1、专业八级-391 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、PART LISTENING COM(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、SECTION A(总题数：1，分数：10.00)填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_三、SECTION B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)(1).According to Dr. Adams, what should we have as an attainable goal of language learning?（分数：1.00）A.Spea
2、king as fluently as a native speaker.B.Gaining proficiency in a foreign language.C.Learning a language well within a month.D.Learning words without active use of them.(2).Which of the following is Dr. Adams suggestion to tap your learning potential?（分数：1.00）A.Following what a role model does.B.Learn
3、ing new words in contexts.C.Knowing your own ways of learning.D.Reciting new vocabularies loudly.(3).If you favor reading illustrated books to learn a language, you are primarily（分数：1.00）A.an auditory learner.B.a visual learner.C.a tactile learner.D.an unusual learner.(4).When watching movies to lea
4、rn English, you should NOT（分数：1.00）A.turn on the captious for reference.B.watch in the most relaxed possible way.C.pause when encountering new expressions.D.use an English-English dictionary.(5).According to the interview, which of the following helps to better understand different accents?（分数：1.00）
5、A.Following classroom instructions.B.Watching plenty of movies online.C.Breaking down cultural barriers.D.Backpacking around the world.四、SECTION C(总题数：4，分数：5.00)Question 6 and7 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the question.Now listen
6、 to the news.（分数：2.00）(1).According to Magdalena Alvarez, at least_survivors died hours after the accident.（分数：1.00）A.19B.26C.6D.153(2).Which of the following statements about the crash is TRUE?（分数：1.00）A.The number.of casualties was 153 on Wednesday.B.There accident killed 172 passengers on board.C
7、.The crash took place when the plane was landing.D.The crash was caused probably by the engine fire.1.Question 8 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question.Now listen to the news.According to the news, which of the following state
8、ments is TRUE?（分数：1.00）A.Humphrey Lyttelton is known to the radio listeners as a weather broadcaster.B.Humphrey Lyttelton sought his fame as a guitar player and band leader in the 1940s.C.Humphrey Lyttelton produced his first British jazz record which entered the top 20.D.Humphrey Lyttelton continue
9、d recording and touring with his band until 1970s.2.Question 9 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question.Now listen to the news.More than two hundred years ago, the bagpipes were prohibited as（分数：1.00）A.noisy nuisances.B.arms inv
10、olved in wars.C.anti-social pipes.D.national instruments.3.Question 10 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question.Now listen to the news.According to the news, UEFA（分数：1.00）A.could not agree with Sir Blatter, the president of FIFA
11、.B.insisted on restricting the number of foreign players.C.attributed the success of English teams to foreign players.D.proposed a limit of five foreign players in each team.五、PART READING COMPR(总题数：0，分数：0.00)六、TEXT A(总题数：1，分数：5.00)TEXT AIf you want to see what it takes to set up an entirely new fin
12、ancial center (and what is best avoided), head for Dubai. This tiny, sun-baked patch of sand in the midst of a war-torn and isolated region started with few advantages other than a long tradition as a hub for Middle Eastern trade routes.But over the past few years Dubal has built a new financial cen
13、ter from nothing. Dozens of the worlds leading financial institutions have opened offices in its new financial district, hoping to grab a portion of the $2 trillion-plus investment from the Gulf. Some say there is more hype than business, but few big firms are willing to risk missing out.Dealmaking
14、in Dubai centers around The Gate, a cube-shaped structure at the heart of the Dubai International Financial Centre (DIFC). A brainchild of the riding A1-Maktoum family, the DIFC is a tax-free zone for wholesale financial services. Finns licensed for it are not approved to serve the local financial m
15、arket. The DIFC alms to become the leading wholesale financial centre in the Gulf, offering one-stop shopping for everything from stocks to sukuk (Islamic) bonds, investment banking and insurance. In August the Dubai bourse made a bid for a big stake in OMX, a Scandinavian exchange operator that als
16、o sells trading technology to many of the worlds exchanges.Dubai may have generated the biggest splash thus far, but much of the Gulf region has seen a surge of activity in recent years. Record flows of petrodollars have enabled governments in the area to spend billions on infrastructure projects an
17、d development. Personal wealth too is growing rapidly. According to Capgemini and Merrill Lynch, the number of people in the Middle East with more than $1m in financial assets rose by nearly 12% last year, to 300,000.Qatar, Bahrain and Abu Dhabi also have big aspirations for their financial hubs, th
