1、专业八级-310 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、LANGUAGE USAGE(总题数：4，分数：100.00)A longtime aide to President Bush who wrote occasional guest columns for his hometown newspaper resigned on Friday evening after admitted that he had repeatedly plagiarized from other writers. 1 The White House called his actions u
2、naccepted. The aide, Tim 2 Goeglein, worked for Mr. Bush since 2001, as a liaison to social 3 and religious conservatives, an important component of the president“s political base. Mr. Goeglein was influential in decisions on a range of question important to that constituency, including stem 4 cell
3、research, abortion and faith-based initiatives. A blogger in Mr. Goeglein“s hometown, Fort Wayne, Ind. , found the plagiarism. “This is not acceptable, and we are being disappointed in Tim“s 5 actions,“ a White House spokeswoman, Emily Lawrimore, said Friday morning, hours before Mr. Goeglein resign
4、ed. “He is offered no excuses, and he agrees it was wrong.“ Mr. Goeglein, 6 44, is small known outside Washington. He is a familiar figure to 7 conservatives and evangelical Christians, who knew him as a spokesman for Gary L. Bauer, the conservative who ran as president 8 in 2000. When Mr. Bauer dro
5、pped out the race, Mr. Goeglein 9 signed on with Mr. Bush, eventually becoming a top aide to Karl Rove, the chief political strategist. He was the eyes and ears of the White House in the world of religion conservatives and an emissary 10 to that world for Mr. Rove and the president.（分数：25.00）In the
6、house where I grew up, it was our custom to leave the “on the latch“ at night. No one carried keys. Today doors do not stay unlocked, thus for part of an evening. 11 The era of leaving the front door open has gone forever. It has been replaced of by locks, security chains, electronic alarm systems a
7、nd 12 trip wires hooked up to a police station or private guard firm. Many suburban families even have sliding glass doors on their patios, with steel bars elegantly building in so no one can pry the doors open. 13 A recent public-service advertisement by an insurance company featured not actuarial
8、charts or a picture of a child“s bicycle with 14 padlock attached to it. It is the insurance companies which pay for stolen goods, but 15 who is going to pay for that the new atmosphere of distrust and fear is 16 doing to our way of life? Who is going to make the psychological 17 payment for the tra
9、nsformation of America from the Land of Free to the Land of the Lock? For some reason we are satisfied when we think we are well- protected; it does not occur us to ask ourselves: Why are we having 18 to barricade ourselves for our neighbors and fellow citizens, and 19 when, exactly, did this start
10、to take over our lives? Even a decade ago, most private businesses had a policy of free access. Thus, today you have to carry some kind of access card 20 to your company. Maybe the security guard at the front desk knows your face and will wave you in most days, but the fact remains that the business
11、 your work for feels threatened enough to keep outsiders away via these “keys“.（分数：25.00）Misery may love company, but this was ridiculous. More than a million IBM stockholders last week took a nightmare ride on a stock they had long trusted. IBM had been sliding all year recent 21 hitting 10-year lo
12、ws, but after the company announced last Tuesday that it would, among other things, slash another 25,000 jobs, the stock took a historic rise. In 48 hours, it lost 11 points, or almost 22 18 percent of its value, closing Wednesday at 51. On Friday it hit other new low. Big Board officials camped out
