant planets.C.How light could travel in a vacuum.D.The nature of gravity.4.What does the passage mainly discuss?（分数：1.00）A.Albert Einsteins life and achievements.B.How Einstein changed the way we look at the universe.C.The Special Theory of Relativity.D.Landmarks in understanding
10、the univers5.It can be inferred from the simplicity of the example of the bowling ball and rubber sheet to describe Einsteins theory that_.（分数：1.00）A.this was how Einstein reached his conclusionsB.Einstein used this example to explain his theory to studentsC.the theory is so complex that a more deta
11、iled example would not allow most people to quickly understand the general ideaD.any theory is just a way of trying to explain something for which there is no certainty, so a simple example is sufficient十二、TEXT B(总题数：3，分数：3.00)6.Women were attracted to Mrs. Pinkham because_.（分数：1.00）A.of her photoB.
12、of her productC.of her interest in themD.of her son7.Which of the following did patent medicine and the penny press have in common, according to the passage?（分数：1.00）A.An approach to gaining attention of the public.B.A belief in advertising.C.The need to recover money.D.A mass audienc8.What aspect o
13、f patent medicine does the passage mainly discuss?（分数：1.00）A.The danger.B.Why it was so popular.C.Whether it was an example of quackery.D.The disadvantages.十三、TEXT C(总题数：3，分数：3.00)9.How did cave dwelling start in this region7（分数：1.00）A.It is an ancient tradition.B.The wine producers lived near their
14、 stores.C.Local people moved into holes made when rock was cut.D.Persecution made it necessary for people to live secretly.10.What has the writer found in Saumur?（分数：1.00）A.Traces of prehistoric cave dwellers.B.Caves inhabited since prehistoric times.C.People who dress in animal skins.D.People who c
15、hoose to live in caves.11.Why did Bernard Foyer move to a cave?（分数：1.00）A.He wanted to live among artists and craft workers.B.He wanted somewhere peaceful to live.C.He was short of money.D.He wanted to avoid paying taxes.十四、TEXT D(总题数：4，分数：4.00)12.According to the passage people tend to buy more whe
16、n_.（分数：1.00）A.prices are expected to go upB.prices are expected to go downC.prices dont fluctuateD.the business policy remains unchanged13.Findings in investigations in Britain are mentioned to show_.（分数：1.00）A.factors of time and place should be taken into considerationB.people in Britain behave in
17、 the same way as those in AmericaC.maintaining stable prices is based on a correct understanding of consumer psychologyD.occasional discounts and sales are necessary14.The example of the mechanics wife is intended to show that in times of rising prices_.（分数：1.00）A.people with declining income tend t
18、o buy lessB.people with stable income tend to borrow lessC.people with increasing income tend to buy moreD.people with money also tend to buy less15.The best title of the passage is _.（分数：1.00）A.Consumers Purchasing PowerB.Relationship between Income and Purchasing PowerC.Traditional AssumptionsD.St
19、udies in Consumer Behavior十五、TEXT E(总题数：3，分数：3.00)16.In the first paragraph of the passage, the authors attitude toward the literary critics mentioned can best be described as_.（分数：1.00）A.disparagingB.ironicC.facetiousD.skeptical but resigned17.The author implies that a major element of the satirist
20、s art is the satirists _.（分数：1.00）A.consistent adherence to a position of lofty disdain when viewing the foibles of humanityB.insistence on the helplessness of individuals against the social forces that seek to determine an individuals fateC.cynical disbelief that visionaries can either enlighten or
21、 improve their societiesD.refusal to indulge in polemic when presenting social mores to readers for their scrutiny18.Which of the following would be the most appropriate title for the passage?（分数：1.00）A.Poetry and Satire as Influences on the Novels of Virginia Woolf.B.Virginia Woolf: Critic and Comm
22、entator on the Twentieth-Century Novel.C.Trends in Contemporary Reform Movements as a Key to Understanding Virginia Wootfs Novels.D.Virginia Woolfs Novels: Critical Reflections on tile Individual and on Society.十六、TEXT F(总题数：3，分数：3.00)19.The author suggests that the work of Fisher and Hamilton was s