18、ough they keep a lower profile than Dubai. They, too, are trying to learn from more established financial centers what they must do to achieve the magic mix of transparent regulation, good infrastructure and low or no taxes. Some of the fiercest competition among them is for talent. Most English-spe
19、aking professionals have to be imported.Each of the Gulf hubs, though, has its own distinct characteristics. Abu Dhabi is trying to present itself as a more cultured, less congested alternative to neighboring Dubai, and is building a huge Guggenheim museum. Energy-rich Qatar is an important hub for
20、infrastructure finance, with ambitions to develop further business in wealth management, private equity, retail banking and insurance. Bahrain is well established in Islamic banking, but it is facing new competition from London, Kuala Lumpur and other hubs that have caught on to Islamic finance. “If
21、 youve got one string to your bow and suddenly someone takes it away, youre in trouble,“ says Stuart Pearce of the Qatar Financial Centre about Bahrain.Sandi Arabia, by far the biggest economy in the Gulf, is creating a cluster of its own economic zones, including King Abdullah City, which is aimed
22、at foreign investors seeking a presence in the country. Trying to cut down on the number of “suitcase bankers“ who fly in from nearby centers rather than live in the country, the Saudis now require firms working with them to have local business licenses. Yet the bulk of the regions money is still fl
23、owing to established financial centers in Europe, America and other parts of Asia.The financial hubs there offer lessons for aspiring centers in other parts of the developing world. Building the confidence of financial markets takes more than new skyscrapers, tax breaks and incentives. The DIFC, for
24、 instance, initially suffered from suspicions of government meddling and from a high turnover among senior executives. Trading on its stock market remains thin, and the government seems unwilling to float its most successful companies there. Making the desert bloom was never easy.（分数：5.00）(1).Accord
25、ing to the passage, Dubai has built a new financial center（分数：1.00）A.because of its innate advantages over other countries.B.thanks to the $2 trillion-plus investment from the Gulf.C.from its past tradition as a trade center in the Gulf.D.for its a war-torn and isolated region in the world.(2).Accor
26、ding to the passage, which of the following about Dubai is INCORRECT?（分数：1.00）A.It enjoys record flows of petrodollars.B.Personal wealth too is growing rapidly.C.It is the biggest economy in the Gulf.D.Billions are spent on infrastructure.(3).The fiercest competition among the countries aspiring for
27、 their financial hubs is（分数：1.00）A.regulation.B.infrastructure.C.tax.D.talent.(4).Which of the following is NOT true about Sandi Arabia?（分数：1.00）A.It is building a cluster of its own economic zones.B.It is trying to decrease the number of “suitcase bankers“.C.It is very strict about granting local b
28、usiness licenses.D.It cant attract the bulk of the regions money to flow in.(5).By saying “making the desert bloom was never easy“ in the last paragraph, the author means（分数：1.00）A.new skyscrapers need to be built to guarantee the confidence of financial markets.B.cutting on taxes and giving more in
29、centives brings the confidence of financial markets.C.the government is trying to bring the confidence of financial markets down.D.it takes great efforts to build the confidence and prosperity of financial markets.七、TEXT B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Most people have experienced the feeling, after a taxing mental
30、 work-out, that they cannot be bothered to make any more decisions. If they are forced to, they may do so intuitively, rather than by reasoning. Such apathy is often put down to tiredness, but a study published recently in Psychological Science suggests there may be more to it than that. Whether rea
31、son or intuition is used may depend simply on the decision-makers blood-sugar levelwhich is, itself, affected by the process of reasoning.E.J. Masicampo and Roy Baumeister of Florida State University discovered this by doing some experiments on that most popular of laboratory animals, the impoverish
32、ed undergraduate. They asked 121 psychology students who had volunteered for the experiment to watch a silent video of a woman being interviewed that had random words appearing in bold black letters every ten seconds along the perimeter of the video. This was the part of the experiment intended to b
33、e mentally taxing. Haft of the students were told to focus on the woman, to try to understand what she was saying, and to ignore the words along the perimeter. The other haft were given no instructions. Those that had to focus were exerting considerable self-control not to look at the random words.W
