1、专业八级-491 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、PART LISTENING COM(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、SECTION A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、The Problems Learner(总题数：1，分数：10.00)填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_四、SECTION B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、Questions 1 to 5 are(总题数：1，分数：5.00)A.10 to 12.B.12.C.2 to 10.D.2.A.
2、negativeB.supportiveC.ambiguousD.cautiousA.School.B.Clean house.C.The Environmental Protection Agencys headquarters.D.None of the abovA.People shed more than any other animal indoors.B.People do not keep their room tidy.C.Peoples skin flakes are small enough to float in the air and pollute the indoo
3、r air.D.The furniture people buy is in bad quality.A.dustB.dead human skinC.quill-covertsD.fluff六、SECTION C(总题数：0，分数：0.00)七、Questions 6 to 8 are(总题数：1，分数：3.00)A.after an emergency session of his inner security cabinetB.before the emergency meetingC.after two Arabs were shot deadD.before two Israeli
4、policemen were killedA.stop up to 100,000 Arab day laborers from working inside IsraelB.allow a soldier to shoot only if he was in dangerC.authorize a soldier to open fire on anyone bearing armsD.revise open-fire regulations for soldiersA.more Israeli troops were sent to combat the Arab militantsB.I
5、srael closed both the Gaza Strip and West BankC.thousands of Arab Workers lost their jobsD.many Palestinians were driven out of their homeland八、Questions 9 and 10 a(总题数：1，分数：2.00)A.FebruaryB.early MarchC.late MarchD.AprilA.UgandaB.Ivory CoastC.AfricaD.Botswana九、PART READING COMPR(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十、TEX
6、T A(总题数：4，分数：4.00)1.Why do Japanese athletes say sorry to the public?（分数：1.00）A.They think their failures are wrapped up with a sense of national identity.B.They think their failures are due to carelessness.C.They have acted stupidly in the Olympic.D.They have lost the chance of a fat endorsement co
7、ntract with the Americans.2.What does the last paragraph imply?（分数：1.00）A.No Japanese athlete can really feel relaxed.B.Japanese public never feel content with the performance of their athletes.C.A gold medal in Japan is not the symbol of victory.D.The Japanese media have quite high expectations on
8、the athletes.3.Who is not responsible for the pressure?（分数：1.00）A.The media.B.The Japanese culture.C.The general attitude of the Japanese population.D.The sportsmanship.4.What do the examples in par（分数：1.00）A.3 4 mean?A. Japanese athletes are too ambitious.B. Olympic games do more harm than good.C.
9、The peculiar Japanese culture should be replaced.D. Japanese athletes regard their failures as their national disgrace are under great pressur十一、TEXT B(总题数：4，分数：4.00)5.The main theme of the passage is _.（分数：1.00）A.a psychological analysis of the people involvedB.an account of the successive stages i
10、nvolved in house purchaseC.Sabri s technique in reducing the price of the houseD.a light-hearted study of bargaining techniques in general6.Sabri dismissed the woman because _.（分数：1.00）A.he had had enough of the argumentB.he wanted to show his disgust at the suggested priceC.he wanted to give the im
11、pression that he had lost all interest in the saleD.he wanted time to think the matter over7.Why does the man bring his wife back?（分数：1.00）A.He has suggested some new arguments to her.B.He is very anxious to sell the house.C.He is afraid she might have offended a potential buyer.D.He wants her to co
12、ntinue to negotiate on his behal8.The writer felt “iii at ease“ because _.（分数：1.00）A.the proceedings seemed inappropriate to the occasionB.he was afraid that the contestants would become violentC.he felt that no progress was likely to be madeD.he was not accustomed to such stupidity.十二、TEXT C(总题数：4，
13、分数：4.00)9.The existing law states that _.（分数：1.00）A.convictions can be made on confessions and statements taken by police officers from accused persons are valid legal evidenceB.convictions can t be made on confessions alone and there should be a third party when taking statements from accused perso
14、nsC.convictions can be made on confessions and a third party should be present when taking statements from accused personsD.convictions can t be made on confession alone and the statements taken by police officers from accused persons are valid legal evidence10.According to the article, which of the
15、 following parties contributed most to the release of the Guildford Four?（分数：1.00）A.Reporters.B.Lawyers.C.The police.D.The judiciary.11.Why was there a renewed demand for the re-examination of the case against the Birmingham Six?（分数：1.00）A.The Birmingham Six were believed to have criminal connection
16、s with the Guildford Four.B.The two cases were similar in that both were about pub bombings.C.The bombings in Birmingham happened at the same time.D.The Birmingham Six also claimed that there were police malpractices in their cas12.To compensate the miscarriage of justice, the defence lawyers may _.