13、 on the exchange floor 23 to prevent chaotic, land brokers fielded frantic calls from investors 24 in various stages of disbelief and agony. “They“re screaming and hollering,“ said Carol Komskis of York Securities. They are saying, “Things like this just don“t happen in America.“ Stock prices that r
14、ise and fall are anything new; that“s what 25 makes a market. But Big Blue had always epitomized the blue-chip stock on that Americans could count to send the kids to college or 26 help retire in the style. Some investors may be in blissful 27 ignorant; pension funds across the country are heavily i
15、nvested in 28 IBM. (The New York State Employee Pension Funds lonely hold 29 3.6 million shares.) But the charm of stocks like IBM, General Motors and Westinghouse was that you could feel secure in buying them even you did not know “earnings“. Such stock made 30 generations of Americans faithful cap
16、italists. “This was the kind of stock that created wealth for a lot of people in this country.“ Says Jonathan Pond, a Boston-based financial counselor and author.（分数：25.00）Bill Gates may be one of the smartest guys in the country, but even he“s annoyed at having to remember a sort of personal passwo
17、rds for activities like withdrawing money and going online. He also thinks they“re secure. At last week“s Comdex computer 31 convention in Las Vegas, the Microsoft CEO railed the password as 32 a “weak link“. One of his proposed solutions are biometrics, the 33 measuring of unique characteristics li
18、ke the fingerprints and the iris of the eye for the purpose of verifying identification. 34 That delighted about the dozen or so companies that brought 35 biometric technology to Comdex. Mostly start-ups, they came to Vegas shopping schemes to identify you in your hands, your eyes, 36 your voice, ev
19、en the way you type. “We want to see a biometrics row in every CompUSA, right next to joysticks and printers.“ Says Kevin Corson of True Touch, a maker of software that works with various forms of the technology. Comdex attendants eagerly lined on at the counter of IriScan, a 37 firm based in Marlto
20、n, N. J. , to hold a scannerit looked a bit like a hair dryerabout three inches from their eyes. The device works by taking a video image of the iris, breaking the image into circular frameworks and analyzed the unique patterns within each area. The 38 company says there“s only a one-in-10 chances t
21、hat two people“s iris 39 will match in its system. A company called Identicator, in San Bruno, Calif. , is aiming a little lowerat your forefingers. The company licenses its scanners to Compaq and other companies, which combine them with keyboards and mice or sell them as $100 stand-alone units that
22、 you can put into your computer. 40 （分数：25.00）专业八级-310 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、LANGUAGE USAGE(总题数：4，分数：100.00)A longtime aide to President Bush who wrote occasional guest columns for his hometown newspaper resigned on Friday evening after admitted that he had repeatedly plagiarized from other wr
23、iters. 1 The White House called his actions unaccepted. The aide, Tim 2 Goeglein, worked for Mr. Bush since 2001, as a liaison to social 3 and religious conservatives, an important component of the president“s political base. Mr. Goeglein was influential in decisions on a range of question important
24、 to that constituency, including stem 4 cell research, abortion and faith-based initiatives. A blogger in Mr. Goeglein“s hometown, Fort Wayne, Ind. , found the plagiarism. “This is not acceptable, and we are being disappointed in Tim“s 5 actions,“ a White House spokeswoman, Emily Lawrimore, said Fri
25、day morning, hours before Mr. Goeglein resigned. “He is offered no excuses, and he agrees it was wrong.“ Mr. Goeglein, 6 44, is small known outside Washington. He is a familiar figure to 7 conservatives and evangelical Christians, who knew him as a spokesman for Gary L. Bauer, the conservative who r
