1、专业八级-311 (1)及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPART LISTENIN(总题数：1，分数：10.00)BSECTION A/BIn this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling t
2、ask after the mini-lecture. When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking.Now listen to the mini-lecture.Complete the gap-filling task. Some of the gaps be
3、low require a maximum of THREE words. Make sure the word(s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may refer to your notes.BWhy Women Are Less Likely Than Men to Commit Suicide/BIt is generally held that women would seem to Be at higher risk forsuicide Because they
4、suffer from depression at a much higher risk ratethan men. But actually women commit suicide about (1)_as often 1. _as men.According the research of George E. Murphy, a professor of psychiatry at Washington University, women may be protected because of theway they think about (2)_ and interact with
5、others. 2. _Women like to discuss their feelings, seek feedback and take advice. They are much more likely to tell a physician or a psychiatrist howthey feel and cooperate in the prescribed (3)_. As a result, 3. _women get better treatment for their depression.There are roughly (4)_ suicides in the
6、United States each 4. _year, and most of them are men. Although suicide rates are lower amongwomen, at least 200,000 women are (5)_in suicide attempts 5. _annually. But Murphy points out that attempted suicide most often is notan attempt to actually end ones life. It is most often an effort to bring
7、someones (6)_, dramatically, to a problem that the individual 6. _feels needs to be solved.Women are less inclined to commit suicide because their thinking ismore (7)_While a man might tend to (8)_ aside 7. _seemingly less important issues to get to the core of a problem, a woman 8. _might take more
8、 things into account. Shell consider not just her feelings but also the feelings of othersher (9)_, the children, even 9. _acquaintances, and how those people will be affected by a decision likesuicide, etc.In general, men believe they are supposed to be (10)_in 10. _all areas. Because they are not,
9、 they are at risk. Women, on the otherhand, are much more likely to seek advice and take it.（分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_二、BSECTION B/B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions
10、that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question on your coloured answer sheet.Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview with Mr. McKay. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions.Now listen to the interview.（分数：5.00）(1).The main ide
11、a of this interview is that_.（分数：1.00）A.people tend to be sick and lonely when they are oldB.people usually have some wrong concepts about old peopleC.old people are mentally healthy though physically illD.old age starts at 65 not 55(2).Which of the following statement is correct?（分数：1.00）A.People a
12、mong the 60 to 70 age group are more lonely and more sick than among the 50 to 60 age group.B.There are more mental illnesses among 60 to 70 age group than among the 50 to 60 age group.C.The 60 to 70 age group and the 50 to 60 age group are in nearly the same mental and physical state.D.Both groups
13、are lonely and sick.(3).What does the speaker say about one of the influences of computer age on industry?（分数：1.00）A.People can work as long as they like.B.People may retire earlier.C.People may have more diseases.D.People may not be as healthy as before.(4).According to their conversation, which of
14、 the following statement is correct?（分数：1.00）A.Those people who reach the age of 65 or 70 are not the strong among us.B.Physical illness usually develop among the 60s and 79s.C.People who are healthy in middle age tend to be healthy in old age.D.The weak die in childhood.(5).Those in the language (E
15、nglish) group are different from those studying maths in that_.（分数：1.00）A.those in language group are very interested in their studies and dont find it difficultB.those in language group find it too difficult to continueC.only the language group attend evening classesD.the maths group improve their
16、ability steadily三、BSECTION C/B(总题数：3，分数：5.00)In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question on your coloured answer sheet.Questions 6 and 7 are based on the following news. At the end of the new
17、s item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the two questions.Now listen to the news.（分数：2.00）(1).The main purpose of the Wednesday meeting of Pakistani Prime Minister Shaukat Aziz and Indian Prime Minister Manmohan Singh is to _.（分数：1.00）A.discuss border issuesB.to develop regional trade
18、C.to open a new cross-border bus-routeD.to reopen discussion on Kashmir issue(2).Over Kashmir, India and Pakistan have fought _ wars.（分数：1.00）A.oneB.twoC.threeD.four1.Question 8 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question.Now liste
19、n to the news.The French police arrested a man because _.（分数：1.00）A.he has planted a bomb in LilleB.he is going to plant a bomb in LilleC.he was instructed over the phone to plant a bomb in LilleD.he instructed others to plant a bomb in LilleQuestions 9 and 10 are based on the following news. At the
