1、专业八级-534 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、PART LISTENING COM(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、SECTION A(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Complete the gap-filling task. Some of the gaps below may require a maximum of THREE words. Make sure the word (s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically semantically acceptable. You may refer to your
2、notes.Ethics in Companies. The importance of ethics (1) enables companies to exploit the economic advantages, whereas the consumers are more careful about ethically related products. Companies need to make (2) response and makes the policies determining how a company conducts all aspects of its busi
3、ness. The skills of (3) performance awareness, implement an official code of ethical practice, ensure all employees access and (4) of it and report any breaches effectively and (5) benchmark ethical practice against those of industry leaders and see the outcome. senior managers set a good example, “
4、 (6) the talk“. put ethics high on the training and staff development agenda. Making companies turn to ethics fur competitive advantage a coherent ethics policy (7) a competitive advantage to its rivals. the legal (8) of their disciplinary measures and the effect of any new procedures on employees.
5、identified the core values, dictate how employees approach conflicts and other stressful dilemmas not covered by the normal terms and conditions of employment.particularly critical ethical procedures in times of crisis e. g. (9) , sexual harassment charges or cases of fraud. the major obstacle: each
6、 individual member of staff follows (10) （分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_三、SECTION B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now
7、listen to the interview.（分数：5.00）(1).If after vigorous exercise, a persons pulse rate remains high for a long while, he or she _.（分数：1.00）A.has an unusually strong heartB.must be suffering from some diseaseC.should go to the hospital to have a check-upD.needs to reduce the intensity of the exercise(
8、2).One way in which exercise can improve our health is that it helps us to _.（分数：1.00）A.lose weightB.sweatC.build musclesD.gain confidence(3).Dieting is not an effective way to lose weight unless _.（分数：1.00）A.it is accompanied by exercisingB.you drink nothing but skim milkC.you avoid eating fatty me
9、atD.you take more vitamins when exercising(4).The problem with most Americans diet is that they _.（分数：1.00）A.drink too much milkB.drink too much alcoholC.consume too much meat and sugarD.dont get enough thiamine(5).According to Dr. Mirkin, drugs such as amphetamines cannot increase an athletes perfo
10、rmance, because _.（分数：1.00）A.they actually do harm to his or her healthB.they only stimulate his or her imaginationC.they increase his or her strength only temporarilyD.they actually slow down his or her reactions四、SECTION C(总题数：2，分数：5.00)Questions 6 to 8 are based on the following news. At the end
11、of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the questions. Now listen to the news.（分数：3.00）(1).According to environmentalists, the new pack _.（分数：1.00）A.aims at cutting climate-changing pollutionB.harms Kyoto Protocol for its lack of firm obligationC.can be described as a comple
12、ment to Kyoto ProtocolD.commits the US and China to cutting emission of greenhouse gases(2).Which of the following statements is TRUE about Kyoto Protocol?（分数：1.00）A.It was ratified by 140 nations on Feb. 16, 1997.B.It imposed legal obligation on 35 industrialized states to cut pollution.C.It hasnt
13、come into effect due to opposition from the US and Australia.D.It requires cutting emission of greenhouse gases by an average 5% by 1990s.(3).The US and Australia refused to follow Kyoto Protocol because _.（分数：1.00）A.ratification might cause energy crisisB.ratification might cause unemploymentC.they
14、 are considered developing economiesD.ratification might cause a loss of$ 500 millionQuestions 9 and 10 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer each question. Now listen to the news.（分数：2.00）(1).The North Korean government has repeatedly a
15、ccused the US of _.（分数：1.00）A.preparing to wage a propaganda war against the countryB.imposing sanctions on the countryC.inspecting the nuclear cite in PyongyangD.preparing to attack the country after it finishes the war in Iraq(2).According to the news, we can infer that North Koreas attitude towar
16、d the issue is _.（分数：1.00）A.resoluteB.waveringC.supportiveD.ambiguous五、PART READING COMPR(总题数：0，分数：0.00)六、TEXT A(总题数：1，分数：5.00)On one occasion a reporter asked Henry Racamier if his shops ever thought of having a sale. “A sale?“ Mr. Racamier examined the word as though an impropriety had been uttere
17、d. “No,“ he said finally. On the contrary, his policy was to make the firms goods ever more alluring by increasing prices, not reducing them.Mr. Racamier had taken over the leather goods firm of Louis Vuitton in 1977 when its business was slipping. Fewer and fewer people wanted leather luggage. The
