1、专业八级-347 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPART LISTENIN(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、BSECTION A/B(总题数：1，分数：10.00)In this section, youll hear a mini-lecture. Youll hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but youll need them to complete a gap-fil
2、ling task after the mini-lecture. When the lecture is over, youll be given two minutes to check your notes, and another 10 minutes to complete the gap-filling task. Now listen to the mini-lecture.Complete the gap-filling task. Some of the gaps below may require a maximum of THREE words. Make sure th
3、e word(s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may refer to your notes.Developing an Advertising CampaignGenerally speaking, four major steps are involved in the development of an adver-tising campaign.U U 1 /U /Uand analyzing the advertising targetAHave a dear id
4、ea of your advertising target critical: it is the U U 2 /U /Uof other stepsBAnalyze advertising targets to develop an information base for the campaignCreating the advertising platformAdvertising platform refers to the selling pointswhich an advertiser thinks are important to U U 3 /U /UOne of the b
5、est ways to determine what the selling points are is through U U 4 /U /UDeveloping the media planAFormulation of a media plan involves the U U 5 /U /Uof exact media time arrangement with each mediumBFactors to be considered in this step include characteristics of the target audience the U U 6 /U /Uo
6、f media the U U 7 /U /UExecuting the campaignAExecution of an advertising campaign requires much planning and U U 8 /U /UBDetailed U U 9 /U /Uare required to ensure everything is done on timeCU U 10 /U /Uof the quality of work is also necessary to make improvements （分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项
7、 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_三、BSECTION B/B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)In this section youll hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow.At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen t
8、o the interview.（分数：5.00）(1).The 1920s brought the following to Americans EXCEPT _. A.new ideas about wars B.a feeling of independence C.new styles of living D.a sense of freedom（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).According to the interview, which of the following is INCORRECT about young women in the 1920s? A.The
9、y didnt want to dress conservatively. B.They smoked more cigarettes than before. C.They drank wine with men in public. D.They listened to jazz and danced together.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).According to the interview, Professor Smith indicates that _. A.people are reluctant to talk about privacy publicly
10、in the 1920s B.American women were given more rights and choices in the 1920s C.many women were forced to join the army during the 1920s D.the number of students attending high school decreased in the 1920s（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Which of the following about changes in lives of American people is CORRE
11、CT? A.People in America all witnessed a radical change in their life. B.Blacks, foreigners, and other minority groups led an easier life. C.The number of women reporters and doctors increased. D.The number of women working outside the homes was still small.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).According to the inter
12、view, which of the following is NOT mentioned by Professor Smith? A.Music that attracted people. B.Forces that pushed the social changes. C.Sports that fascinated people. D.Subjects that people were interested in.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.四、BSECTION C/B(总题数：2，分数：5.00)In this section you will hear everything
13、ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of the news item, youll be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.Now listen to the news.（分数：2.00）(1).As an increasing practice, American schools pay students who _. A.give teachers extra help B.get engaged in many a
14、ctivities C.show up in class D.offer constructive advice（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Which of the following shows the result of the programme to pay students? A.It has nothing to do with higher math scores. B.It works sometimes, but its not panacea. C.It leads to higher scores in social studies. D.It encour
15、ages students to do better in science.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.（分数：3.00）(1).What is the main idea of the news item? A.Stricter security restrictions were imposed on luggage. B.Luggage delivery services offer travelers convenience. C.New services caused a lot of trouble in checking luggage. D.Airlines give t
16、ravelers opportunities to fly first class.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).What is the major drawback to the new luggage delivery services? A.The pickup time is not scheduled. B.Extra packaging is required. C.Valuables are easily lost. D.The price could be lower.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A poll by Dow Jones predicte
