1、专业八级-322 (1)及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPART LISTENIN(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Introduction Linguistics has both practical and philosophical motivations. So both, the first and second editions of this text were directed toward students of 1 _. many 1_. This third edition continues and further develops this
2、approach. We have aimed to dispel a number of myths about language and to discuss the various aspects of language from both an 2_and cur- 2 _. rent point of view. Part one is “The Nature of Human Language. “Then we discuss speech sounds or 3_and includes a passage on machines 3 _. that “talk” and “u
3、nderstand”. On phonology we demonstrate how sounds form 4_. Because 4 _. of this, written forms of language are very late in the history of human lan- guage. Then we discuss other 5 _ aspects of language how words 5 _. are formed; what words, phrases, and sentences mean; and how words are put togeth
4、er to form sentences. Morphology, semantics, syntax are very im- portant in our discussion and take an important role. In “Social Aspects of Language, “we consider language in 6 _ 6 _. and how languages change over time. In “The 7 _ Aspects of Lan- 7 _. guage, “we talk about child language, animal c
5、ommunication systems and 8 _. brain 8 _ underlying language knowledge and use. Also, the 9 _ languages of the deaf are discussed in greater 9 _. detail. The newest findings on whether chimpanzees and gorillas can learn language are presented. In every lesson the 10 underlying the di- l0 _. versity o
6、f phenomena observed in human language are highlighted.（分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_二、BSECTION B/B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)(1).Why did Mr. Green have a terrible fuel bill last winter?（分数：1.00）A.Because his wife overheated the house.B.Because his mother overhe
7、ated the house.C.Because his wife s mother overheated the house.D.Because he overheated the house.(2).In fact, people will feel very comfortable if the temperature in winter is _.（分数：1.00）A.70FB.80FC.75FD.65F(3).Whats the most popular heating system according to the engineer?（分数：1.00）A.Every room ha
8、s a heater.B.The Central room has a heater.C.A heat chamber heats air and passes the warm air through ducts and openings into rooms.D.The rooms are installed with blowers or convection.(4).Whats the shortcoming of the small individual air conditioners?（分数：1.00）A.Its too cold for people to adapt them
9、selves to the temperature.B.The temperature of the rooms is uncomfortable.C.The temperature of the rooms is quite uneven.D.Its difficult to install them in the rooms.(5).Its important to have vapor seals on the warm side to _.（分数：1.00）A.avoid gas when the air coolsB.avoid mist when the air coolsC.av
10、oid rapor when the air coolsD.avoid moisture when the air cools三、BSECTION C/B(总题数：2，分数：5.00)(1).Whats happening?（分数：1.00）A.A revolutionary NASA jet was destroyed in its first flight.B.A booster rocket veered out of control and tumlJled to the ground.C.A booster rocket was destroyed after it fulfille
11、d the task.D.A revolutionary NASA jet was destroyed after many flights.(2).Whats the commission of the X -43A prototype?（分数：1.00）A.To revolutionize research and develop speed.B.To revolutionize travel and shatter speed records.C.To revolutionize flight and explore outer space.D.To revolutionize expl
12、oration and increase experience.I Questions 8 to 10 are based on the following news from the VOA. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer each question. Now listen to the news./I（分数：3.00）(1).Wahid wanted to fire _.（分数：1.00）A.a cabinet memberB.the national police chiefC.a
13、lawmakerD.a Muslim scholar(2).Some senior legislators accused Wahid of _.（分数：1.00）A.violating the congress by embazzlementB.violating the constitution by hiring the chief without consulting congressC.violating the congress by firing the chief without consulting lawmakersD.violating the constitution
14、by firing the chief without consulting parliament(3).When did Wahid claim to fire Bimantoro?（分数：1.00）A.On Friday.B.On Saturday.C.On Thursday.D.On Wednesday.四、BPART READING (总题数：5，分数：5.00)1.In this passage which word can function as a synonym for “discernment”?（分数：1.00）A.Caution.B.Prudence.C.Cleverne
15、ss.D.Perception.2.What is one of the classic marks of a prudent person?（分数：1.00）A.Fully examining a situation.B.Seeking help from others.C.Reaching out to others for counsel before acting.D.Making a judgement very slowly.3.The auther is _.（分数：1.00）A.talking about the importance of prudence.B.talking
