1、专业八级-384 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、PART LISTENING COM(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、SECTION A(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Five Main Literary Movements in American History. Transcendentalism born in 1 : the north eastern part of the US people can achieve spirituality without 2 individualism was highly praised Ralph Waldo Em
2、erson: Nature as a representative of the movement . Romanticism spread from Britain and Germany centered on imagination and strong emotions American works include the supernatural and focus on human 3 Edgar Allen Poe: best known for tales of 4 . Realism started in France focused on events that were
3、ordinary and typical rather than extraordinary many writers were also concerned with 5 Mark Twain: wrote about ordinary life in the 6 part of America . Naturalism had roots in France a person“s behavior is influenced by 7 a person cannot escape his destiny or fate Jack London: humans behave like ani
4、mals in 8 . Modernism started in Europe probably can be described with the word 9 find out what doesn“t work and replace it with what does Ezra Pound: completely changed the concept of 10 （分数：10.00）填空项 1:_三、SECTION B(总题数：5，分数：5.00)1.Which of the following factors is NOT mentioned by Edward in choosi
5、ng the location of a house?（分数：1.00）A.Way of life one enjoys leading.B.Proximity to the work place.C.Convenience of other family members.D.Distance from relatives and friends.2.According to Edward, which of the following is CORRECT?（分数：1.00）A.A sociable person is suitable to live in the city suburbs
6、.B.Suburban houses are more expensive than houses in cities.C.City suburbs are conveniently located for commuting to work.D.City suburbs are popular among the young generation.3.Why are the town houses rarely less expensive than semi-detached houses?（分数：1.00）A.Because they are usually built on expen
7、sive property.B.Because they take too much space in cities.C.Because they have larger room for price to go up.D.Because they are built luxuriously and elegantly.4.If you decide to buy an old house, you“d better（分数：1.00）A.have a professional surveyor check it thoroughly.B.have the owner repair and re
8、novate it thoroughly.C.find out the remaining life expectancy of the house.D.check all things yourself to make sure they work well.5.What is Edward“s idea about the size of a garden attached to a house?（分数：1.00）A.The bigger, the better.B.The smaller, the better.C.It depends on the owner“s preference
9、 and time.D.It depends on the size of the house.四、SECTION C(总题数：4，分数：5.00)6.According to news, the West Virginia coal mine disaster（分数：1.00）A.caused minor injuries.B.was the worst one since 1984.C.was caused by terrorist attack.D.happened in early morning.7.The rescue operation has stopped temporari
10、ly because（分数：1.00）A.the weather was bad.B.there was risk of another blast.C.there was another blast.D.no survivor has been found.8.Question 8 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question.Now listen to the news. Which of the followi
11、ng statements about Mr. Singh is INCORRECT?（分数：1.00）A.His family was too poor to send him to school.B.He strongly advocated the new law.C.He was an economist as well as a politician.D.He attributed his success to education.Questions 9 and 10 are based on the following news. At the end of the news it
12、em, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.Now listen to the news. （分数：2.00）(1).Researchers say light exercise may help to（分数：1.00）A.reduce the risk of difficult labor.B.improve the intelligence of the baby.C.control weight in the womb.D.have larger babies.(2).Heavy babies tend to（分数：1
13、.00）A.be overweight.B.be healthier.C.be thinner later in life.D.get mental diseases.五、PART READING COMPR(总题数：0，分数：0.00)六、TEXT A(总题数：1，分数：5.00)When Arsenal, an English football club, took on Reading in 2007, the cover of the official program featured Theo Walcott, a young football player known for hi
14、s speed. A copy is on display near the town of Bhigwan in the Indian state of Maharashtra, in a factory belonging to Ballarpur Industries Limited (BILT). It is India“s biggest maker of writing and printing paper, including the glossy stock that Arsenal supporters browse before kick-off. BILT is part
15、 of the Avantha Group, a corporation headed by Gautam Thapar that spans agribusiness, power and manufacturing, among other things. The group has grown at a pace that would shame Mr. Walcott, earning revenues of about $4 billion in 2009, compared with $1 billion in 2003. It provides one example of ho
16、w corporate India might evolve, as it globalizes its operations, professionalizes its management and modernizes its technologies, while remaining a family corporation. The group was founded in the 1920s by Karam Chand Thapar, who passed it on to his son, Lalit Mohan. Like many family corporations, i
17、t split in its third generation. But it split amicably, leaving Mr. Thapar with the lion“s share of the businesses. Other corporate siblings squabble over the family name. Mr. Thapar dropped it, rebranding the group “Avantha“ in 2007. Mr. Thapar cites a European tradition, where the heirs to family
18、businesses first go off to try their luck elsewhere, before returning to the family fold. By accident, if not by design, he enjoyed a similar upbringing. As the second son of Lalit Mohan“s brother, Gautam grew up “twice removed from any position of inheritance.“ That was probably just as well. Sudhi
19、r Trehan, who runs Crompton Greaves, Avantha“s electrical equipment-maker, jokes that when he joined as a trainee in 1972, the management would not drink tea unless it were served with white gloves from a silver pot. That complacent culture could not survive the less sheltered economy of the 1990s.