18、new generation of travelers was buying lightweight luggage that did not need the assistance of porter; best give leather back to the cows. Mr. Racamier looked beyond Vuittons traditional European market to Asia. In the 1970s, the “tiger“ economies were producing a middle class gaining a taste for lu
19、xuries. A Vuitton steamer trunk might seem in Paris to belong to a bygone age, as indeed it did, but to a newly rich family in Seoul or Taipei it carried cachet. Did you know that a trunk like this was made for the pasha of Egypt? Fancy that. How much did you say?Trunks were just a taster of the cat
20、alogue of wares rapidly being expanded by Mr. Racamier: handbags, purses, belts, wallets. In 1977, Vuitton had two shops, one in Paris, the other in Nice. By 1990, Mr. Racamier had built the business into more than 130 Vuitton shops worldwide, set up new factories to keep them supplied, and trained
21、members of staff to be as polite and knowledgeable as those in Paris. These Vuitton shops regularly sold more than twice than a jewelry shop in a prosperous street. Mr. Racamier seemed to have turned leather into gold.When he took over Vuitton, Mr. Racamier was 65 and thinking of retiring. He had sp
22、ent his adult life in the steel industry, much of it building up a steel trading company called Stinox. It had prospered and Mr. Racamier was comfortably off. He was married to Odile Vuitton, the great- grand-daughter of Louis Vuitton, who had started out as clothes-packer for Empress Eugenie, wife
23、of Napoleon , founding his own luggage business in 1854. The business had stayed in the family, eventually passing to Odiles father, who had run it until his death in 1970.Mr. Racamier was at first reluctant to take over the family firm. He was planning other diversions, mainly music. But he was pre
24、vailed on by his mother-in-law to “take a look at the books; see what can be done“. The books, Mr. Racamier recalled, “looked very doggy“. The firms assets included a factory of antique character with a staff to match.Its main asset, Mr. Racamier decided, was its name. In its heyday the firm had bee
25、n an innovator. The famous would get Vuitton to make luggage personal to their needs. Douglas Fairbanks, an early Hollywood star, wanted a special compartment for his toiletries; Leopold Stokowski s trunk opened into a desk with a drawer for musical scores; an Indian maharajah s trunk had a containe
26、r to hold water to make tea. Louis Vuitton and his successor had catered for people to whom money was merely a means of getting the best. Mr. Racamier sought to satisfy the needs of his new Asian customers in the same joyous spirit.He was among the first businessmen in the expansive 1980s to recogni
27、ze the value of the logo. that however well made the article; it was the initials LV created its extra value. But he differed from other manufactures who, he said, flaunted their name. The logo had to be discreet, creating a feeling of understated quality.In 1987, Mr. Racamier formed an alliance wit
28、h another family firm, Moet Hennessay. The resulting group was known as LVMH. In 1988, he brought into the group an investor called Bernard Arnault, aged 39. Mr. Racamier was then 76 and saw Mr. Arnault as a supporter in any possible disputes with Moet Hennessy. They played piano together. Both like
29、 Chopin. However, Mr. Arnaults arrival was the start of a battle for control of LVMH. It turned out that Mr. Racamier was dismissed from the board. Mr. Arnault became head of LVMH. Both he and the company have prospered, and according to some accounts, Mr. Arnault has become Frances richest man.As f
30、or Henry Racamier, he dabbled in a number of other business enterprise, but none came too much. He still found pleasure in music. Playing solo, reckoned, had its advantages.（分数：5.00）(1).Which of the following about the LV business before Mr. Racamier took it over is INCORRECT?（分数：1.00）A.It had alway
31、s been a family business.B.Its business was limited to luggage.C.It had never become a successful business.D.Its customers were mainly wealthy peopl(2).Mr. Racamier did all the following to lead the LV from slump to prosperity EXCEPT _.（分数：1.00）A.extending its marketB.increasing prices of its produc
32、tsC.enriching the varieties of its productsD.bringing Mr. Arnault into the business group(3).It Can be inferred from the passage that _ .（分数：1.00）A.the LV is a luxury businessB.Mr. Racamier did not regret working with Mr. AmaultC.Mr. Racamier was rich when he married Odie VuittonD.Mr. Racamier was c
33、onfident with the business when he first took over the LV business(4).How the LV attracts its Asian customs?（分数：1.00）A.By its personalization of customers needs.B.By its brand.C.By its impressive logo.D.By its reasonable prices.(5).What tone does the author use when he wrote about the, relationship
