1、专业八级-287 (1)及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPART LISTENIN(总题数：1，分数：10.00)BSECTION A/B The human body is suitably described as “a highly complex self w genera- tor“because if it is given the right fuel, it is capable of both curing and (1) 1 _ _ off diseases, our body can be compared to a matching, if
2、it is not prop- edy looked after, it will become (2) _,sluggish, or clogged and parts of 2 _ the mechanism will not be kept in good working order. In order to function expertly, our body needs carbohydrates, protein, fat, (3) _ and minerals, coupled with regular exercise. But an excessive in- 3 _ ta
3、ke of carbohydrates should be avoided because they will mostly (4) _ to 4 _ fat. Protein is important for tissue building. The recommended minimum a- 5 _ mount the average person needs is (5) _ grams a day, an excess or a defi- ciency of which is not advisable as it is indispensable to human growth.
4、 Animal fats, good sources of energy, are sometimes likely to cause in- 6 _ creased cholesterol levels in tbe (6) _ so people suffering from heart com- plaints should avoid eating them. Vitamins are also regarded as essential requirements fox health. Deficiency 7 _ of vitamins, whether A or C, will
5、reduce our bodys resistance to (7) _ Calcium, iron and iodine are the important minerals we need. Milk, liver, lemils and dates are rich in minerals. 8 _ Natural foods are always best. Don t rely on too much on “(8) _ foods“, appetizing and labouring- saving as they are, because the preserva- 9 _ ti
6、res, artificial colouring and additives in the (9) _ foods we buy will do us harm. Besides the factors of climate, age and occupation, in order to achieve a 10 _ balanced diet, we must also consider the following four points: (10) _ environment, employment and emotional stress.（分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1
7、:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_二、BSECTION B/B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)(1).What are the speakers mainly discussing?（分数：1.00）A.Memberships in a food co - up.B.Tile benefits of health fond.C.Shopping in the supermarket.D.The current cost of food.(2).What change does the woman suggest t
8、he co -up make?（分数：1.00）A.Lowering its prices.B.Selling more household necessities.C.Changing its memhership rules.D.Opening up more checkout lines.(3).What is one thing the members of the co - up must do?（分数：1.00）A.Avoid junk food.B.Attend monthly meetings.C.Buy cleaning supplies at the co - up.D.W
9、ork at the co - up.(4).Why might the man join the co - up?（分数：1.00）A.To save money on food.B.To buy food without additives.C.To do all his shopping in one place.D.To meet other health - conscious people.(5).Whats the advantage for the people who join the co - up for 6 month period?（分数：1.00）A.The mem
10、bership fee is lower.B.They can help chouse the products that will be sold.C.They may attend fewer meetings.D.They may go to the co - up more times per week.三、BSECTION C/B(总题数：2，分数：5.00)(1).US newspapers from one end of the nation to the other reacted with _ to the bombing of Olympic Centennial Park
11、 in Atlanta.（分数：1.00）A.shockB.horrorC.angerD.all of the above(2).The explosion claimed lives and injured _ people early morning.（分数：1.00）A.six, more than 100B.two, more than 200C.two, more than 100D.six, more than 200I Questions 8 to 10 are based on the following news from the VOA. At the end of the
12、 news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer each question. Now listen to the news./I（分数：3.00）(1).Which of the following statements is NOT true?（分数：1.00）A.Scientists at the Kennedy Space Center are attempting to grow vegetables that could survive.B.In the special containers plants can develop
13、rapidly in a short period of time.C.Scientists are also attempting to genetically design some of these plants to contain high levels of protein.D.Space agency scientists hope to test some version of the experimental gardens on the planned space station.(2).The scientists at the Kennedy Space center
14、laboratory have been able to produce small kinds of（分数：1.00）A.wheat, soybeans, carrot and lettuceB.soybeans, tomatoes, carrot and wheatC.white potatoes, carrot, lettuce and soybeansD.wheat, soybeans, lettuce and white potatoes(3).The special growing containers are expected to be used mostly for _ sp
15、ace travel.（分数：1.00）A.short distanceB.long distanceC.all kinds ofD.both A and B四、BPART READING (总题数：5，分数：20.00)BTEXT A/BAmericans life has once again been greatly changed by the new age of science and technology since the Second World War. Everything has speeded up to a tremendous rate. Information
16、is immediate, nobody has to wait to hear any news. There is a television set in every house. There is instant printing which has changed the way that offices and the universities run.But perhaps the biggest change is the telephone. People no longer write letters to one another. They pick up the tele
17、phone. Every house has at least two, sometimes three, four and five telephones. Every office bas many telephones. It speeds things up. And its cost is not much.Perhaps the biggest difference is in the growth of computers. Computers can think, can remember, can calculate faster than any human brain.