20、Mr. Thapar became boss of BILT after steering it clear of bankruptcy in the latter half of that decade. Thereafter his uncle left him free to get on with it. Mr. Thapar cultivates a similar relationship with those who work for him, giving promising young executives responsibility for smaller units e
21、arly on, so they can make their mistakes before the stakes get too big. “You actually believe it“s your company,“ says Vineet Chhabra, head of Global Green, a subsidiary which exports foods to 50 countries. One advantage of a corporation is that it allows the ambitious to graduate from one company t
22、o another without leaving the group. When Mr. Chhabra began to feel irritated by Global Green“s small scale, he was given that option. But instead he chose to turn Global Green into the bigger company he wanted to run. With the group“s backing, it acquired Intergarden, a Belgian company three times
23、its size. The purchase illustrates another advantage of the corporation: it gives units access to finance they could not raise on their own. Indian companies typically buy firms abroad to secure materials, markets, or technologies. Avantha has gone in search of all three. Intergarden, for example, g
24、ave Global Green valuable customer relationships. BILT bought a Malaysian firm to gain access to its timber. Crompton Greaves wanted Pauwels, a Belgian company, mainly for its know-how. Mr. Thapar is unusual among Indian businessmen in seeking inspiration (as well as acquisitions and markets) in con
25、tinental Europe. In both Europe and India, he points out, the state remains a big owner of enterprise, the capital markets have yet to supersede banks as a source of corporate finance, and share ownership is often concentrated in family hands. Even the group“s new name is an unlikely mix of Indian a
26、nd European. It evokes both the Sanskrit for “strong foundations“ and the French for “advance“ a combination worth trading the family name for.（分数：5.00）(1).Why does the author say in the second paragraph “The group has grown at a pace that would shame Mr. Walcott.“?（分数：1.00）A.Because the group has g
27、one bankrupt.B.Because such events would never happen again.C.Because Mr. Walcott didn“t play well afterward.D.Because the group developed at an unbelievable speed.(2).The word amicably in “But it split amicably“ in the third paragraph means（分数：1.00）A.peacefully.B.anxiously.C.seriously.D.ambitiously
28、.(3).According to the passage, which of the following is brought about by self-satisfied culture?（分数：1.00）A.Bankruptcy.B.Inability to handle crisis.C.Firms“ prosperity.D.Efficient management.(4).Which is NOT seen as a benefit of a corporation?（分数：1.00）A.To enable the company to retain ambitious staf
29、f.B.To back up the company“s acquisition.C.To give units access to finance.D.To add long-term value to company“s performance.(5).The passage cites the following examples EXCEPT _ to show Mr. Thapar“s uniqueness in running business.（分数：1.00）A.encouraging young managers to take responsibilityB.acquiri
30、ng foreign firmsC.searching for inspiration and marketsD.contribution to national economy七、TEXT B(总题数：1，分数：4.00)Boundaries have underpinned pretty much every aspect of my life, both past and present. From the profound lack of them in early childhood right through to growing up and discovering ways t
31、o create ones clear enough and strong enough to be able to stay off drugs, out of prison and create healthy relationships with friends, family and colleagues. The emotional and psychological free for all spiraling around me as a kid pretty much guaranteed that I“d develop a series of debilitating ad
32、dictions, court potentially lethal violence and begin the slow inevitable slide toward prison. An early death was always on the cards. The profound lack of boundaries throughout my father“s own life lead to his suicide. Seeing how his inability to create a safe boundary around his dysfunctional emot
33、ional life contributed to his early death, woke me up to what I needed to do to stay off drugs, out of prison and alive. It“s no surprise to me then that the biggest problem we have when working with young people in prison is around boundaries. Implementing and holding them is key to the work we do
34、in Write to Freedom (W2F). Young people from dysfunctional families who end up in custody seem to have a built in biological default to test any form of boundary presented to them. If there“s a weak boundary in our staff team the young prisoners make it their business to push it to breaking point. E
