1、专业八级-348 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPART LISTENIN(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、BSECTION A/B(总题数：1，分数：10.00)In this section, youll hear a mini-lecture. Youll hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but youll need them to complete a gap-fil
2、ling task after the mini-lecture. When the lecture is over, youll be given two minutes to check your notes, and another 10 minutes to complete the gap-filling task. Now listen to the mini-lecture.Complete the gap-filling task. Some of the gaps below may require a maximum of THREE words. Make sure th
3、e word(s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may refer to your notes.Controlling Your ConcentrationThe concerned information of concentrationAYour attention span U U 1 /U /Ue.g. the ticking of a watch soundsas if it increases and fadesalthough the intensity of i
4、t is constantBYou pay attention to one thing at a time a(n) U U 2 /U /U: you attend to several concepts at a time in high concentration: the shift from focus of attention isa) of short U U 3 /U /Ub) relatively infrequentCU U 4 /U /Uof your attention vary to different degrees high level: long periods
5、 of attending; short distraction periods low level: short periods of attending; long distraction periods moderate level: a mixture of two extremese.g. One cant concentrate because U U 5 /U /Uare too strongTwo sorts of distractorsAPsychological distractors U U 6 /U /Uare the most powerful distractors
6、a) angry man forgets the painb) fearful man is hard to be happyc) anxious man is uneasy about the smallest of matters people act U U 7 /U /Uunder pressureBPhysical distractors traits: always present and rarely understood physical distractors on mental tasksa) background music could affectcomprehensi
7、on and U U 8 /U /Ub) distractors affect the ability to recall accuratelyc) noise affects mental task adverselyRoutine and U U 9 /U /Uare affected differently by distractorsADistraction may not affect routine tasks in some backgroundsBExceptional people do well under U U 10 /U /Ubecause motivation pl
8、ays importantly differences exist in individual spans of attention （分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_三、BSECTION B/B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)In this section youll hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow.At the end of th
9、e interview youll be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions.Now listen to the interview.（分数：5.00）(1).Food can affect people in all the following aspects EXCEPT _. A.mood and feeling B.stress coping ability C.way of thinking D.depth of thinking（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Which of th
10、e following food can both make people happy and release stress? A.Potatoes, cereals and fish. B.Fruits and vegetables. C.Milk and dairy products. D.Crunchy foods.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Which of the following food can NOT help with stress? A.Foods with healthy fat. B.Dairy products. C.Alcoholic and non
11、-alcoholic drinks. D.Foods rich in protein and vitamin B6.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Which of the following can be the first choice in making us energetic? A.Liquid like water. B.Eggs and soy. C.Chocolate. D.Coffee and tea.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).Which of the following statements is CORRECT? A.Fish has no fa
12、t and is full of vitamin . B.Lean beef contains both protein and vitamin B12. C.Peanut butter contains healthy fat. D.Tea helps export poisonous substance from the brain.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.四、BSECTION C/B(总题数：2，分数：5.00)In this section youll hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer th
13、e questions that follow. At the end of the news item, youll be given 20 seconds to answer each question.Now listen to the news.（分数：3.00）(1).Mike Tyson was put in prison last August because he _. A.violated the traffic law B.illegally attacked a boxer C.attacked sb after a traffic accident D.failed t
14、o finish his contract（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The licence granted to Tyson to fight will be terminated _. A.by the end of the year B.in over a year C.in August D.in a few weeks（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).The Russian documents are expected to draw great attention because _. A.they cover the whole story of the f