18、A computer can hold more than a million facts in its memory. There are computers that are so big they would fill this entire auditorium with machinery. Businesses and banks are now managed by computers. Parts of the government are managed by computers. Students grades, their marks are all managed by
19、 computers. However, if a computer makes a mistake about one of you, it is terribly difficult to correct that mistake. And sometimes a computer does make mistake, never learned by another computer and the same mistake will go into other computers. So in many ways people have become the servants of c
20、omputers who are bigger and cleverer than they are. Of course, computers speed up every operation because computers can immediately record, remember facts and produce new information that it combines with these facts. It makes science possible. Modem science would not be possible without the compute
21、rs to do the calculations:Life is complicated. People need to know many technical skills to get money from a bank. You have to know how to work the automatic teller that will give you your money. You have to know how to use the new punch button telephones. Everything is very complicated. Many Americ
22、ans find it so complicated, that they try to escape by drinking alcohol. Alcoholism is a major disease in America. Some people take drugs and some people belong to strange religion looking for some meaning in their life. I think perhaps you read about the terrible event in Guyana, when people who be
23、long to a strange religion all committed suicide. This sort of thing would not have happened fifty years ago. It is a by-product of an age that has become too complicated for people to live in happily.There are many contradictions in American society. Because of the complex way of life people are no
24、 longer the optimistic, self- reliant free people that they were when they were pioneers, when they were conquering the new land. Now people are becoming more pessimistic. Very often they are lonely. The doctors who have the most work are psychiatrists trying to help people find ways that they can a
25、gain be happy. Often efficiency replaces good quality.We still have two classes of people. Too much money is still in the hands of too few people. The rich capitalists no longer wear black hats and stripped trousers. They have faces that nobody knows because now they are called the “multi - national
26、 corporations. “They are the great faceless companies like General Motors, General Fords, United States Steel. There are no longer any faces like Mr. Rockefeller or Mr. Ford. They have become faceless forces, which control our government and control the money. The poorest class is still mostly made
27、up of black people, minority people, Spanish speaking Americans. And the poorest people have not benefited from the new age of science and technology. So Americans are no longer the happy care-free people that they once were.（分数：5.00）(1).According to the passage, the characteristic of a highly techn
28、ological society is _.（分数：1.00）A.its electronic technologyB.peoples way of livingC.wide use of televisionD.its rapidness and efficiency in doing things(2).Which of the following statements can best describe the telephone in the U. S?（分数：1.00）A.Its very inexpensive.B.It saves a lot of trouble.C.Its v
29、ery convenient.D.A ,B and C(3).In authors opinion, _.（分数：1.00）A.without computers, there would be no modern scienceB.computers are more intelligent than human beingsC.computers will replace everything in the futureD.computers never make mistakes(4).What makes American people more pessimistic?（分数：1.0
30、0）A.The fast pace and complicated way of life.B.Too much leisure time.C.Loose relationship between people.D.All of the above.(5).According to the author, America is a highly modern society, _.（分数：1.00）A.so people like it better than beforeB.but there is still a big gap between different classesC.all
31、 the people there lead a very happy lifeD.all the industries and companies are in the hands of the govermentBTEXT B/BThe dark smoke that comes out of stacks or from a burning dump contains tiny bits of solid or liquid matter. The smoke also contains many gases, most of which cannot be seen. Altogeth
32、er, they make up the serious problems of air pollution. In so many places it keeps us from seeing the sun, irritates our eyes, causes us to cough, and makes us ill.Air pollution can spread from city to city. It even spreads from one country to another. Some northern European countries have had “blac
33、k snow“ from pollutants that have traveled through the air from other countries and have fallen with the snow. So air pollution is really a global problem.Air pollution can kill babies, older people ,and those who have respiratory(呼吸道的) diseases. In London, in 1952, four thousand people died in one