35、very weekend we“ve organized has had a problem with the security clearance needed to get the lads out and onto the moors. There are always a variety of reasons for this, not least of all the volatility of the young people themselves. Whatever the reason, each weekend we“ve set up we“ve found ourselv
36、es below the minimum number set to make a weekend happen. So we ended up walking onto the wings, going from cell to cell looking for rookies to come on a writing weekend on Dartmoor. Locked cell door or open Devon moor? The decision for them is clearly a no brainer. Doing this has lead to lads comin
37、g on the weekend who were far from ready to engage with what we were asking of them. As a result we faced chaos and stress that could easily have been avoided. So I tightened up the criteria. Each participant had to complete three memoir based assignments before the weekend. All was good till the se
38、curity board meeting two days before the March weekend. Out of the four lads who“d worked hard, completed the assignments and proved their understanding and commitment to W2F, only one was cleared to leave prison for the weekend. I could easily have done the same thing as last time, gone from wing t
39、o wing to build the numbers back up, I wanted to believe me, and Ashfield put pressure on me to do it. But we chose to stick to the assessment criteria. Right or wrong it had to be kept. The weekend has been postponed till May. The psychology of boundaries, implicit and explicit, for the staff and p
40、articipants in W2F is crucial to making the work we do safe. It builds trust, even if it means I do something I don“t want to, like cancel a weekend after so much work has gone into its preparation. This is about self esteem; of the staff and the participants. Low self esteem crippled me in my early
41、 years and is still prone to erosion if I“m not careful. Boundaries inside and outside were the making of me. Lack of boundaries for these young people led them to prison. Everybody needs a line that must not be crossed. Boundaries create trust. This can and has lead to changed lives and changed rel
42、ationships, and offers all of us hope in the darkest of times.（分数：4.00）(1).According to the passage, the serious consequence of being short of boundaries would be the following EXCEPT（分数：1.00）A.a loss of consciousness.B.addiction to drugs.C.committing crimes.D.committing suicide.(2).What is the role
43、 of the 4th and 5th paragraphs in the development of the topic?（分数：1.00）A.To show how the author persuaded young people to be boundary-limited.B.To describe how lads worked hard to finish their assignment.C.To offer supporting evidence to the preceding paragraph.D.To provide a contrast to the preced
44、ing paragraphs.(3).When the author discussed the emotional and psychological boundaries,（分数：1.00）A.he is in favor of it.B.his view is balanced.C.he is critical of it.D.he is anxious about it.(4).Which category of writing does the passage belong to?（分数：1.00）A.Narration.B.Description.C.Argumentation.D
45、.Exposition.八、TEXT C(总题数：1，分数：6.00)We keep an eye out for wonders, my daughter and I, every morning as we walk down our farm lane to meet the school bus. And wherever we find them, they reflect the magic of water: a spider web drooping with dew like a necklace. A rain-colored heron rising from the c
46、reek bank. One astonishing morning, we had a visitation of frogs. Dozens of them hurtled up from the grass ahead of our feet, launching themselves, white-bellied, in bouncing arcs, as if we“d been caught in a downpour of amphibians. It seemed to mark the dawning of some new watery age. On another da
47、y we met a snapping turtle in his olive drab armor. Normally this is a pond-locked creature, but some ambition had moved him onto our gravel lane, using the rainy week as a passport from our farm to somewhere else. The little, nameless creek tumbling through our hollow holds us in bondage. Before we
48、 came to southern Appalachia, we lived for years in Arizona, where a permanent brook of that size would merit a nature preserve. In the Grand Canyon State, every license plate reminded us that water changes the face of the land, splitting open rock desert like a peach, leaving mile-deep gashes of in
49、finite hue. Cities there function like space stations, importing every ounce of fresh water from distant rivers. But such is the human inclination to take water as a birthright that public fountains still may bubble in Arizona“s town squares and farmers there raise thirsty crops. Retirees from rainier climates irrigate green lawns that impersonate the grasslands they left behind. The truth encroaches on all the fantasies, though, when desert residents wait months between rains, watching cacti tighten their belts and roadr