15、ormer U.S. president B.the assassin used to live in the former Soviet Union C.they are the only official documents released about Kennedy D.they solved the mystery surrounding Kennedys assassination语音下载（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.（分数：2.00）(1).In the recent three months, Hong Kongs unemployment rate has _. A.in
16、creased slowly B.decreased gradually C.stayed steady D.become unpredictable（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).According to the news, which of the following statements is TRUE? A.Business conditions have worsened in the past three months. B.The past three months have seen a declining trend in job offers. C.The ris
17、e of unemployment rate in some sectors equals the fall in others. D.The unemployment rate in all sectors of the economy remains unchanged.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.五、BPART READING (总题数：0，分数：0.00)六、BTEXT A/B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Do mobile phones cause explosions at petrol stations? That question has just been exhaus
18、tively answered by Adam Burgess, a researcher at the University of Kent, in England. Oddly, however, Dr. Burgess is not a physicist, but a sociologist. For the concern rests not on scientific evidence of any danger, but is instead the result of sociological factors: it is an urban myth, supported an
19、d propagated by official sources, but no less a myth for that. Dr. Burgess presented his findings this week at the annual conference of the British Sociological Association.Mobile phones started to become widespread in the late 1980s, when the oil industry was in the middle of a concerted safety dri
20、ve, Dr. Burgess notes. This was, in large part, a response to the Piper Alpha disaster in 1988, when 167 people died in an explosion on an oil platform off the Scottish coast. The safety drive did not apply merely to offshore operations, employees at some British oil-company offices are now required
21、 to use handrails while walking up and down stairs, for example. So nobody questioned the precautionary ban on the use of mobile phones at petrol stations. The worry was that an electrical spark might ignite explosive fumes.By the late 1990s, however, phone makers having conducted their own research
22、 realised that there was no danger of phones causing explosions since they could not generate the required sparks. But it was too late. The myth had taken hold.One problem, says Dr. Burgess, is that the number of petrol-station fires increased in the late 1990s, just as mobile phones were proliferat
23、ing. Richard Coates, BPs fire-safety adviser, investigated many of the 243 such fires that occurred around the world between 1993 and 2004. He concluded that most were indeed caused by sparks igniting petrol vapour, but the sparks themselves were the result of static electricity, not electrical equi
24、pment. Most drivers will have experienced a mild electric shock when climbing out of their vehicles. It is caused by friction between driver and seat, with the result that both end up electrically charged. When the driver touches the metal frame of the vehicle, the result is sometimes a spark.A furt
25、her complication was the rise of the Internet, where hoax memos, many claiming to originate from oil companies, warned of the danger of using mobile phones in petrol stations. Such memos generally explain static fires quite accurately, but mistakenly attribute them to mobile phones. Official denials
26、, says Dr. Burgess, simply inflame the suspicions of conspiracy theorists.Despite the lack of evidence that mobile phones can cause explosions, bans remain in place around the world, though the rules vary widely. For Dr. Burgess, such concerns are part of a broader pattern of unease about mobile pho
27、nes. There is a curious discrepancy, he notes, between the way that such phones have become indispensable, and the fact that they are also vaguely considered to be dangerous. The safety of mobile phones would appear to be not so much the province of the hard science of physics, as of the soft scienc
28、e of sociology.（分数：5.00）(1).The author writes about the Piper Alpha disaster to explain _. A.when mobile phones became widely-used B.how the myth of cell phone causing explosion was formed C.why oil industry developed strict safety requirements D.what is usually responsible for oil explosion（分数：1.00
29、）A.B.C.D.(2).Which of the following has contributed to the suspicion that mobile phones are not safe? A.The lack of response from phone manufacturers. B.Increase in the number of petrol-stations. C.Misinformation spread over the Internet. D.Official effort to disguise the truth.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).