34、week as a result of a serious air-pollution episode. In 1948, in the small town of Donora, Pennsylvania, twenty people died in a four-day period of bad air pollution.At levels often found in cities, air pollution increases the risks of certain lung diseases, such as emphysema, bronchitis, and asthma
35、. Of course, smoking and other factors help to cause these illnesses, too, but these cases have increased greatly during recent years as air pollution has become worse. Air pollution can cause both airplane and auto accidents because it cuts down visibility. There are other possible health dangers f
36、rom air pollution that we dont know much about. For example, scientists are trying to find out whether chemicals that reach us from the air may cause changes in our cells.These changes might cause babies to be born with serious birth defects. Scientists are trying to learn how all the many chemicals
37、 we are apt to take into our bodies from air, water, food, and even medicines act together to affect our health and the way our bodies work. That is another reason why it is so important to begin to control pollution now instead of waiting until we learn all the answers.Air pollution costs us a lot
38、of money. It soils and corrodes our buildings. It damages farm crops and forests. It has a destructive effect on our works of art. The cost of all this damage to our government is astronomical. It would be much more worthwhile, both for us and for the environment, to spend our tax dollars on air pol
39、lution control.（分数：5.00）(1).The author mentions people dying of air pollution in _.（分数：1.00）A.IllinoisB.PennsylvaniaC.New JerseyD.Washington(2).Air pollution causes airplane accidents because _.（分数：1.00）A.pilots become iiiB.visibility is reducedC.engines fail.D.the air is too hot(3).Scientists are t
40、rying to find a link between pollution and _.（分数：1.00）A.intelligence levelsB.antisocial behaviorC.birth defectsD.divorce percentage(4).Scientists have not yet determined _.（分数：1.00）A.all of the effects of pollution on the human bodyB.how pollution can be controlled successfullyC.when the atmosphere
41、first became pollutedD.how to wash the black snow clean(5).We can conclude that _.（分数：1.00）A.civilization may be doomed if pollution is not controlledB.pollution is more serious in Europe than it is in AmericaC.most people do not know that pollution is a serious problemD.black snow is not so serious
42、 compared with white snowBTEXT C/BIn the late 1960s many people in North America turned their attention to environmental problems, and new steel-and-glass skyscrapers were widely criticized: Ecologists pointed out that a cluster of tall buildings in a city often overburdens public transportation and
43、 parking lot capacities.Skyscrapers are also lavish comsumers, and wasters of electric power. In one recent year, the addition of 17 million square feet of skyscraper office space in New York City raised the peak daily demand for electricity by 120,000 kilowattsenough to supply the entire city of Al
44、bany, New York, for a day.Glass-walled skyscrapers can be especially wasteful. The beat loss (or gain)through a wall of half-inch plate glass is more than ten times that through a typical masonry wall filled with insulation board. To lessen the strain on heating and air-conditioning equipment, build
45、ers of skyscrapers have begun to use double- glazed panels of glass, and reflective glasses coated with silver or gold mirror films that reduce glare as well as heat gain. However, mirror-walled skyscrapers raise the temperature of the surrounding air and affect neighboring buildings.Skyscrapers put
46、 a severe strain on a citys sanitation facilities, too. ( if fully occupied, the two World Trade Center towers in New York City would alone generate 2.25 million gallons of raw sewage each year- as much as a city the size of Stanford, Connecticut, which has a population of more than 109,000. )Skyscr
47、apers also interfere with television reception, block bird flyways, and obstruct air traffic. In Boston in the late 1960s, some people even feared that shadows from skyscrapers would kill the grass on Boston Common.Still, people continue to build skyscrapers for all the reasons that they have always
48、 built them-personal ambition, civic pride, and the desire of owners to have the largest possible amount of rentable space.（分数：5.00）(1).The main purpose of the passage is to _.（分数：1.00）A.compare skyscrapers with other modern structuresB.describe skyscrapers and their effect on the environmentC.advocate the use of masonry in the construction of skyscrapersD.illustrate some architectural designs of skyscrapers(2).According to the passage, what is one disadvantage o