34、hen the video was over, half of each group was given a glass of lemonade with sugar in it and half was given a glass of lemonade with sugar substitute. Twelve minutes later, when the glucose from the lemonade with sugar in it had had time to enter the students blood, the researchers administered a d
35、ecision-making task that was designed to determine if the participant was using intuition or reason to make up his mind.The students were asked to think about where they wanted to live in the coming year and given three accommodation options that varied both in size and distance from the university
36、campus. Two of the options were good, but in different ways: one was far from the campus, but very large; the other was close to campus, but smaller. The third option was a decoy, similar to one of the good options, but obviously not quite as good. If it was close to campus and small, it was not qui
37、te as close as the good close option and slightly smaller. If it was far from campus and large, it was slightly smaller than the good large option and slightly farther away.Psychologists have known for a long time that having a decoy option in a decision-making task draws people to choose a reasonab
38、le option that is similar to the decoy. Dr. Masicampo and Dr. Baumeister suspected that students who had been asked to work hard during the video and then been given a drink without any sugar in it would be more likely to rely on intuition when making this decision than those from the other three gr
39、oups. And that is what happened; 64% of them were swayed by the decoy. Those who had either not had to exert mental energy during the showing of the video or had been given glucose in their lemonade, used reason in their decision-making task and were less likely to be swayed by the decoy.It is not c
40、lear why intuition is independent of glucose. It could be that humans inherited a default nervous system from other mammals that was similar to intuition, and that could make snap decisions about whether to fight or flee regardless of how much glucose was in the body.Whatever the reason, the upshot
41、seems to be that thinking is, indeed, hard work. And important decisions should not be made on an empty stomach.（分数：5.00）(1).The word “taxing“ in the first paragraph means（分数：1.00）A.tiring.B.imposing taxation.C.paying taxation.D.relaxing.(2).In E. J. Masicampo and Roy Baumeisters study, about _ stud
42、ents who received no instructions in the video watching were given a glass of lemonade with sugar in it.（分数：1.00）A.121B.60C.30D.15(3).Which group of students tended to be swayed by the decoy, according to the study?（分数：1.00）A.The no-watching-instructions group that had been given glucose in their le
43、monade.B.The no-watching-instructions group having been given sugar substitute in their lemonade.C.The mental-energy-exerting group that had been given glucose in their lemonadeD.The mental-energy-exerting group that had been given sugar substitute in their lemonade.(4).Which of the following is NOT
44、 true, according to the study?（分数：1.00）A.Peoples blood-sugar level is affected by the process of reasoning.B.Whether people resort to reasoning or intuition may depend on their blood-sugar level.C.Both reasoning and intuition are certainly affected by peoples blood-sugar level.D.It is not wise to ma
45、ke important decisions when one is hungry.(5).The last paragraph suggests that（分数：1.00）A.people are not able to make important decisions when hungry.B.decisions made on an empty stomach may be unreasonableC.people are less intelligent when they are hungry.D.people are more intelligent when they are
46、hungry.八、TEXT C(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Considering how jazz is transcribed in Chinese (jueshi), you may be misled into assuming that it is an aristocratic cultural form. Nothing could be further from the truth. It originated among black Americans at the end of the 19th century, at a time when they occupied t
47、he very bottom of the American social heap.So how has something that was created by a once downtrodden and despised minority acquired a central place in todays American culture? Perhaps the essence of America is that you could never get two Americans to agree on just what that might be. After thinki
48、ng about it for a while, we might chuckle and say, “Hmm, seems like being American is a bit more complicated than we thought.“ Certainly things like individualism, success (the “American Dream“), innovation and tolerance stand out. But these things come together because of our ability to work with o
49、ne another and find common purpose no matter how diverse we might be.Some, like African-American writer Ralph Ellison, believe that jazz captures the essence of America. For good reason, for in jazz all of the characteristics I mentioned above come together. The solos are a celebration of individual brilliance that cant take place without the group efforts of the rhythm section. Beyond that, t