26、an as president 8 in 2000. When Mr. Bauer dropped out the race, Mr. Goeglein 9 signed on with Mr. Bush, eventually becoming a top aide to Karl Rove, the chief political strategist. He was the eyes and ears of the White House in the world of religion conservatives and an emissary 10 to that world for
27、 Mr. Rove and the president.（分数：25.00）解析：admittedadmitting解析 非谓语动词误用。after 在本句中是介词，因此后面应该接动名词，而不是过去分词。解析：unacceptedunacceptable解析 词义混淆。此处 call的补语应该是形容词，而不能是过去分词，因此把 unaccepted改为 unacceptable。本句的意思是“白宫称他的行为让人无法接受”。解析：workedhad解析 时态错误。本句说“自 2001年以来他一直为布什总统工作”，有明显的表示时间的词 since，因此应该使用过去完成时。解析：questionqu
28、estions解析 名词单复数错误。a range of 表示“一系列的”，后面的名词应该用复数形式。解析：being being 解析 分词冗余。disappointed 是形容词，前面有一个系动词 are就足够了，不用加 being，因此去掉。解析：offeredoffering解析 语态错误。此处 He和 offer之间是主谓关系，意思是“他没有提供任何解释”，因此应该使用主动语态。解析：smalllittle解析 近义词混淆。small 不能修饰 known，因为它是形容词，此处应该使用可以用作副词的 little。解析：asfor解析 介词误用。run for president 表
29、示“竞选总统”。解析：outof解析 介词缺失。drop out of 是固定搭配，表示“退出”或者“被淘汰出局”。解析：religionreligious解析 词性混用。conservatives 是名词，前面应该是形容词，所以religion应该改为 religious。In the house where I grew up, it was our custom to leave the “on the latch“ at night. No one carried keys. Today doors do not stay unlocked, thus for part of an e
30、vening. 11 The era of leaving the front door open has gone forever. It has been replaced of by locks, security chains, electronic alarm systems and 12 trip wires hooked up to a police station or private guard firm. Many suburban families even have sliding glass doors on their patios, with steel bars
31、 elegantly building in so no one can pry the doors open. 13 A recent public-service advertisement by an insurance company featured not actuarial charts or a picture of a child“s bicycle with 14 padlock attached to it. It is the insurance companies which pay for stolen goods, but 15 who is going to p
32、ay for that the new atmosphere of distrust and fear is 16 doing to our way of life? Who is going to make the psychological 17 payment for the transformation of America from the Land of Free to the Land of the Lock? For some reason we are satisfied when we think we are well- protected; it does not oc
33、cur us to ask ourselves: Why are we having 18 to barricade ourselves for our neighbors and fellow citizens, and 19 when, exactly, did this start to take over our lives? Even a decade ago, most private businesses had a policy of free access. Thus, today you have to carry some kind of access card 20 t
34、o your company. Maybe the security guard at the front desk knows your face and will wave you in most days, but the fact remains that the business your work for feels threatened enough to keep outsiders away via these “keys“.（分数：25.00）解析：thuseven解析 衔接副词误用。本句要表达的意思是“今天所有的门都是上锁的，甚至是傍晚的一段时间也要锁上。”可见二者是让步
35、关系，不是因果关系。解析：of of 解析 介词冗余。be replaced by 是固定搭配，意为“被代替”，of 多余，应去掉。解析：buildingbuilt解析 非谓语动词误用。build 修饰的是 steel bars，二者是逻辑动宾关系，因此应该使用过去分词表示被动。解析：orbut解析 连词误用。这句话说“某保险公司的广告不再是一些保险精算的报表，而是一幅挂着大锁的儿童自行车的图片。”这里使用的是 not.but结构，表示“不是而是”。因此不能使用 or。解析：whichthat解析 强调句连词误用。本句是 it is.that强调句型，强调的是主语 the insurance
36、companies，因此引导词是 that，不能使用 which。解析：thatwhat解析 连词误用。pay for 后面是宾语从句，从句 the new atmosphere of distrust and fear is doing to our way of life中没有宾语，因此需要引导词来充当，此时只有 what具有这个功能，不能使用 that。解析：psychologicalpsychic解析 词义混淆。psychological 表示“心理的”，而 psychic表示“精神的”，这里是说“谁为我们的精神损失买单”，因此使用 psychic更合适。解析：occurto解析 介词
37、缺失。occur 是不及物动词，它的用法是 it occurs to sb.表示“让某人突然想到”。解析：foragainst解析 介词误用。barricade 表示“设置障碍”，与 against搭配使用表示“对设置障碍”。解析：ThusHowever解析 衔接副词误用。前一句说“就在十年前，大部分私人公司都是允许自由出入的”，下句说“今天你要去公司，必须携带一个通行证”。由此可见，二者是强烈的转折关系，因此使用However。Misery may love company, but this was ridiculous. More than a million IBM stockhold