17、d that durable goods orders in February would _. A.drop 1.7% B.increase 1.7% C.drop 0.8% D.increase 0.8%语音下载（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.五、BPART READING (总题数：0，分数：0.00)六、BTEXT A/B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)The oil industry has been on a hot streak this year, thanks to a series of major discoveries that have rekindled a sen
18、se of excitement across the petroleum sector, despite falling prices and a tough economy. These discoveries, spanning five continents, are the result of hefty investments that began earlier in the decade when oil prices rose, and of new technologies that allow explorers to drill at greater depths an
19、d break tougher rocks. “Thats the wonderful thing about price signals in a free marketit puts people in a better position to take more exploration risk,“ said James T. Hackett, chairman and chief executive of Anadarko Petroleum.More than 200 discoveries have been reported so far this year in dozens
20、of countries, including northern Iraqs Kurdish region, Australia, Israel, Iran, Brazil, Norway, Ghana and Russia. They have been made by international giants, like Exxon Mobil, but also by industry minnows, like Tullow Oil. Just this month, BP said that it found a giant deepwater field that might tu
21、rn out to be the biggest oil discovery ever in the Gulf of Mexico, while Anadarko announced a large find in an “exciting and highly prospective“ region off Sierra Leone. It is normal for companies to discover billions of barrels of new oil every year, but this years pace is unusually brisk. New oil
22、discoveries have totaled about 10 billion barrels in the first half of the year, according to IHS Cambridge Energy Research Associates. If discoveries continue at that pace through year-end, they are likely to reach the highest level since 2000.While recent years have featured speculation about a co
23、ming peak and subsequent decline in oil production, people in the industry say there is still plenty of oil in the ground, especially beneath the ocean floor, even if finding and extracting it is becoming harder. They say that prices and the pace of technological improvement remain the principal fac
24、tors governing oil production capacity. While the industry is celebrating the recent discoveries, many executives are anxious about the immediate future, fearing that lower prices might jeopardize their exploration drive. The world economy is weak, oil prices have tumbled from last years records, co
25、rporate profits have shrunk, and global demand for oil remains low. After falling to $34 in December, oil prices have doubled, stabilizing near $70 a barrel. But if the world economy does not pick up, some analysts believe the price could fall again. Oil companies contend that is not a prospect they
26、 can afford. Despite reaping record profits in recent years, many executives have warned that they need prices above $60 a barrel to develop the worlds more challenging reserves. In fact, some exploration activity has already slowed this year, as producers seek better terms from service companies an
27、d contractors.It is not just oil that is benefiting from the exploration boom. Repsol, Spains biggest oil company, said this month that it had discovered what could turn out to be Venezuelas biggest natural gas field. In recent years, companies have found substantial natural gas reserves in the Unit
28、ed States, from shale rocks once believed to be impossible to drill.“The No. 1 question that exploration teams have right now is: Where do we go next?“ said Robert Fryklund, who ran the operations of ConocoPhillips in Libya and Brazil, and is a vice president in Houston at Cambridge Energy Research
29、Associates. Exploration spending swelled in recent years, partly to offset a doubling of costs throughout the industryfrom steel prices to the cost of renting deepwater drilling rigs. A big issue confronting the industry now is how to drive down costs while maintaining a high level of exploration. O
30、n average, costs have fallen by 15 to 20 percent from their peak, according to petroleum executives. Exploration remains a risky and costly business, where some deepwater wells can cost up to $100 million. From 30 to 50 percent of exploration wells find oil. Some executives are also worried the worl
31、d might face a shortfall in supplies in coming years if another decline in oil prices causes exploration to falter. The chief executive of the French oil giant Total, Christophe de Margerie has warned that such a supply crunch is possible by the middle of the next decade. “There could be a shortage
32、of capacity,“ he said.His concerns ecbocd those of Abdullah al-Badri, the secretary general of the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries, who said that lower oil prices also threatened investments by OPEC nations. Saudi Arabia is also unlikely to expand its production in coming years bec