23、imilar in that both scientists_.（分数：1.00）A.conducted their research at approximately the same timeB.sought to manipulate the sex ratios of some of the animals they studiedC.sought an explanation of why certain sex ratios exist and remain stableD.studied game theory, thereby providing important groun
24、dwork for the later development of strategy theory20.Which of the following is NOT true of the species of parasitic wasps discussed in the passage?（分数：1.00）A.Adult female wasps are capable of storing sperm.B.Female wasps lay their eggs in the larvae of other insects.C.The adult female wasp can be fe
25、rtilized by a male that was hatched in the same larva as herself.D.So few male wasps are produced that extinction is almost certain.21.According to the passage, successful game strategy depends on_.（分数：1.00）A.the ability to adjust ones behavior in light of the behavior of othersB.ones awareness that
26、 there is safety in numbersC.the degree of stability one can create in ones immediate environmentD.the accuracy with which one can predict future events十七、PART GENERAL KNOWL(总题数：10，分数：10.00)22.Which of the following is not a compound word?（分数：1.00）A.landladyB.greenhouseC.upliftD.unacceptable23.The N
27、ovel The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn was written by_.（分数：1.00）A.Henry JamesB.O. HenryC.Harriest Beecher StowerD.Mark Twain24.George Bernard Shaw was a(n)_.（分数：1.00）A.playwrightB.poetC.novelistD.essayist25.Which of the following is NOT a U.S. news and cable network?（分数：1.00）A.ABC.B.CNN.C.CBS.D.BB2
28、6.Where is Edinburgh?（分数：1.00）A.In Wales.B.In Scotland.C.In Northern Ireland.D.In Irelan27.John Galworthy was most famous for_.（分数：1.00）A.Heart of DarknessB.UlyssesC.The Forsyte SagaD.A Passage to India28.The capital of Australia is_.（分数：1.00）A.SidneyB.MelbourneC.CanberraD.Perth29.The word holiday o
29、riginally meant holy day; but now the word signifies any day on which we dont have to work. This is an example of_.（分数：1.00）A.meaning shiftB.widening of meaningC.narrowing of meaningD.loss of meaning30.The study of how sounds are put together and used to convey meaning in communication is_.（分数：1.00）
30、A.morphologyB.general linguisticsC.phonologyD.semantics31.Which degree is offered in community colleges in the United States?（分数：1.00）A.Masters degree.B.Doctors degree.C.Bachelors degree.D.Associate degre十八、PART PROOFREADDING(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十九、We use language ever(总题数：10，分数：10.00)32.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_3
31、3.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_34.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_35.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_36.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_37.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_38.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_39.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_40.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_41.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_二十、PART TRANSLATION(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二十一、SECTION A CHINESE TO(总题数：1，分数：10.00)42.被当做全国性娱乐活动的某一项体育运动可以反映一个民族的特性。在美国，人们喜爱的三项运动是美式足球、棒球和高
32、尔夫球。美式足球，又称橄榄球，是美国人民最喜爱的运动。日前，它已取代了棒球的地位。橄榄球赛主要与对手争夺比赛场地有关。许多比赛的术语都采用军事用语。因此，在某种程度上，一场橄榄球赛也是一次军事行动。比赛的激烈争夺场面吸引了大批观众。棒球比赛的运动量没有橄榄球大，进攻性也没有那么强。但是它是一种技巧性比赛。比赛场面没有橄榄球那么人心激动。高尔夫球是一种只有亲自参加才能欣赏其乐趣的运动，它通常被认为是上层人士玩乐的运动。高尔夫是一种徒步性比赛，球赛要求不断改变位置。（分数：10.00）_二十二、SECTION B ENGLISH TO(总题数：1，分数：10.00)43.Politics and
33、EnglishIn our time, political speech and writing are largely the defence of the indefensible. Things like the continuance of British role in India, the Russian purges and deportations, the dropping of the atom bombs on Japan, can indeed be defended, but only by arguments which are too brutal for mos
34、t people to face, and which do not square with the professed aims of political parties. Thus, political language has to consist largely of euphemism, question-begging and sheer cloudy vagueness. Defenseless villages are bombarded from the air, the inhabitants driven out into the countryside, the cat
