1、专业八级-403 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、PART LISTENING COM(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、SECTION A(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Character Analysis of Shakespearean Plays. Character analysis character evaluation as the best way to start the analysis of a Shakespearean play characters in a typical 1 doing particular things in ever
2、y play conflicts involved characters characters being on trial . Three main reasons for approaching Shakespearean plays by analyzing characters A. Plays with active characters like people around us the appeal of the genre seeing the play as 2 itself B. Shakespeare“s ability to 3 characters individua
3、l personality with experience requiring an evaluation individual actors“ need to 4 upon the motivations for their characters C. The play including 5 itself, for the reason that characters are trying to understand their own characters . The merits and weaknesses of the approach illustrated by 6 inter
4、pretations ofl9th century A. Values always reminding of the central concern 7 keeping in touch with the reason why Shakespeare 8 B. Problems not enough 9 about characters: 1) key elements full character analysis needs are 10 2) for the lack of evidence, the analysis often ends with trivial matters.
5、（分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_三、SECTION B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. （分数：5.00）(1).What does the man do?（分数：1.00）A.
6、He is an actor.B.He is a photographer.C.He is a director.D.He is a writer.(2).The man seems to prefer _（分数：1.00）A.movie about people.B.movie of myth.C.action movie.D.movie about the Bible.(3).Why does the man do a lot of rehearsals with the actors?（分数：1.00）A.He wants the actors to feel safe and will
7、ing to create.B.He feels safe by doing these.C.He is afraid that actors may make mistakes without rehearsals.D.He does not want many takes.(4).What will the audience probably feel when watching The Tailor of Panama ?（分数：1.00）A.Excited.B.Happy.C.Mysterious.D.Sad.(5).Which of the following statements
8、is true about the man?（分数：1.00）A.He often participates in writing film scripts.B.He sometimes does the camera himself.C.He does not like the actors to take risks in acting.D.He emphasizes the sense of security.四、SECTION C(总题数：3，分数：5.00)1.Question 6 is based on the following news. At the end of the n
9、ews item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question. The opposition supporters rallied in the center of the capital to _（分数：1.00）A.support their party leader.B.ask for a re-election.C.accuse the prime minister of his sins.D.express their anger with the government.Questions 7 and 8 are base
10、d on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions. （分数：2.00）(1).Which of the statement about the investment firm is INCORRECT?（分数：1.00）A.It manages group pension funds for more than a hundred firms.B.It may have covered up losses for years acc
11、ording to the reports.C.It will take every possible step to prevent further loss of funds.D.Japan watchdog halts its operations on fears over lost asset.(2).Which of the following is the analysts and industry watchers“ attitude toward these losses?（分数：1.00）A.Angry.B.Indifferent.C.Object.D.Surprise.Q
12、uestions 9 and 10 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions. （分数：2.00）(1).Which of the following is NOT true according to the news?（分数：1.00）A.Born This Way Foundation is founded to create a kinder and braver world.B.People from
13、 Health and Human Services and Harvard will attend the launching.C.Whitney“s The Bodyguard held the record with 21 weeks at Number One.D.The past week became the biggest sales week of Adele“s 21 album.(2).Which of the following statements of the Billboard is INCORRECT?（分数：1.00）A.Adele now has been i
14、n the top spot for more weeks than other female artists.B.Adele“s 21 album has sold more than 7.3million copies all over the world.C.“Part of Me“ takes Katy Perry to NO. 1 on the Billboard Hot 100 the first time.D.The first week of Katy Perry“s new single became her best career sales week.五、PART REA
15、DING COMPR(总题数：0，分数：0.00)六、TEXT A(总题数：1，分数：5.00)It“s disturbing to picture your kindergartner in a casino, but maybe you ought to try. American kids are born into a culture that loves its gambling, and the passion is only growing, as financial hardships sweeten the ever alluring prospect of a lucky
16、break. The danger, of course, is that gambling can lead to compulsive gambling and compulsive gambling can be a life wrecker. Now, a new study in the Archives of Pediatrics buying lottery tickets; or placing bets on professional sports. “The majority of kids were not engaging in any of these activit