34、between Mr. Racamier and Mr. Arnault?（分数：1.00）A.Cheerful.B.Indifferent.C.Ironic.D.Admirin七、TEXT B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Last year, when President George W. Bush announced that federal funds could be used to support research on human embryonic stem cells, he mandated that only those cell lines that existed a
35、t the time would qualify for such support. More than a year later, its becoming increasingly :clear that these existing cell lines are inadequate. Unless more are created, the research slowdown may exact a staggering cost in terms of human suffering.Since this announcement, the US National Institute
36、s of Health has tried to stimulate research on .the existing cell lines with new funding and efforts to streamline the initially cumbersome process of obtaining approved cells. However, whether there are 60 cell lines, as originally stated, or nine, as now appear to be available to NIH-funded invest
37、igators, the number is not adequate. Given the genetic diversity within the population, scientists need access to new cell lines if they are to come up with the most effective cell therapies.The issue is partly one of safety. In conducting research with human participants, we must minimize risks. Th
38、e most effective cell line might not be the safest. When developing a new medicine, a large number of molecules must be screened to find a balance between effectiveness and safety. The same is true with cells. In the context of cell therapy, it will be important to minimize unwanted immune reactions
39、 and inflammation This requires selection from a large number of cell lines to obtain the best match.Its clear from experiments with animals that stem-cell therapies can reduce human suffering as Parkinsonian mice have been cured with embryonic stem cells that were programmed to become dopamine-secr
40、eting, replacement nerve ceils. Soon, cells induced to make insulin in tissue cultures will be used in attempts to treat diabetic mice. Similar successes have been achieved in animal models of spinal-cord injury, heart failure and other degenerative disorders. We are at a frontier in medicine where
41、tissues will be restored in ways that were not imaginable just a few years ago. The ethical issues raised by human-embryo research are profound. The human costs of restricting this research must be taken into account as well. The cost in dollars of delaying new stem-cell research is difficult to est
42、imate. It might measure in the hundreds of billions of dollars, especially if one adds the lost productivity of individuals who must leave work to care for victims of degenerative disorders.A less obvious, but real, cost is the damage to the fabric of Americas extraordinary culture of inquiry and te
43、chnical development in biomedical science. Our universities and teaching hospitals are unparalleled. We attract the very best students, scientists and physicians from around the world. But these institutions are fragile. Research and education play key roles in attracting the best physicians. A crip
44、pled research enterprise might add an unbearable stress with long-lasting effects on the entire system. If revolutionary new therapies are delayed or outlawed, we could be set back for years, if not decades.To steer clear of controversy, some investigators will redirect their research. Others will e
45、migrate to countries where such research is allowed and encouraged. Some will drop out entirely. The pall cast over the science community could extend far beyond stem-cell research. Many therapies have emerged from collaboration between government-sponsored researchers and private enterprise Few of
46、these discoveries would have emerged if, for instance, recombinant DNA research had been outlawed 30 years ago. We face the same type of decision today with limits placed on human embryonic stem cells. Safeguards will be necessary. But if we do not proceed embracing the values of objective, open, in
47、quiry with complete sharing of methods and results, the field will be left to less rigorous fringe groups here and abroad. Patients and society will suffer.（分数：5.00）(1).It can be inferred from Paragraph l that the author _.（分数：1.00）A.is in favor of stem-cell researchB.welcomes the research slowdownC
48、.takes a neutral stand on the researchD.thinks it essential to Speed up the research(2).The word streamline“ in Paragraph 2 probably means _.（分数：1.00）A.strengthenB.simplifyC.ascertainD.subvert(3).All of the following are the consequences of the research slowdown EXCEPT _.（分数：1.00）A.the negative impa
49、ct on technical advancementB.the detriment to the culture of inquiryC.the loss of ones productivityD.the collapse of American dreams(4).Which of the following statements about the research is TRUE?（分数：1.00）A.Some researchers are dubious of the feasibility of the research.B.Private enterprise doesnt show the intere