20、 end of the news item, you will be given I0 seconds to answer each of the two questions.Now listen to the news.（分数：2.00）(1).What happened in Algeria Tuesday?（分数：1.00）A.A bomb explosion.B.Murder.C.Massacres.D.Air-crash.(2).Where did that bomb go off?（分数：1.00）A.At a railway station.B.At a bus center.C
21、.In the countryside.D.At an airport.四、BPART READING (总题数：3，分数：10.00)In this section there are six reading passages followed by a total of 20 multiple-choice questions. Read the passages and then mark your answers on your coloured answer sheet.BTEXT A/BNo one knows when the first calendar was develop
22、ed. But it seems possible that it was based on lunar months. When people started fanning, the sages of the tribes became very important. They studied the sky and gathered enough information to be able to predict when the seasons would change, and were able to announce when it was time to plant crops
23、.The divisions of time we use today were developed in ancient Babylonia 4,000 years ago. Babylonian astronomers believed the sun moved around the Earth every 365 days. They divided the trip into 12 equal parts, each with 30 days. Then they divided each day into 24 equal parts or hours, and divided e
24、ach hour into 60 minutes, each minute into 60 seconds.Humans have used many devices to measure time. he sundial was one of the earliest and simplest. However, the sundial worked well 0nly when the weather was fine, so other ways of measuring the passing of time were invented. One device was the hour
25、glass. By the eighteenth century, people had developed mechanical clocks and watches. So we have devices to mark the passing of time, but what time is it now? Clocks in different parts of the world do not show the same time at the same time, because time on Earth is set by the suns position in the s
26、ky above us. As international communications and travel grew, it became clear that a way to establish a common time for all parts of the world was needed. In 1884, an international conference divided the world into 24 time zones, each zone represents 0ne hour. The astronomical observatory in Greenwi
27、ch, England, was chosen as the starting point for the time zones. Twelve zones are west of Greenwich. Twelve arc east. The time at Greenwich measured by the sun is considered by astronomers to be Universal Time, also known as Greenwich Mean Time.（分数：4.00）(1).What does the passage mainly discuss?（分数：
28、1.00）A.Why we measure time the way we do.B.Ways of measuring time.C.The development of universal time.D.How time is measured.(2).The author mentions all of the following ways to measure time EXCEPT _.（分数：1.00）A.sundialB.electric clockC.hourglassD.mechanical clock(3).According to the passage, Greenwi
29、ch Mean Time_.（分数：1.00）A.is the 12th of 24 time zonesB.is calculated from the sunC.was named when chosen at an international conference because of its strategic location in the worldD.provides the same time for all of the world(4).With which of the following statements would the author be most likel
30、y to agree?（分数：1.00）A.The ancient Babylonians used 12 as a basic division of time because they believed the sun moved around the Earth.B.If we revise the way we measure time, we should use a division of 10 rather than 12.C.Ways of measuring time have changed in response to human need and technologic
31、al development.D.Universal Time is so named because it can be applicable throughout the universe.BTEXT B/BThe person most often credited with inventing jazz is cornettist Buddy Bolden, a barber. Since his career was over before the first jazz recordings were made, all we have left is legend. He was
32、famous for his big bold cornet sound, as well as for his bold personality. His band started playing around 1895, in New Orleans parades and dances, and eventually rose to become one of the most popular bands in the city. He made up one song after another, and when be wasnt playing, his rich voice wa
33、s capturing attention. His band had one feature that later jazz authorities recognized as indispensable“the trance“, an ability to sink himself in the music until nothing mattered but himself and the cornet, in fervent communion. Legend has it that he was so popular he had eight bands playing on the
34、 same night, and hed rush from band to band playing a few tunes with each. Several early Jazz musicians, like Sidney Bechet and Bunk Johnson, apparently played in Boldens bands occasionally.The Bolden style had blues foundations, however, his music was more like ragtime with improvised embellishment
35、s. His band featured cornet, clarinet, trombone, guitar, bass and drums, playing a mix of popular dance numbers in both ragtime and blues style. By the turn of the century, many New Orleans bands had begun playing in the collective improvisational style pioneered by Buddy Bolden. One of those groups
36、 was the Original Dixieland Jazz Band, the group which made the first ever jazz recording.In 1906, Bolden began suffering periods of derangement. The following year he was committed to a mental hospital outside of New Orleans, and remained there for 24 years until his death in 1931 at the age of 54.
