1、专业八级-436 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、PART LISTENING COM(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、SECTION A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、On the Origin of Bod(总题数：1，分数：10.00)填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_四、SECTION B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、Questions 1 to 5 are(总题数：1，分数：5.00)A.drug prohibitionB.drug traffic
2、kingC.drug legalizationD.drug effectsA.He is strongly against using drugs.B.He is in favor of using drugs.C.He is strongly against drug legalization.D.He is in favor of drug legalization.A.They will make drugs too expensive to be afforded.B.They will not raise the price so high in case it should enc
3、ourage a black market.C.They will not make an effort to prevent it from having it sold to children.D.The federal tax on tobacco will be doubled or tripleA.15% cocaine.B.Marijuana.C.60% cocaine.D.PCP.A.throw them in jailB.integrate it into our cultureC.ban manufacturing mind-alerting substances at ho
4、meD.educate people how to use drugs safely六、SECTION C(总题数：0，分数：0.00)七、Question 6 is based (总题数：1，分数：1.00)A.On Friday.B.A few hours later.C.During the meeting.D.When the first bomb was foun八、Questions 7 to 8 are(总题数：1，分数：2.00)A.debate a non-confidence motion in his governmentB.resignC.introduce the n
5、o confidence measureD.clear the political airA.had failed to bring economic stability to ItalyB.called again for early general electionsC.ruled out resigning before the motion comes to the voteD.introduced the no confidence measure九、Questions 9 to 10 ar(总题数：1，分数：2.00)A.derail the shaky peace process
6、B.kill 18 government soldiersC.retaliate for Chechen rebel ambushD.leave the southern area of VidinorA.a Chechen rebel ambushB.Russian soldiersC.Russian service menD.a civilian vehicle十、PART READING COMPR(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十一、TEXT A(总题数：3，分数：3.00)2.Why did the physical fitness movement revive after the
7、Civil Ware_.（分数：1.00）A.Because people returned to their usual occupations.B.Because “Muscular Christianity“ became popular.C.Because of urbanization.D.Because of physical injuries caused by the war.3.It can be inferred from the passage that the Turnverein were_.（分数：1.00）A.later named Turners because
8、 it was too difficult to pronounceB.successful in mid-westC.limited to GermansD.not popular with many non-Germans because they celebrated German culture4.What does the passage mainly discuss?（分数：1.00）A.The prevention of illness through exercise and nutrition.B.The German and Christian influences on
9、nutrition and physical fitness.C.Development of the physical fitness movement.D.The nutrition and physical fitness movements.十二、TEXT B(总题数：3，分数：3.00)5.According to the passage, mailsters were likely to tip over because_.（分数：1.00）A.even large dogs could cause this to happenB.they had 3 wheelsC.the ma
10、il could shift in the van when cornering over 25 mphD.of cars lined up behind them6.It can be inferred that even though the mailsters were small, uncomfortable, and dangerous, they could_.（分数：1.00）A.eliminate the need for relaysB.carry handcarts and pouches as wellC.be more protection than an umbrel
11、laD.reduce wear on shoes7.What is the title of this passage?（分数：1.00）A.From Satchels to Mailsters.B.Too Much Mail.C.Mailster Mishaps.D.Motorizing the Mail.十三、TEXT C(总题数：3，分数：3.00)8.The author mentions that tile nuclear fusion is a result of_.（分数：1.00）A.hydrogen fusing into heliumB.hydrogen and heliu
12、m becoming hotC.helium changing to carbon and oxygenD.an increase of helium at the center9.What does the passage mainly discuss?（分数：1.00）A.Nuclear fusion in supernovae.B.Defining a supernova.C.The process of the death of stars.D.Gravitational force and its effects on supernova10.Which of the followi
13、ng causes the outside layer of the star to be blown away from the core?（分数：1.00）A.Shock waves.B.The iron core collapse.C.Blast wave.D.The fusing of carbon and oxygen.十四、TEXT D(总题数：5，分数：5.00)11.As far as can be gathered from the passage, which of the following best describes the mans wife?（分数：1.00）A.
14、Understanding.B.Jealous.C.Practical.D.Artisti12.What probably made him enter the art gallery?（分数：1.00）A.He had nowhere else to wait for his wife.B.Memories of his past visits to galleries.C.He had arranged to meet someone inside the gallery.D.A hope to see a particular exhibition of paintings.13.Who
15、 was the woman in the gallery?（分数：1.00）A.A mental patient, whom the man probably knew.B.A stranger, whom the man had never seen before.C.Eterna, who was probably the mans girlfriend once.D.A mysterious figure, whose identity is not disclose14.After coming out of the art gallery and reaching his car,
16、 the man felt, above everything else_.（分数：1.00）A.greatly relieved, and called himself a fool for having gone into the galleryB.deeply sad, and fell into nostalgia about his past life and lost romanceC.extremely mortified, and worried that he had been seen by one of his clientsD.very frightened, and
17、couldnt clear his mind of the terrible image of the woman15.What do we know about the mans work and place of work?（分数：1.00）A.He was a doctor working in a city.B.He was a doctor working in the country.C.He was an artist working in Dublin.D.He was an artist working outside Dublin.十五、TEXT E(总题数：3，分数：3.
