1、专业八级-368 及答案解析(总分：101.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPART LISTENIN(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、BSECTION A/B(总题数：1，分数：10.00)IIn this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete
2、a gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE after the mini-lecture. Use the blank sheet for note taking.Now listen to the mini-lecture./IThe PyramidsSome of the most interesting buildings in the world are the pyramids. The pyramids stand huge and silent, and in modem days, people look at them and wonder,
3、 “Who built them? Why? When? What is inside? How did they do it?“Thousands of years ago in Egypt, kings built the pyramids.They used to build them as U U 1 /U /U. The kings thought the pyramids would help them find life after U U 2 /U /U, and join Ra in his journeys U U 3 /U /Uthe sky. They also wan
4、ted the world to remember them as important people. Some pyramids were found by thieves who in fact found their way into the pyramids and into most of the pharaohs tombs. The tombs were still full of treasure.There are many pyramids along the U U 4 /U /URiver. The U U 5 /U /Uis the pyramid of Khufu.
5、 It is made of 2, 300, 000 huge U U 6 /U /U, most of them higher than a person. It is about 144 meters high. Inside the pyramid are the burial rooms for the king and queen and long passageways to these rooms. The rest of the pyramid is solid stone.Workers usually built the pyramids when the flood be
6、gan in U U 7 /U /Uand they could not work on their farms. To build the pyramid of Khufu, 100, 000 men worked for twenty years.We know there were wonderful treasures in the pyramids. Robbers went into the pyramids and took many of these treasures. Today some of the treasures are in museums, though.Ho
7、w did the people of ancient days build the pyramids? How did they carry and lift the huge stones? Each stone fit so well and they didnt have our modem machines! The ancient U U 8 /U /Uin Egyptian tombs give us some ideas. The workers used U U 9 /U /U, levers and rollers to move stones. Besides the E
8、gyptian pyramids, there are also great pyramids in U U 10 /U /Uwhich were used for human sacrifice and different from Egyptian tombs in shape and other aspects. （分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_三、BSECTION B/B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)I In this section you will hea
9、r everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question on your answer sheet./I （分数：5.00）(1).According to Dr. Neil, in what way is family life different now? A. Parents are not as good as they used to be. B. More people are getting
10、 remarried after divorce. C. There are more one-parent or single-parent families. D. More people approve of mothers going out to work.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Which of the following is NOT mentioned as substitute parents? A. Group leaders. B. Television. C. Baby-sitters. D. Play groups.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.
11、(3).According to the interview, all of the following are the roles of primary teachers EXCEPT A. helping children to acquire good habits. B. reinforcing what the parents are doing, C. starting children reading and writing. D. informing children of different messages.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).According to
12、 Dr. Neil, what is the most noticeable effect of smaller families? A. There is less mixing of ages in smaller families. B. Children can get more affection from their parents, C. Children can live in a more loving environment. D. Children are able to enjoy better living condition.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5)
13、.According to the interview, Dr. Neils attitude toward substitute parents is that A. substitutes can take the responsibilities of parents, B. its acceptable to let substitutes look after children. C. perhaps substitutes can play a better role than parents. D. parents should be cautious to choose sub
14、stitutes.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.四、BSECTION C/B(总题数：2，分数：4.00)（分数：2.00）(1).What does the news item say about the fires in Greece? A. Fires only occurred near the Greek capital. B. Fires near the capital caused casualties. C. Fires near the capital were the biggest. D. Fires near the capital were soon under
15、 control.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).According to the news, what measure did authorities take to fight the fires? A. Residents were asked to vacate their homes. B. Troops were brought in to help the firefighters. C. Air operations and water drops continued overnight. D. Another six fire engines joined the
16、firefighting operation.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.（分数：2.00）(1).The reasons why the church wanted to burn Harry Potter books didnt include that _. A. it believed that the books were an abhorrence to God B. it believed that the books would weaken the communication with God C. it believed that the existence of G
17、od had been confused by the book D. it believed that the books would ruin the lifves of many young people（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Which statement is not true? A. The stories of Harry Potter are criticized in some other cities in U.S except New Mexicon B. Young people are fascinated with Harry Potter C.