30、According to the experts, explosions at petrol stations _. A.were in fact not caused by sparks B.were unrelated to electrical equipment C.resulted from vehicle drivers carelessness D.should be the focus of sociology instead of physics（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Which of the following is TRUE according to t
31、he passage? A.Dr. Burgess presented scientific evidence for mobile phone safety. B.The authorities denied the possibility that mobile phones cause an explosion. C.Most countries ban the use of mobile phones at petrol stations. D.Many experts agree that it is sensible to limit the use of mobiles.（分数：
32、1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).The text intends to express the idea that _. A.the debate over the safety of mobile phones has little to do with physics B.there is currently no scientific evidence to suggest the risk of mobile phones C.there is no evidence that cell phones can start gas station fires D.many factor
33、s contribute to the debate over the safety of mobile phones（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.七、BTEXT B/B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)“More of the good stuff. For less.“ So proclaims the new advertising campaign for Whole Foods Market, a hugely successful retailer of organic produce that, until now, has shown no interest whatever
34、in being seen as a value-for-money proposition. Indeed, the firm has been nicknamed “Whole Paycheck Market“. But the new ads carefully draw attention to a private-label range of produce with the frugal sounding brand name “365 Everyday Value“. Days earlier Martha Stewart Living Omnimedia announced a
35、 deal to sell a new “Martha Stewart Collection“ of home furnishings in Macys department stores. The firm already sells a “Martha Stewart Everyday“ range exclusively in the downmarket K-Mann retail chain.The two companies are examples of what are arguably now the two most noteworthy trends among the
36、swelling ranks of middle-class consumers around the worldtrends that appear to be, at first glance, at odds with each other. Until the 1990s, broadly speaking, shopping choices tended to reflect spending power. Today, however, middle-class shoppers around the world are not content to be stuck in med
37、iocrity. Instead, these consumers, who earn between $50,000 and 150,000, are “trading up and trading down“ both at the same time.This change is described in great detail in “Treasure Hunt. Inside the Mind of the New Consumer“, a new book by Michael Silverstein and John Butman. In an earlier book, “T
38、rading Up“, Mr Silverstein had explored one half of the change, the phenomenon of the middle-class occasionally treating themselves to luxuries that they would once have regarded as unaffordable. “Treasure Hunt“ reports on the other side of that coin, the popularity of trading down-hunting for basic
39、 goods at bargain prices, not least to generate the savings that can be lavished on the occasional luxury.Sales both at the top and bottom of the consumer market are rapidly growing while sales are being squeezed hard in the middle, though it is still the largest market segment in rich countries. Tr
40、ading-up salesthose in which a middle-class consumer pays a premium of 50%200% over mid-priced alternativeswere around $300 billion in America in 2002, and are now around $500 billion. The trading-down market, in which middle-class shoppers pay less than the mid-market price, is far bigger, at aroun
41、d $1 trillion in America, Mr Silverstein calculates, up from $700 billion three years ago.But trading down is, in fact, a misleading term. One reason why this change has taken place is that the discount retailers have raised the quality of their products. A second development is the rapid increase i
42、n transparency in consumer markets, thanks not least to the Internet, points out Don Tapscott, author of “The Naked Corporation“. When price comparisons on Froogle are only a click away, it has become a sign of sophistication to get the best price.Not everyone thinks this is a good thing, however. A
43、mericans, in particular, “have become addicted to the deal, which is leading them to do irrational things,“ argues Kate Newlin, author of another new book, “Shopportunity! How to be a Retail Revolutionary“. One consequence is that people buy lots of stuff they do not need chiefly because it seems to
44、 be a bargain. With so much unwanted stuff, often bought on credit, it is hardly surprising that storage is one of todays fastest-growing industries, says Ms Newlin.（分数：5.00）(1).What can be inferred about Whole Foods Market from the text? A.It does not accept payment by cash. B.It is carrying out it
45、s price cutting strategy. C.It usually offers high quality products at low prices. D.It owes its success to the emphasis on private-label products.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).All of the following help to explain why the mid-class shoppers buy cheap goods EXCEPT that _. A.frugality is being recommended B.th
46、e Internet has enhanced comparison shopping C.they will have a feeling of accomplishment D.their money will be saved for extravagancy（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).We can learn from the text that in wealthy countries, _. A.middle-class shopping population is shrinking B.the mid-market consumption remains top
47、C.the poor tend to live luxuriously occasionally D.the trading-up segment grows faster than the trading-down segment（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Which book touches upon both trading up and trading down? A.“Trading-up“. B.“The Naked Corporation“. C.“Shopportunity! How to be a Retail Revolutionary“. D.“Treasure Hunt: Inside the Mind of the New Consumer“.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).Which of the following is TRUE of the text? A.Martha Stewart moves downmarket into Macys. B.The trend of trading up appears earlier than trading down. C.The middle class used to stick to the mid-market