18、00)16.Why are scientists concerned about the population of California sea otters according to the passage?（分数：1.00）A.It has been growing at too fast a rate.B.Its growth rate has been steadily decreasing.C.Its growth rate is not as fast as that of the Alaska sea otters.D.It has been greatly reduced b
19、y oil spills and other forms of pollution.17.It can be inferred from the passage that, if a large male sea otter weighs 100 pounds, it must eat approximately _ of food a day to maintain its body heat.（分数：1.00）A.5 poundsB.15 poundsC.30 poundsD.60 pounds18.Which of the following best describes sea ott
20、ers relationship with kelp forests according to the passage?（分数：1.00）A.The kelp serves as food for the otter.B.The otters protect the kelp by eating animals that destroy it.C.The otters eliminate the kelps source of nutrients.D.The kelp is destroyed when the otters build shelters.十六、TEXT E(总题数：3，分数：
21、3.00)19.For which of the following reasons have the debate mentioned in the passage special significance for the woman who is a theoretician of feminist literary criticism according to the author?（分数：1.00）A.There are large numbers of capable women working within the academic establishment.B.There ar
22、e a few powerful feminist critics who have been recognized by the academic establishment.C.Like other critics, most women who are literary critics define criticism as either scientific or artistic.D.Women who are literary critics face professional risks different from those faced by men who are lite
23、rary critics.20.Which of the following titles best summarizes the content of the passage?（分数：1.00）A.How Theories of Literary Criticism Can Best Be Used.B.Problems Confronting Women Who Are Feminist Literary Critics.C.A Historical Overview of Feminist Literary Criticism.D.A New Theory of Literary Cri
24、ticism.21.Which of the following is presented by the author in support of the suggestion that there is stereotypic thinking among members of the academic establishment?（分数：1.00）A.A distinctively feminist contribution to humanistic understanding could work against the influence of sexism among member
25、s of the academic establishment.B.Women who define criticism as artistic may be seen by the academic establishment as being incapable of critical thinking.C.The debate over the role of the literary critic is often seen as a political one.D.Women scholars are only now entering academic in substantial
26、 numbers.十七、PART GENERAL KNOWL(总题数：10，分数：10.00)22.The novel The Scarlet Letter was written by_.（分数：1.00）A.Nathanel HornthorneB.Mark TwainC.John SteinbeckD.Jack London23.According to the prescriptive rule, which of the following sentences would be considered a wrong sentence?（分数：1.00）A.It isI.B.It is
27、 me.C.Who did you speak to?D.I havent done anythin24.Big Ben is a famous _ in London.（分数：1.00）A.statueB.bridgeC.hotelD.clock25.One of the ethnic groups in tile U.S. that can be called “Hispanics“ is _.（分数：1.00）A.the ChineseB.the WASPsC.the IndiansD.the Mexicans26.Buckingham Palace is the London resi
28、dence for_.（分数：1.00）A.the King or QueenB.the Prime MinisterC.the speaker of the ParliamentD.the Lord of Chancellor of the House of Lords27.Thanksgiving Day is celebrated in_.（分数：1.00）A.BritainB.Britain and AmericaC.The United StatesD.All the English-speaking countries28.The natives of the continent
29、of America are_.（分数：1.00）A.CanadiansB.Red IndiansC.MexicansD.Indians29.Which of the following is not a word with a prefix?（分数：1.00）A.pretestB.removableC.developmentD.illogical30.The Nobel Prize in literature of 1954 was given to_.（分数：1.00）A.Earnest HemingwayB.William FaulkneyC.Jack LondonD.Quakers31
30、.The term of “Father of Waters“ is used to refer to_.（分数：1.00）A.the Amazon RiverB.the Mississippi RiverC.the Nile RiverD.the Hudson River十八、PART PROOFREADDING(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十九、The Antarctic is the(总题数：10，分数：10.00)32.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_33.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_34.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_35.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_36.（分数：1.00
31、）填空项 1:_37.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_38.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_39.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_40.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_41.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_二十、PART TRANSLATION(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二十一、SECTION A CHINESE TO(总题数：1，分数：10.00)42. 杭州“人间天堂”意大利著名旅行家马可波罗曾这样叙述他印象中的杭州：“这是世界上最美妙迷人的城市，它使人觉得自己是在天堂。”在中国，也流传着这样的话：“上有天堂，下有苏杭。”杭州的名气主要在于风景如画的西湖。在杭州，您可以饱览西湖的秀色，也
32、不妨漫步街头闹市，品尝杭州的名菜名点，还可以购上几样土特产。杭州是中国著名的六大古都之一，已有两千多年的历史。杭州不仅以自然美景闻名于世，而且有着传统文化的魅力。不仅有历代文人墨客的题咏，而且有美味佳肴和漂亮的工艺品。杭州是中国的“丝绸之府”，丝绸产品品种繁多，其中织锦尤为引人注目。杭州还专门生产黑纸扇和檀香扇。其他特产有西湖绸伞和中国十大名茶之一的西湖龙井。（分数：10.00）_二十二、SECTION B ENGLISH TO(总题数：1，分数：10.00)43. Social SetSome of my older, more sophisticated friends find tele