18、Christian churches hate Harry Potter D. Pastor Jack Brock planned to burn the Harry Potter books on Sunday（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.五、BPART READING (总题数：0，分数：0.00)六、BTEXT A/B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Dr Corell heads a team of some 300 scientists who have spent the past four years investigating the matter in a process k
19、nown as the Arctic Climate Impact Assessment (ACIA). The group, drawn from the eight countries with territories inside the Arctic Circle, has just issued a report called “Impacts of a Warming Arctic“, a lengthy summary of the principal scientific findings.Scientists have long suspected that several
20、factors lead to greater temperature swings at the poles than elsewhere on the planet. One is albedo (反照率)-the posh scientific name for how much sunlight is reflected by a planets surface, and how much is reflected. Most of the polar regions are covered in snow and ice, which are much more reflective
21、 than soil or ocean. If that snow melts, the exposure of dark earth (which absorbs heat) acts as a feedback loop that accelerates warming. A second factor that makes the poles special is that the atmosphere is thinner there than at the equator, and so less energy is required to warm it up. A third f
22、actor is that less solar energy is lost in evaporation at the frigid poles than in the steamy tropics.Arctic warming may influence the global climate in several ways. One is that huge amounts of methane, a particularly potent greenhouse gas, are stored in the permafrost of the tundra. Although a tha
23、w would allow forests to invade the tundra, which would tend to ameliorate any global warming that is going on (since trees capture carbon dioxide, the greenhouse gas most talked about in the context of climate change), a melting of the permafrost might also lead to a lot of trapped methane being re
24、leased into the atmosphere, more than offsetting the cooling effects of the new forests.Another worry is that Arctic warming will influence ocean circulation in ways that are not fully understood. One link in the chain is the salinity of sea water, which is decreasing in the north Atlantic thanks to
25、 an increase in glacial meltwaters. Because fresh water and salt water have different densities, this “freshening“ of the ocean could change circulation patterns. The most celebrated risk is to the mid-Atlantic Conveyor Belt, a current which brings warm water from the tropics to north-western Europe
26、, and which is responsible for that regions unusually mild winters. Some of the ACIAs experts are fretting over evidence of reduced density and salinity in waters near the Arctic that could adversely affect this current.The biggest popular worry, though, is that melting Arctic ice could lead to a dr
27、amatic rise in sea level. Here, a few caveats are needed. For a start, much of the ice in the Arctic is floating in the sea already. Archimedess principle shows that the melting of this ice will make no immediate difference to the seas level, although it would change its albedo. Second, if land ice,
28、 such as that covering Greenland, does melt in large quantities, the process will take centuries. And third, although the experts are indeed worried that global warming might cause the oceans to rise, the main way they believe this will happen is by thermal expansion of the water itself.Nevertheless
29、, there is some cause for nervousness. As the ACIA researchers document, there are signs that the massive Greenland ice sheet might be melting more rapidly than was thought a few years ago. Cracks in the sheet appear to be allowing melt water to trickle to its base, explains Michael Oppenheimer, a c
30、limatologist at Princeton University who was not one of the reports authors. That water may act as a lubricant, speeding up the sheets movement into the sea. If the entire sheet melted, the sea might rise by 6-7 metres. While acknowledging that disintegration this century is still an unlikely outcom
31、e, Dr Oppenheimer argues that the evidence of the past few years suggests it is more likely to happen over the next few centuries if the world does not reduce emissions of greenhouse gases. He worries that an accelerating Arctic warming trend may yet push the ice melt beyond an “irreversible on/off
32、switch“.Not everybody wants to hear a story like that. But what people truly believe is happening can be seen in their actions better than in their words. One of the reports most confident predictions is that the break-up of Arctic ice will open the region to long-distance shipping and, ironically,
33、to drilling for oil and gas. It is surely no coincidence, then, that the Danish government, which controls Greenland, has just declared its intention to claim the mineral rights under the North Pole. It, at least, clearly believes that the Arctic ocean may soon be ice-free.（分数：5.00）(1).Which of the