37、 Trombonist Frankie Dusen took over the Bolden Band, renamed it the Eagle Band, and they continued to be very popular in New Orleans until around 1917. Although we have no recordings of Bolden, Jelly Roll Mortons “Buddy Bolden Blues“ did immortalize this pioneering musician.（分数：4.00）(1).According to
38、 the passage, what was Bolden doing when he wasnt playing?（分数：1.00）A.Sleeping.B.Practicing.C.Making up songs.D.Using his voice.(2).What is the distinguishing feature of Boldens band that was later recognized as a necessary feature of jazz?（分数：1.00）A.The ability to be totally absorbed in the music.B.
39、Improvisation.C.Collective improvisation.D.Ragtime with spontaneous additions.(3).According to paragraph 1, the Bolden legend says that he was in a hurry_.（分数：1.00）A.to develop his style of musicB.because that was the style of music he playedC.to play with each of his bandsD.to make up tunes(4).Acco
40、rding to the passage, we have no recordings of Bolden because_.（分数：1.00）A.he was in a mental hospital for so longB.he was not in the Original Dixieland Jazz BandC.very few were made and none have been discoveredD.he stopped playing before the first jazz record was madeBTEXT C/BIn each British North
41、American colony, the first printing office was established by the Governor and legislative apparatus, Its chief purpose was to publish materials supporting the governments official public communications arena. Aside from these specialized ventures, most subsequent print centers commenced printing an
42、d publishing with a weekly newspaper. This had become a regular practice by the mid-1760s, earlier in colonies with the longest tradition of printing.Americas first continuously published newspaper, the Boston News-Letter published its first issue on April 24, 1704. John Campbell, a bookseller and p
43、ostmaster of Boston, was its first editor, printing the newspaper on what was then refereed to as a half-sheet. It originally appeared on a single page, printed on both sides and issued weekly. In the early years of its publication the News-Letter was filled mostly with news from London journals det
44、ailing the intrigues of English politics, and a variety of events concerning the European wars. The rest of the newspaper was filled with items listing ship arrivals, deaths, sermons, political appointments, rims, accidents and the like.One of the most sensational stories published when the News-Let
45、ter was the only newspaper in the colonies was the account of how Blackbeard the pirate was killed in hand-to-hand combat on the deck of a sloop that had engaged his ship in battle. Campbell relinquished his stewardship of the paper in 1722 to Bartholomew Green, its printer. As editor, Green devoted
46、 less space to overseas events and more to domestic news.When Green died after a decade as its editor, the News-Letter was inherited by his son John Draper, also a printer. Draper proved to be a better editor and publisher than his predecessors. He enlarged the paper to four good-sized pages, fillin
47、g it with news from Boston, other towns throughout the colonies and from abroad.（分数：2.00）(1).What is the main subject of the passage?（分数：1.00）A.The early history of newspapers in America.B.The Boston News-Letter.C.Contents of the Boston News-Letter.D.Editors of the Boston News-Letter.(2).Which of th
48、e following is true about editors after Campbell?（分数：1.00）A.John Draper was the son of Bartholomew Green.B.Green was editor for 20 years.C.Both Green and Draper were booksellers.D.Green was considered a better editor than Draper.五、BTEXT D/B(总题数：3，分数：10.00)My mother told me a story every evening while we waited for father to close the shop and come home. The shop remained open till midnight. Bullock-carts in long caravans arrived late in the evening from distant villages, loaded with co