17、ies,“ says Pagani, “but the fact that any of them were was unexpected.“ What struck Pagani most was how predictable the identities of the gamblers were. When she referred back to the ratings from kindergarten, she found that every one-unit increase on the impulsivity scale correlated with a 25% jump
18、 in the likelihood a child would be gambling by sixth grade. “ The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual already refers to gambling specifically as an impulse-control disorder,“ she says, citing the official text that outlines diagnostic criteria for mental disorders. “And then there were our findings s
19、howing that.“ Knowing early on which children are headed for trouble can pay off in a number of ways. For one thing, it can help families wise up. Some of the parents of the kids in the study saw a little gambling as a minor thing, and a number of them even bought lottery tickets for their kids as a
20、 reward for good behavior. That, clearly, sends the wrong message. “Scratch-and-win games are for adults,“ Pagani says flatly. What“s more, not only can kids“ behavior benefit when impulse issues are spotted early on, so can their brains. Preschool is a time when the prefrontal lobes, which are the
21、center of executive functions and what Pagani and others call “effort control“ are just developing. The better the brain can be trained at this stage, the better it performs later in life. Pagani cites a 2007 study in journal Science which showed that simple attention training taught in kindergarten
22、 improved focus and concentration in later years. “You can introduce a cost-effect program and reap enormous benefits,“ she says. Pagani plans to check in with the kids in her survey again in another six years when they“re finishing high school and preparing to enter the larger world with its larger
23、 temptations. Even if they were born too late to benefit from her findings, she thinks other kids can. “We need to think of impulse-control training as a long-term investment plan,“ she says, “one that can lead to less addiction, less gambling, a lower dropout rate and lower unemployment.“ That“s a
24、far bigger payoff than you“ll ever get playing blackjack or craps.（分数：5.00）(1).The phrase “tucked.away“ in the second paragraph means _（分数：1.00）A.gave.away.B.cleared.away.C.worked.away.D.put.away.(2).As to Pagani“s study, it can be inferred that _（分数：1.00）A.Pagani“s 12-year longitudinal study on 163
25、 kindergartners has ended.B.the questionnaire is about students“ inattentiveness, scores, distractibility and hyperactivity.C.the impulsivity scale has positive correlation with the likelihood of children“s gambling.D.it is expected in the study that some kids were involved in gambling.(3).Which may
26、 NOT be one of the benefits of impulse-control training?（分数：1.00）A.Encouraging more children to stay away from drugs and gambling.B.Improving kids“ performance in tests.C.Facilitating the development of prefrontal lobes.D.Reducing the number of dropout students.(4).All of the following are true EXCE
27、PT that _（分数：1.00）A.attention-boosting training can improve focus and concentration at once.B.financial pressure attracts more Americans to try their luck in gambling.C.kindergarten is the best place to know about people“s impulsivity.D.parents often unconsciously encourage kids to gamble.(5).A suit
28、able title for the passage would be _（分数：1.00）A.Pagani“s Study on Children Gambling.B.The Need of Impulse-Control Training.C.Saving Our Children from Gambling.D.Spotting Future Gamblers in Kindergarten.七、TEXT B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)It used to be said that English people take their pleasure sadly. No doubt
29、this would still be true if they had any pleasure to take, but the price of alcohol and tobacco in my country has provided sufficient external causes for melancholy. I have sometimes thought that the habit of taking pleasure sadly has crossed the Atlantic, and I have wondered what it is that makes s
30、o many English-speaking people somber in their outlook in spite of good health and a good income. In the course of my travels in America I have been impressed by a kind of fundamental malaise which seems to me extremely common and which poses difficult problems for the social reformer. Most social r
31、eformers have held the opinion that, if poverty were abolished and there were no more economic insecurity, the millennium would have arrived. But when I look at the face of people in opulent cars, whether in your country or in mine, I do not see that look of radiant happiness which the aforesaid soc
32、ial reformers had led me to expect. In nine cases out of ten, I see instead a look of boredom and discontent and an almost frantic longing for something that might tickle the jaded palate. It is not only the very rich who suffer in this way. Professional men very frequently feel hopelessly thwarted.