17、（分数：1.00）A.demand 500,000 pounds for the Guildford FourB.demand 500,000 pounds for each of the Guildford FourC.demand 50,000 pounds for each of the Guildford FourD.demand a reexamination of the Birmingham pub bombings十三、TEXT D(总题数：4，分数：4.00)13.The authors attitude toward the issue of “science vs. an
18、ti-science“ is _.（分数：1.00）A.impartialB.subjectiveC.biasedD.perplexed14.Paragraphs 2 and 3 ale written to _.（分数：1.00）A.discus the cause of the decline of sciences powerB.show the authors sympathy with scientistsC.explain the way in which science developsD.exemplify the division of science and the hum
19、anities15.The word “schism“(Line 3, Paragraph 1) in the context probably means _.（分数：1.00）A.confrontationB.dissatisfactionC.separationD.contempt16.Which of the following is true according to the passage?（分数：1.00）A.Environmentalists were blamed for anti-science in an essay.B.Politicians are not subje
20、ct to the labeling of anti-science.C.The “more enlightened“ tend to tag others as anti-science.D.Tagging environmentalists as “anti-science“ is justifiabl十四、TEXT E(总题数：4，分数：4.00)17.Which of the following best describes the function of the third paragraph of the passage?（分数：1.00）A.It presents a speci
21、fic example of the process discussed in the first two paragraphs.B.It explains a problem that the researchers mentioned in the second paragraph has yet to solve.C.It evaluates the research discoveries described in the previous paragraph.D.It begins a detailed description of the process introduced in
22、 the previous two paragraphs.18.According to the passage, which of the following is characteristic of enzymatic glyeosylation of proteins?（分数：1.00）A.AGEs are formed after a period of months or years.B.Proteins affected by the process are made unstable.C.Glucose attachment impairs and stiffens tissue
23、s.D.Glucose is attached to proteins for specific purposes.19.According to the passage, which of the following statements is true of the process that discolors and toughens foods?（分数：1.00）A.It takes place more slowly than glycosylation in the human body.B.It requires a higher ratio of glucose to prot
24、ein than glycosylation requires in the human body.C.It does not require the aid of enzymes to attach glucose to protein.D.It proceeds more quickly when the food proteins have a molecular structure similar to that of crystallin proteins.20.With which of the following statements concerning the stiffen
25、ing of aging tissues would the author most likely agree?（分数：1.00）A.It paradoxically both helps and hinders the longevity of proteins in the human body.B.It can be counteracted in part by increased ingestion of glucose-free foods.C.It is exacerbated by increased enzymatic glycosylation.D.It probably
26、involves the nonenzymatic glycosylation of proteins.十五、PART GENERAL KNOWL(总题数：10，分数：10.00)21.What does Christmas commemorate?（分数：1.00）A.The coming of a new year.B.The death of Jesus Christ.C.The birth of Jesus Christ.D.The crucifixion and resurrection of Jesus Christ.22.The modem English began in th
27、e _ century.（分数：1.00）A.14thB.15thC.16thD.17th23.Which of the following is George Bernard Shaws first play?（分数：1.00）A.The Quintessence of Ibsenism.B.The Perfect Wagnerite.C.Arms and the Man.D.Widowers Houses.24.Which of the following is the highest form of literary expression?（分数：1.00）A.Prose.B.Poetr
28、y.C.Novel.D.Speec25.Which of the following is a compound word?（分数：1.00）A.Unsad.B.Unsimplified.C.Sincerity.D.Undertak26.In the United States, both public and private universities depend on the following sources of income except _.（分数：1.00）A.investmentB.student tuitionC.endowmentsD.government funding2
29、7.Of studies was written by _.（分数：1.00）A.John Bunyan.B.John Donne.C.Francis Bacon.D.William Blak28.Which of the following is physically the largest nation in the United Kingdom?（分数：1.00）A.England.B.Scotland.C.Wales.D.Northern Irelan29.Which term of the following is used for oppositeness of meaning?（
30、分数：1.00）A.Homonymy.B.Polysemy.C.Antonymy.D.Synonymy.30.Which of the following words contains two morphemes?（分数：1.00）A.Physic.B.International.C.Disapproved.D.Faddism.十六、PART PROOFREADDING(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十七、The amazing success (总题数：10，分数：10.00)31.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_32.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_33.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_34
31、.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_35.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_36.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_37.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_38.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_39.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_40.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_十八、PART TRANSLATION(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十九、SECTION A CHINESE TO(总题数：1，分数：10.00)41.还有一件更显著的事情，要算是牝鸡们的母爱。牝鸡孵化鸡雏的时候，平常是那么驯善的家禽，立刻要变成一些鸷鸟。它们保护自己的幼儿是一刻也不肯懈怠的。两只眼睛好像燃着的两团烈火。脖子时常要竖着向