38、ers last week took a nightmare ride on a stock they had long trusted. IBM had been sliding all year recent 21 hitting 10-year lows, but after the company announced last Tuesday that it would, among other things, slash another 25,000 jobs, the stock took a historic rise. In 48 hours, it lost 11 point
39、s, or almost 22 18 percent of its value, closing Wednesday at 51. On Friday it hit other new low. Big Board officials camped out on the exchange floor 23 to prevent chaotic, land brokers fielded frantic calls from investors 24 in various stages of disbelief and agony. “They“re screaming and hollerin
40、g,“ said Carol Komskis of York Securities. They are saying, “Things like this just don“t happen in America.“ Stock prices that rise and fall are anything new; that“s what 25 makes a market. But Big Blue had always epitomized the blue-chip stock on that Americans could count to send the kids to colle
41、ge or 26 help retire in the style. Some investors may be in blissful 27 ignorant; pension funds across the country are heavily invested in 28 IBM. (The New York State Employee Pension Funds lonely hold 29 3.6 million shares.) But the charm of stocks like IBM, General Motors and Westinghouse was that
42、 you could feel secure in buying them even you did not know “earnings“. Such stock made 30 generations of Americans faithful capitalists. “This was the kind of stock that created wealth for a lot of people in this country.“ Says Jonathan Pond, a Boston-based financial counselor and author.（分数：25.00）
43、解析：recentrecently解析 词性混用。此处 recent是状语成分，修饰 hitting，应该使用其副词形式。解析：risedive解析 语义错误。该处意思是“在 IBM宣布裁员 25000人后，股票出现了历史性的大跌”。因为裁员预示着经营不善，因此股价会下跌，而不是上升。take a dive 是固定搭配，表示“急剧下降”。解析：otheranother解析 词义混用。other 表示“其他的”，而 another表示“又一次，又一个”，修饰单数名词，这里表示“周五股票又一次下跌”，因此使用 another。解析：chaoticchaos解析 词性混用。chaotic 是形容词，
44、这句话是说“纽约交易所的官员都跑到大厅里来维持秩序，防止产生混乱”，prevent 是及物动词，后面接名词 chaos。解析：anythingnothing解析 不定代词误用。本句的含义是“股票的涨跌不是新鲜事”。因此应该使用表示否定的 nothing。解析：thatwhich解析 关系代词误用。此处的关系代词前有介词 on，因此只能使用 which。这句话说“股票大跌总是发生在这些值钱的股票上，而美国人都指望着这个股票赚钱来供孩子上大学，供自己退休。”解析：the the 解析 冠词冗余。in style 是固定搭配，表示“很成功地”，不需要加定冠词 the。解析：ignorantignor
45、ance解析 词性混用。此处说“有些投资者所幸还不知情”。in blissful 后面应使用名词 ignorance，而不能使用其形容词形式。解析：lonelyalone解析 词义混用。lonely 表示“感到孤独寂寞的”，而 alone表示“独自”。这里说“仅仅是纽约州的员工养老基金就持有 360万股份”。因此这里表示“独自”，应该使用 alone。解析：evenif/though解析 连词误用。主句意思是“像 IBM、通用汽车和西屋电气公司这类股票的魅力在于你买了之后感觉到安全”，从句说“即使你不懂得赚钱”。可见主句与从句之间是让步关系，因此使用 even if或者 even though
46、。even 表递进且不能引导从句，不符合文意。Bill Gates may be one of the smartest guys in the country, but even he“s annoyed at having to remember a sort of personal passwords for activities like withdrawing money and going online. He also thinks they“re secure. At last week“s Comdex computer 31 convention in Las Vegas,
47、 the Microsoft CEO railed the password as 32 a “weak link“. One of his proposed solutions are biometrics, the 33 measuring of unique characteristics like the fingerprints and the iris of the eye for the purpose of verifying identification. 34 That delighted about the dozen or so companies that broug
48、ht 35 biometric technology to Comdex. Mostly start-ups, they came to Vegas shopping schemes to identify you in your hands, your eyes, 36 your voice, even the way you type. “We want to see a biometrics row in every CompUSA, right next to joysticks and printers.“ Says Kevin Corson of True Touch, a mak
49、er of software that works with various forms of the technology. Comdex attendants eagerly lined on at the counter of IriScan, a 37 firm based in Marlton, N. J. , to hold a scannerit looked a bit like a hair dryerabout three inches from their eyes. The device works by taking a video image of the iris, breaking the image into circular frameworks and analyzed the unique patterns within each area. The 38 company says there“s only a one-in-10 chances that two people“s iris 39 will match in