34、following factors may lead to greater temperature changes at the poles than elsewhere on the planet? A. The albedo of the poles will be larger if snow melts. B. the albedo of snow is larger than that of the exposed dark earth if snow melts. C. More energy is needed to warm up the Arctic since the at
35、mosphere there is thinner. D. Less solar energy is lost in volatilization at the poles than at the equator.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Which of the following statements about the mid-Atlantic Conveyor Belt is wrong? A. The current brings warm water from the tropics to north-western Europe. B. It is respons
36、ible for the mild winters in the Arctic. C. It is caused by the freshening of the ocean: the water in the north Atlantic will lose saltiness because of the different densities. D. If the ACIAs experts worry becomes true, climate of the north-western Europe will be influenced.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Wha
37、t does the word “caveat“ in line 2, paragraph 5 most probably mean? A. A warning. B. A qualification. C. A explanation. D. A formal notice filed by an interested party with a court or officer, requesting the postponement of a proceeding until the filer is heard.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).What does the aut
38、hor imply in the last paragraph by the sentence “But what people truly believe is happening can be seen in their actions better than in their words“? A. Not everybody wants to hear a story like that. B. One of the reports most confident predictions is that the break-up of Arctic ice will open the re
39、gion to long-distance shipping and, ironically, to drilling for oil and gas. C. The Danish government, which controls Greenland, has just declared its intention to claim the mineral rights under the North Pole. D. None of the above.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).The passage can best be found in _. A. an encyc
40、lopedia B. science fiction C. a magazine D. a dissertation（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.七、BTEXT B/B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)If there was one thing Americans had a right to expect from Congress, it was a federal plan to help the elderly pay for prescription drugs. It is a promise that has been made again and again-in parti
41、cularly high decibels during the last presidential election. The House and Senate have passed bills, and although both are flawed, this page has urged Congress to finish work on them as a first step toward fulfilling this longstanding commitment.Unfortunately, things have changed. The government can
42、not afford the program now. That is the fault of President Bush and the Republican majorities in the House and Senate. They broke the bank with their enormous tax cuts. The country is facing the largest budget deficit in history, and there is no realistic plan for getting it under control. The limit
43、ed version of a prescription drug benefit now being considered in Congress would cost about $400 billion over 10 years.Older Americans had a right to expect that help, but they do not have a right to demand it, not when it would be financed by borrowing, with the bills to be paid by their grandchild
44、ren.Mr. Bush, a specialist in pain avoidance, told people that they could have the programs they wanted prescription drugs for the elderly, better schools for children along with modest tax cuts for the middle class and whoppers for the wealthy. When 9/11 occurred, the president simply added the war
45、 on terror, and then the war on Saddam Hussein, to the list. For all his talk about fiscal conservatism, Mr. Bush has never vetoed a spending bill, even the obscene $ 180 billion farm subsidy program. To pay for it all, he simply increased the deficit.Deficits in and of themselves are not necessaril
46、y a problem, but the current one is frightening for two reasons. One is its size: projected at well above $500 billion for next year, and approaching 5 percent of the gross domestic product. The Other is its permanence. Cutting taxes temporarily to fight the recession made sense, but the Bush tax cu
47、ts are meant to be permanent even though Congress gave most of them a phony 10- year expiration date in an attempt to mask their effect.Dropping the proposal is, of course, just what a large chunk of the Republican Party was hoping for all along. For those Republicans, deficits are a useful tool to
48、beat back popular entitlement programs-a “starve the beast“ strategy, in the words of Ronald Reagans budget director. Democrats in Congress, meanwhile, rail against the deficit, but they are still pushing for the prescription drug plan. Like the tax-cutters, they are simply building up to some sort of financial Armageddon like soaring interest rates or a coll