33、vision much more of a social experience than, say, going to a Broadway play or to movies. While no talking is allowed in the theater, social television encourages interaction between audience and set, and among the audience. The viewers can guess at the dialogue and plot of dramas, editorialize on t
34、he news, predict the Oscar winners, or single out from the semifinalists the next Miss America. It can be much more fun to talk back to the set than to sit silently in a darkened theater ( the product on the screen being equal, naturally).I am not claiming that social television has brought back the
35、 wit and brilliance of the salon to American homes. Social television cant replace real conversation or teter-a-tetes or a good book or a blazing fireplace or solitary thought.Television has proved, on the whole, to be a good guest in the house, especially when it is not invited to perform too often
36、. Most of our work and much of our play forces us, as individuals, into specialized rules. Even our reading materials have become like private languages-father is down at the Wall Street Journal or looking into his Fortune; mother can be found or may be lost, in The Womens Room; the college kids are
37、 like a Rolling Stone.Television can be a national tongue. At its best, television can provide a common basis for experience, maybe a few laughs, some information and insight, perhaps the chance to engage ones intelligence and imagination. In these days of runaway prices, inflated mediocrities, and
38、deflated hopes in our public lives, thats not a bad record. Television has a standing invitation to come to my place.（分数：10.00）_二十三、PART WRITING(总题数：1，分数：20.00)44. Nowadays more and more people go in for exercise. Why is it so? What are the good effects of exercise? Write an essay illustrating the b
39、enefits that exercise brings to us.Requirements:Your writing should have a good beginning paragraph which brings out the question and state briefly your view on it. The middle part should be devoted to illustrating your view by details or examples. The the essay should come to a natural conclusion o
40、r summary. Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the above instructions will result in a lose of marks.Length: Approximately 400 words.Write your essay on ANSWER SHEET FOUR.（分数：20.00）_专业八级-436 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、PART LISTENING COM(总题
41、数：0，分数：0.00)二、SECTION A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、On the Origin of Bod(总题数：1，分数：10.00)填空项 1:_ （正确答案：dissolved / destroyed）解析：听力原文1-10On the Origin of Body LanguageHello, everybody. Todays lecture will focus on “the Origin of Body Language“, which is related to the emotions of man. The emotions are a hot topic
42、 of the 1990s. They are the most conspicuous difference between the software of our brains and that of computer, creating a puzzle for artificial-intelligence theorists of what a computer would gain if it had emotions as well as a rational calculating ability. The emotional centers of the brain can
43、be almost missing in some brain-damaged patients, creating a puzzle for neuropsychiatrists of what is wrong with these superficially normal people. And social relationships are lubricated, glued together and dissolved by the emotions, creating a puzzle for many of us of how to deploy them efficientl
44、y. What does Charles Darwins 1872 classic The Expression of the Emotions have to offer here?One answer is that emotions are expressed not verbally but in body (and particularly facial) language. You can tell someone is angry, for example, fromin Darwins words“ the body being held erect“, “the brows
45、being heavily contracted“ and “the firmly compressed mouth, the distended nostrils, and flashing eyes“. This much was known before Darwin, although his description is more complete and accurate than any of his predecessors. Indeed, it has not been replaced since.Darwin, however, excelled as a theori
46、zer, and The Expression of the Emotions is much more than a body-language dictionary. His main interest was the relation between each emotion and the form of its expression. Why do we express anger by an erect posture and direct stare, rather than by, for example, shrugging our shoulders? His answer
47、 is contained in three principles governing emotional expression. Some emotions are expressed in a way that is posturally appropriate for the related behavior. If you are angry, for instance, then you may be about to hit someone and the form of the expression is a postural precursor of doing so: before hitting someone, it makes sense to look at them with some concentration, to tense your muscles, to raise your arm. Darwin called these expressions “serviceable as