16、 about the necessity of caution.C.talking about the significance of discernment.D.trying to inform of how to distinguish the right from the wrong.4.“size up” in the talk means _.（分数：1.00）A.make a correct measure ofB.make a considered estimate ofC.make a beautiful design ofD.make a quick understandin
17、g of5.According to St Thomas Aquinas prudence is not _.（分数：1.00）A.the rudder virtue.B.steering the others.C.the virtue without which people are like someone adrift in a boat, tossed in this direction or that by the wind, the waves, and the current.D.the virtue to rock the boat.五、BTEXT B/B(总题数：5，分数：5
18、.00)6.From the description of Zephaniah we can tell that he _.（分数：1.00）A.was physically a very big man.B.preferred the lonely life of a sailor.C.always stayed at home.D.was frugal and saved a lot of money.7.The passage implies that _.（分数：1.00）A.few people attended the funeral.B.fishing is a secure v
19、ocation.C.the island is densely populated.D.the house belonged to the deceased.8.According to the passage, the “best room” _.（分数：1.00）A.has its many windows boarded up.B.has had the furniture removed.C.is used only on formal and ceremonious occasions.D.is the busiest room in the house.9.From the des
20、cription of the kitchen we can infer that the house belongs to people who _.（分数：1.00）A.never have guests.B.like modem appliances.C.are probably religious.D.dislike housework.10.The author describes Orrs Island in a(n) _ manner.（分数：1.00）A.emotionally appealing, imaginativeB.rational, logically precis
21、eC.factually detailed, objectiveD.vague, uncertain六、BTEXT C/B(总题数：3，分数：3.00)11.Which title is more appropriate to express the primary idea?（分数：1.00）A.A Generous Writer.B.A Joyful Philanthropist.C.A Imaginative Philanthropist.D.An Unforgetable Benefactor.12.When was James Michener born?（分数：1.00）A.199
22、0.B.1907.C.1908.D.1905.13.Which of the following is true according to the text?（分数：1.00）A.James Michener is an industrious and successful writer, and also an industrious and successful philanthropist.B.Shortly before his death, James Michener wished he had his millions back.C.James Michener graduate
23、d from the University of Texas.D.Michener gave generously to the writers whose styles were very similar to his.七、BTEXT D/B(总题数：5，分数：5.00)14.The research reviewed in the passage suggest that _.（分数：1.00）A.remarried men live healthier lives.B.unmarried men have the longest life spans.C.widowers have th
24、e shortest life spans.D.widows are unaffected by their mates death.15.One of the results of grief mentioned in the passage is _.（分数：1.00）A.loss of friendships.B.diminished socializing.C.vulnerability to disease.D.loss of appetite.16.Helsing speculates that husbands suffer from the death of a spouse
25、because they are _.（分数：1.00）A.unprepared for independence.B.incapable of cooking.C.unwilling to talk.D.dissatisfied with themselves.17.According to researchers, Richard Nixons death was _.（分数：1.00）A.caused by his heart problems.B.indirectly linked to his wifes death.C.the inevitable result of old ag
26、e.D.an unexplainable accident.18.The passage states that while married couples can prepare for grieving by _.（分数：1.00）A.being self- reliant.B.evading intimacy.C.developing habits.D.avoiding independence.八、BTEXT E/B(总题数：2，分数：2.00)19.The tone of this text is _.（分数：1.00）A.desperate and disgustingB.depr
27、essed and grievingC.evil and curingD.embarrassing and hopeless20.According to the text the newsagent last wrote out “Topham” on the top right -handed comer of the authors paper because _.（分数：1.00）A.the newsagent wanted to revenge on the author s habit of frequently changing the orderB.the newsagent
28、was intentional to punish TophamC.the newsagent was careless and opinionatedD.the newsagent was reluctant to write the author s name in a correct way九、BPART GENERAL (总题数：10，分数：10.00)21.b in debate and 1 in delate can be said to form a(n) _.（分数：1.00）A.phonemic contrastB.complementary distributionC.as
29、similation roleD.sequential role22.Edgar Allan Poe was most famous for his poems and _ stories.（分数：1.00）A.short comicB.long tragicC.long detectiveD.short grotesque23.The _ feature is considered central to human language, which means two levels of “structure” or “patterning”.（分数：1.00）A.dualityB.arbit
30、rarinessC.displacementD.creativity24.Which of the following abbreviations is NOT so associated with the U.S. as the other three?（分数：1.00）A.MITB.NBAC.VOAD.CBA25.Which of the following countries is NOT yet a permanent member in the Security Council of the UN?（分数：1.00）A.China.B.The U.K.C.The U.S.D.Germ
31、any.26.Emily Bronte was most famous for _.（分数：1.00）A.Wuthering HeightsB.Jane EyreC.Oliver TwistD.Paradise Lost27.The phonetic transcription with diacritics is called _ transcription, which is _ used generally in ditimaries and language text books.（分数：1.00）A.broad; notB.narrow; xC.broad: xD.narrow; n