33、ause of the uncertainty clouding future oil demand, Ali al-Naimi, the kingdoms oil minister, signaled earlier this month. Saudi Arabia is just completing a $100 billion program to increase its capacity to 12.5 million barrels a day, from around 9 million barrels a day just a few years ago.Although t
34、hey are substantial, the new finds do not match the giant fields discovered in the 1970s, like Alaskas Prudhoe Bay, Ekofisk in the North Sea, or Cantarell in Mexico. They are also dwarfed by the last enormous discovery, the Kashagan field in the Caspian Sea, discovered in 2000 and estimated to hold
35、over 20 billion barrels of oil. “We have not seen another Kashagan, but still these finds are very material,“ said Alan Murray, the exploration service manager at Wood Mackenzie, a consulting firm in Edinburgh. Since the early 1980s, discoveries have failed to keep up with the global rate of oil con
36、sumption, which last year reached 31 billion barrels of oil. Instead, companies have managed to expand production by finding new ways of getting more oil out of existing fields, or producing oil through unconventional sources, like Canadas tar sands or heavy oil in Venezuela.Reserve estimates typica
37、lly rise over the life of a field, which can often be productive for decades, as companies find new ways of getting more oil out of the ground. The industrys record has improved in recent years, thanks to high prices. According to Cambridge Energy Research Associates, oil companies have found more o
38、il than they produced for the last two years through a combination of exploration and field expansions. “The appetite for opening new frontiers when prices were low in the 1990s was very small,“ said Paolo Scaroni, the chief executive of Italys oil giant Eni. “Today, the biggest discovery of all is
39、technology.“（分数：5.00）(1).New discoveries in the oil industry are the result of the following EXCEPT _. A.rising oil prices B.new technologies C.severe competition D.substantial investments（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Many oil companies are concerned about the following EXCEPT _. A.rising costs B.low demand
40、C.a tough economy D.technological improvement（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).What can be inferred from the passage? A.Technology is a decisive factor in finding oil. B.Oil companies may stop exploring oil fields in the coming years. C.The new discoveries are not comparable to the ones in the 1970s. D.There wil
41、l be no oil fields to be found due to the massive exploration.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).What does the passage mainly tell us? A.The worries that oil companies face. B.The new discoveries that have been made. C.The major factors that affect oil production. D.The reasons why small companies have the larges
42、t finds.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).Which of the following is the best title for this passage? A.Oil Companies See a Bright Future B.Technology Is the Biggest Discovery of All C.Oil Industry Sets a Brisk Pace of New Discoveries D.Hefty Investments Make New Discoveries Possible（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.七、BTEXT B/B(总
43、题数：1，分数：5.00)The classic American identity theft scare works like this: the thief convinces some bank or credit card company hes actually you and borrows God knows how many dollars in your name. Once you discover and report this, youre not liable for money the bank lost, but neither are you entitled
44、 to compensation for the time and effort you spend straightening the matter out. Bear in mind that when I say “the thief convinces the bank hes you“, Im not talking about a brilliant actor and master of disguise who imitates your voice and mannerisms well enough to fool your own mother. No, all that
45、s necessary to fool a bank is your birth date and U.S. social security number, or just discarded credit card offer taken from your bin.Why are lenders so careless with their money? The snarky answer is: because they know taxpayers will bail them out. But identity theft was a problem in America long
46、before phrases like “too big to fail“ entered our vocabulary. I became an identity-theft statistic nine years ago, when I opened my mail to find a bill for a maxed-out credit card I never knew I had. I spent over two weeks cleaning the mess: filing police reports, calling the company, sitting on hol
47、d, getting disconnected and calling back to sit on hold again. Considering my salary back then, I spent over a thousand dollars worth of my timeand wasnt entitled to a penny in damages.It all could easily have been avoided, had the company made a minimal effort to ensure they were loaning money to m
48、e rather than my dishonest doppelganger. So why didnt they? Because that would take timeat least a day or two. And if people had to wait a day between applying for and receiving credit, on-the-spot loans would be impossible. Every major retail chain in America pushes these offers: “Apply for a store credit card and re