32、四方倾听。全身的神经好像紧张得要断裂一样。这样加紧的防御，有时还要变为攻击。即使你不怀敌意地走近它们它们也要发出一种怪怪的叫声，飞来啄你。摄取食物的时候，它们自己也决不肯先吃只是咯咯地唤着鸡雏。假如有别的同类耍夹分争，不管是雄是雌，它们一样地总要毫不留情地扑啄。睡眠或者下雨的时候，要把自己的鸡雏抱在自己的胸胁下可怜胸脯上的羽毛耍抱到一根也没有的程度。像这样的生活要持续两三个月之久。在这期间它们的性生活是完全停止的。（分数：10.00）_二十、SECTION B ENGLISH TO(总题数：1，分数：10.00)42.The threat from global warming, he rep
33、orts, “Is very real. It is only a matter of time before the temperature of the surface of the Earth becomes uncomfortable warm. What can we do? Well frankly, I dont believe well ever be able to supply our power needs by simple devices such as windmills. I think the restriction of emissions of greenh
34、ouse gases will require the building of nuclear power stations in many places. The single most important development would be if there were some agreement on world population, because global warming will depend intrinsically on how much energy is consumed.“But one of the reasons why the human popula
35、tion is growing so fast - it is unlikely to stop this side of eight billion is precisely because we opted out of natural selection./（分数：10.00）_二十一、PART WRITING(总题数：1，分数：20.00)43.Traveling VS. ReadingIn the first part of your writing you should present your thesis statement, and in the second part yo
36、u should support the thesis statement with appropriate details. In the last part you should bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary.Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriacy. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of mark
37、s.Write your essay on ANSWER SHEET FOUR.（分数：20.00）_专业八级-491 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、PART LISTENING COM(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、SECTION A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、The Problems Learner(总题数：1，分数：10.00)填空项 1:_ （正确答案：psychological）解析：听力原文1-10The Problems Learners of English FaceGood morning, everybody. Today Id like
38、to talk about some of the problems that students face when they follow a course of study through the medium of English - if English is not their mother tongue. The purpose is to show that were aware of the problems, and that by analyzing them perhaps itll be possible to suggest how some of them may
39、be overcome.The problems can be divided into three broad categories: psychological, cultural and linguistic. Some of the common psychological problems really involve fear of the unknown, for example, whether ones academic studies will be too difficult, whether one will fail in the exams, etc. All st
40、udents share these apprehensions. Its probably best for a student not to look too far ahead but to concentrate day-by-day on increasing his knowledge and developing his ability. The overseas student in Britain may also suffer from separation from his family and possible homesickness; enjoyment of hi
41、s activities in Britain and the passage of time are the only real help here.Looking now at the cultural problems, we can see that some of them are of a very practical nature, e.g. arranging satisfactory accommodation, getting used to British money (or the lack of it), British food and weather. Some
42、of the cultural difficulties are less easy to define: they are bound up with the whole range of alien customs, habits and traditions - in other words, the British way of life. Such difficulties include: settling into a strange environment and a new academic routine; learning a new set of social habi
43、ts, ranging from the times of meals to the meanings of gestures; expressing appropriate greetings; understanding a different kind of humor; and learning how to make friends. Being open-minded and adaptable is the best approach to some of the difficulties listed here.The largest category is probably
44、linguistic. Lets look at this in some details.Most students have learnt English at school, but they have had little everyday opportunity to practise using English. When foreign learners first come to the country, they have great difficulty in understanding ! There arc a number of reasons for this. I
45、ll just mention three of them.Firstly, it seems to overseas students that English people speak very fast. Secondly, they speak with a variety of accents. Thirdly, different styles of speech are used in different situations, e.g. everyday spoken English, which is colloquial and idiomatic, is differen
46、t from the English used for academic purposes. Dont forget, by the way, that if the students have difficulty in understanding the English-speaking people, these people may also have difficulty in understanding the students !What can a student do then lo overcome these difficulties? Well, obviously,
47、he can benefit from attending English classes and, if a language laboratory is available, use it as much as possible. He should also listen to programmes in English on the radio and TV. Perhaps the most important of all, he should take every available opportunity to meet and speak with native English-speaking people. He should be aware, however, that English people are, by temperament, often reserved and may be unwilling to start a conversation. Nevertheless, if he has