32、ot28._ is a major city in the south - east of New York state and comprises five boroughs, one of which is Manhattan, the economic and cultural heart of the city.（分数：1.00）A.New YorkB.Los AngelesC.SeattleD.Dallas29.The following can be used to introduce the U.K. EXCEPT _.（分数：1.00）A.a western European
33、countryB.with an area smaller than GermanyC.It borders on FranceD.It is now consisting of three parts30._ was the first great prose stylist of American Romantism, and among the first of the modems to write good history and biography as literary entertainment,（分数：1.00）A.HemingwayB.WhitmanC.IrvingD.Co
34、oper十、BPART PROOFREA(总题数：10，分数：10.00)填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_十一、BPART TRANSLAT(总题数：1，分数：10.00)41.爬山虎总是野心勃勃地企图占领每一寸墙。在那无数枝卷向上的藤蔓中，有一枝几乎攀上了那尖尖的屋顶，这时有一阵风刮来，把它悬在半空中。 刘川从窗口望出去，看到了对面墙上的这个镜头，下意识地笑了起来。 “你是藤，我是墙。”有一天他对小梅说。 他眼中的那枝藤蔓化成了她的形象，在他向她说了这句话之后，她撅起了嘴巴转身走了。”
35、我没有模仿电影中的男主角，加快了脚步去追她。”他想。他俩也像所有年轻的情侣那样天生好赌气，可未了，总是她来找他，一般不出一个星期。他很有自信心。（分数：10.00）_十二、BSECTION B ENGLI(总题数：1，分数：10.00)42.But the worst of it isnt societys work - ethic morality; its your own, which you never knew you had. UYou find out how much self- satisfaction was gained from even the most simple
36、 work related task: a well - worded letter, a well - handled phone Call even a clean fire. Being useful to yourself isnt enough/U UBut then almost everyone has heard about the need to be a useful member of society. What you didnt know about was the loneliness. Youve spent your life almost constantly
37、 surrounded by people, in classes, in dorms and at work. To suddenly find yourself with only your cat to talk to an day distorts your sense of reality. You begin to worry that flights of fancy might become one way./U UBut you always were, and still are, stronger than that. You maintain balance and p
38、erspective, mainly through resorting frequently to sarcasm and irrevence. Although something going wrong in any aspect of your life now seems to push you into temporary despair much more easily than before, you have done very important things to hang on to people who care, your sense of humor your t
39、alents, your cat and your hopes./U And beyond that, youve gained something-, a little more knowledge and a lot more compassion. Youve learned the valive of the rolitime your scorned and the importance of the job you took for granted. But most of all, youve learned what a 7.6 per cent unemployment ra
40、te” really means.”（分数：10.00）_十三、BPART WRITING(总题数：1，分数：20.00)43.The pass of the act giving the legal status to ethanasia some countries has again aroused great concern to this question. Some are stongly against it because it violates the traditional concepts of life, ethics, morality, etc. Some are
41、for it beacuse mercy killing release patients prom being afflicted from incurable diseases. Write an essay about 400 words, approve of with one of the above mentioned two opposing ideas. Requirements: In the first part of your writing you should present your thesis statement and in the Second part y
42、ou should support the thesis statement with appropriate details. In the last part you should bring what you have written to a natural conclusion with a summary. Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss
43、 of marks. Write your composition on ANSWER SHEET FOUR.（分数：20.00）_专业八级-322 (1)答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPART LISTENIN(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Introduction Linguistics has both practical and philosophical motivations. So both, the first and second editions of this text were directed toward students of 1 _.
44、 many 1_. This third edition continues and further develops this approach. We have aimed to dispel a number of myths about language and to discuss the various aspects of language from both an 2_and cur- 2 _. rent point of view. Part one is “The Nature of Human Language. “Then we discuss speech sound
45、s or 3_and includes a passage on machines 3 _. that “talk” and “understand”. On phonology we demonstrate how sounds form 4_. Because 4 _. of this, written forms of language are very late in the history of human lan- guage. Then we discuss other 5 _ aspects of language how words 5 _. are formed; what
46、 words, phrases, and sentences mean; and how words are put together to form sentences. Morphology, semantics, syntax are very im- portant in our discussion and take an important role. In “Social Aspects of Language, “we consider language in 6 _ 6 _. and how languages change over time. In “The 7 _ Aspects of Lan- 7 _