33、 There is something that they long to do or some public object that they long to work for. But if they were to indulge their wishes in these respects, they fear that they would lose their livelihood. Their wives are equally unsatisfied, for their neighbor, Mrs. So-and-So, has gone ahead more quickly
34、, has a better car, a larger apartment and gander friends. When I try to understand what it is that prevents so many American from being as happy as one might expect, it seems to me that there are two causes, of which one goes much deeper than the other. The one that goes least deep is the necessity
35、 for subservience in some large organization. If you are an energetic man with strong views as to the right way of doing the job with which you are concerned, you find yourself invariable under the orders of some big man at the top who is elderly, weary and cynical. Whenever you have a bright idea,
36、the boss puts a stopper on it. The more energetic you are and the more vision you have, the more you will suffer from the impossibility of doing any of the things that you feel ought to be done. When you go home and moan to your wife, she tells you that you are a silly fellow and that if you became
37、the proper sort of yes-man, your income would soon be doubled. If you try divorce and remarriage it is very unlikely that there will be any change in this respect. And so you are condemned to gastric ulcers and premature old age. It was not always so. When Dr. Johnson compiled his dictionary, he com
38、piled it as he thought fit. When he felt like saying that oats is food for men in Scotland and horses in England, he said so. When he defined a fishing-rod as a stick with a fish at one end and a fool at the other, there was nobody to point out to him that a remark of this sort would damage the sale
39、 of his great work among fishermen. But if, in the present day, you are (let us say) a contributor to an encyclopedia, there is an editorial policy which is solemn, wise, and prudent, which allows no room for jokes, no place for personal preferences and no tolerance for idiosyncrasies. Everything ha
40、s to be flattened out except where the prejudices of the editor are concerned. To these you must conform, however, little you may share them. And so you have to be content with dollars instead of creative satisfaction. And the dollars, alas, leave you sad. This brings me to the major cause of unhapp
41、iness, which is that most people in America act not on impulse but on some principles, and those principles upon which people act are usually based upon a false psychology and a false ethic. There is a general theory as to what makes for happiness and this theory is false. Life is concerned as a com
42、petitive struggle in which felicity consists in getting ahead of your neighbor. The joys which are not competitive are forgotten.（分数：5.00）(1).In the author“s opinion, in England alcohol and tobacco may _（分数：1.00）A.throw a heavy burden on the country“s welfare program.B.make people indulge in pleasur
43、es.C.pose touchy problems for social reformers.D.lead to despondency.(2).What opinions do most social reformers hold?（分数：1.00）A.If economic security were obtained, one would grow fidgety and berserk.B.An ideal society is the one in which all the people were no longer afraid of poverty.C.Poverty was
44、the root of the people“s melancholy.D.Great happiness and human perfection could be arrived at if and only if people learned to be content.(3).What reason is implied by the author for the hopelessness of professional men?（分数：1.00）A.They actually care more about their own life.B.Their wives are not s
45、atisfied with them.C.Their neighbors have better life.D.They want to serve the public, but they are not able to.(4).What is the main cause of unhappiness for many Americans in the author“s view?（分数：1.00）A.The energy and the genius are always confined by someone.B.Lack of freedom and stimuli makes pe
46、ople unsatisfied with life.C.People are obsessed by the thought of getting ahead of their neighbors.D.People tend to act on dubious principles.(5).What is the author“s tone in this article?（分数：1.00）A.Stony.B.Sarcastic.C.Cheerful.D.Prudent.八、TEXT C(总题数：1，分数：5.00)The advantage of associating the birth
47、 of democracy with The Mayflower Compact is that it is easy to do so. The public believes a simple explanation that on November 11, 1620, when the compact was approved, a cornerstone of American democracy was laid. Certainly it makes it easier on schoolchildren. Making the start of democracy in 1620
48、 relieves students of the responsibility of knowing what happened in the hundred some years before, from the arrival of the Santa Maria to the landing of the Mayflower . Surely, the compact demonstrated the Englishman“s striking capacity for self-government. And in affirming the principle of majorit
49、y rule, the Pilgrims showed how far they had come from the days when the king“s whim was law and nobody dared say otherwise. But the emphasis on the compact is misplaced. Scholarly research in the last century indicates that the compact had nothing to do with the development of the self-government in America. In truth, The Mayflower Compact was no more a cornerstone