35、tle machine-gunned, the huts set on fire with incendiary bullets: this is called pacification. Millions of peasants are robbed of their farms and sent trudging along the roads with no more than they can carry: this is called transfer of population or rectification of frontiers. People are imprisoned
36、 for years without trial, or shot in the back of the neck or sent to die of scurvy in Arctic lumber camps: this is called elimination of unreliable elements. Such phraseology is needed if one wants to name things without calling up mental pictures of them.The inflated style is itself a kind of euphe
37、mism. A mass of latin words falls upon the facts like soft snow, blurring the outlines and covering up all the details. The great enemy of clear language is insincerity. When there is a gap between ones real and ones declared aims, one turns as it were instinctively to long words and exhausted idiom
38、s, such as “keeping out of politics:. All issues are political issues, and politics itself is a mass of lies, evasions, folly, hatred. When the general atmosphere is bad, language must suffer.（分数：10.00）_二十三、PART WRITING(总题数：1，分数：20.00)44. Do you have a maxim or important statement that helps you gui
39、de your life? Write an essay stating your maxim and how it is important to you.Requirement:In the first part of your writing you should present your thesis ( maxim ), and in the second part you should support the thesis with appropriate details and your writing should have a natural conclusion. Mark
40、s will be awarded for content organization, grammar as well as for syntactic variety and appropriate word choice. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.Length: Approximately 400 words.Write your essay on ANSWER SHEET FOUR.（分数：20.00）_专业八级-550 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟
41、)一、PART LISTENING COM(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、SECTION A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Jealousys Purpose(总题数：1，分数：10.00)填空项 1:_ （正确答案：products）解析：听力原文1-10Jealousys PurposeGood morning, everyone. Todays lecture will focus on a common psychological problem-jealousy. Evolutionary psychology holds that human impulses and beha
42、viorseverything from why we cooperate or cheat to why we find others attractive are best understood as the products of natural selection. Using the theory, several new books seek to explain what sparks love, passion, sexuality, and all that is associated with them, including Bobbi Lows Why Sex Matte
43、rs and Randy Thornhill and Craig Palmers A Natural History of Rape.Buss, a professor of psychology at the University of Texas at Austin, and the author of The Evolution of Desire ( 1994), focuses on jealousy. “Jealousy did not arise from capitalism, particularly, culture, socialization, media, chara
44、cter defects of neurosis, “he contends. Rather, it is “an adaptive emotion, forced over millions of years, one inexorably connected with longterm love.To chart the boundaries of jealousy, Buss surveyed hundreds of men and women in the United States, the Netherlands, Germany, Japan, South Korea, and
45、Zimbabwe. He asked which scenario they would find more distressing: learning that ones partner is involved in a passionate sexual relationship with someone of the opposite sex, or that the partner is involved in a deep emotional relationship. In line with previous research and common experience, mos
46、t men in the survey chose sexual infidelity, and most women chose emotional infidelity.Evolutionary psychologists explain the disparity this way: A woman can be certain that a child she bears carries her genes, but paternity is somewhat uncertain. For a man, it is always possible that the partner is
47、 having someone elses baby. Investing resources in such a child is an evolutionary dead-end for him, so he is particularly jealous about matters of sex. And he knows that the sexual competition is fierce. In surveys, three-quarters of men say they would have sex with an attractive member of the opposite sex who propositioned them on the street. Males fear of being cuckolded has even made it into our legal code. Until 1974, if a man ki
