1、专业八级-284 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、LANGUAGE USAGE(总题数：30，分数：100.00)1.If you make a long distance call and get a wrong number, call the operator and explain what happens. （分数：3.00）2.According to a new online survey, one in ten teenagers have an underage friend who has ordered beer, wine or liquor
2、over the Internet. （分数：3.00）3.Eleven years after dismissal from school, young Albert Einstein published the most amazing Theory of Relativity which changed our understanding of the universe. （分数：3.00）4.Their selfishness is most shamelessly expressed in downsizing and outsourcing because these busine
3、ss maneuvers don“t act to create new jobs as the founder of new industries used to do, but only to cut out jobs while kept the money value of what those jobs produced for themselves. （分数：3.00）5.It is this sudden confrontation with the depth and scope of ignorance when represents the most significant
4、 contribution of the 20th century science to the human intellect. （分数：3.00）6.Brown recommended that older adults structured their days by maintaining a regular cycle and planning activities that “give them pleasure, purpose and a reason for living“. （分数：3.00）7.At no time smoking permitted in the mee
5、ting room, because it will do harm to both smokers and non-smokers. （分数：3.00）8.If sustainable competitive advantage depended on work-force skills, American firms will have a problem. （分数：3.00）9.He has been traveling around this area for a long time and every day on the sides of the dikes he can see
6、the cattle which seems to be the only living creature in these desolate surroundings. （分数：3.00）10.They began to believe that their way of doing business was failing, and their incomes would therefore shortly begin to fall as well. （分数：3.00）11.The two most celebrating holidays in the North and South
7、America, Australia and Europe, and in most of Christian world are Christmas and Easter. （分数：3.00）12.This normally takes from five days to one week for a person to adapt to reversed routine of sleep and wakefulness, sleeping during the day and working at night. （分数：3.00）13.The millions of calculation
8、s involved, if they had been done by hand, all practical value have lost by the time they were finished. （分数：3.00）14.The man who was driving the truck would not admit that he had been at fault, and neither the other driver. （分数：3.00）15.In an attempt to find out how different creatures see the world,
9、 psychologists at Brown University in the U. S. had been comparing the behavior of birds and humans. （分数：3.00）16.During the first two months of a baby“s life, the stimulus that produce a smile is a pair of eyes, which need not be reala mask with two dots will produce a smile. （分数：3.00）17.Unlike many
10、 mid-century papers, The Columbian, publishing every Saturday in Olympia, one of Washington“s largest towns, was “neutral in politics“, meaning that it was not the organ of a particular political party or religious group. （分数：3.00）18.Which is said that somewhere between the ages of 6 and 9, children
11、 begin to think abstractly instead of concretely. （分数：3.00）19.We had a meeting and talked the matter over face to face for fear that there might be any misunderstanding. （分数：3.00）20.Not only tears keep your eyes lubricated, they also contain a substance that kills certain bacteria so that they can“t
12、 infect your eyes. （分数：3.00）21.The money they invest for training also more highly concentrated on professional and managerial employees. （分数：4.00）22.I think even teachers of language, while recognizing the importance of a good accent, tend to neglect, in their practical teaching, the branch of stud
13、y concerning with speaking the language. （分数：4.00）23.The real concern, then, is not that we weigh too much, but what we neither exercise enough nor eat well. （分数：4.00）24.The position which the life preserver will support a person who jumps or falls into the water is the most important, as is its ten
14、dency to turn the wearer in the water from a face-down position to an upright or slightly backward position, with his face clear of the water, even when the wearer is exhausted or unconscious. （分数：4.00）25.According to United States Coast Guard requirements, life preservers must be simple in design,
15、reversible, capable of be quickly adjusted to fit the uninitiated individual, and must be so designed as to support the wearer in the water in an upright or slightly backward position. （分数：4.00）26.As increasing numbers of my friends“ children prescribed medicationsstimulants to deal with inattentive
16、ness at school or anti-depressants to help with the loss of interest and joy in their livesI question the role of kids“ boredom in some of the diagnoses. （分数：4.00）27.Ten years ago young people were hardworking and saw their jobs as their primary reason for being, but so far Japan largely fulfilled i
17、ts economic needs, and young people don“t know where they should go next. （分数：4.00）28.The fact that we are not sure what “intelligence“ is, nor what is passed on does not prevent us from finding it a very useful working concept, and places a certain amount of reliance on tests which “measure“ it. （分
18、数：4.00）29.It was because it raised so many difficult questions the book took a long time to come out. （分数：4.00）30.Toward the end of the century, newspapers in Washington began to carry national advertising, especially from patent medicine companies, that bought space from agencies that brokered ads
19、in papers all over the country. （分数：4.00）专业八级-284 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、LANGUAGE USAGE(总题数：30，分数：100.00)1.If you make a long distance call and get a wrong number, call the operator and explain what happens. （分数：3.00）解析：时态错误，应把 happens 改为 happened。解析 因为句子是在说告诉接线员之前发生的事，是已经过去的动作，所以应该使用过去时。2.Acco
20、rding to a new online survey, one in ten teenagers have an underage friend who has ordered beer, wine or liquor over the Internet. （分数：3.00）解析：主谓不一致，应把 have 改为 has。解析 “one in(out of)+复数名词”作主语，谓语动词一般用单数。此处的主语是 one in ten teenagers，谓语动词应该使用单数形式。3.Eleven years after dismissal from school, young Albert
21、Einstein published the most amazing Theory of Relativity which changed our understanding of the universe. （分数：3.00）解析：定语从句中的关系代词误用，应把 which 改为 that。解析 本句的先行词 Theory of Relativity前面有形容词最高级修饰，因此关系代词只能用 that，不能用 which。4.Their selfishness is most shamelessly expressed in downsizing and outsourcing becau
22、se these business maneuvers don“t act to create new jobs as the founder of new industries used to do, but only to cut out jobs while kept the money value of what those jobs produced for themselves. （分数：3.00）解析：非谓语动词误用，应把 kept 改为 keeping。解析 这里指保持钱的价值，keep 的逻辑主语是these business maneuvers，二者是主谓关系，因此应该使用
23、现在分词。5.It is this sudden confrontation with the depth and scope of ignorance when represents the most significant contribution of the 20th century science to the human intellect. （分数：3.00）解析：强调句型错误，应把 when 改为 that。解析 强调的是句子的主语 this sudden confrontation with the depth and scope of ignorance，只能用 that。
24、6.Brown recommended that older adults structured their days by maintaining a regular cycle and planning activities that “give them pleasure, purpose and a reason for living“. （分数：3.00）解析：虚拟语气错误，应把 structured 改为 structure。解析 表示“建议”的动词，如suggest，recommend 等，后面接宾语从句时，需要使用虚拟语气，谓语用 should+动词原形，should 可以省略
25、。7.At no time smoking permitted in the meeting room, because it will do harm to both smokers and non-smokers. （分数：3.00）解析：倒装句错误，应在 smoking 前加上 is。解析 本句缺少系动词 is，当否定词置于句首以表示强调时，句子要使用倒装结构。这些否定词包括 no，little，hardly，seldom，never，not only，at no time，in no way，not until 等。8.If sustainable competitive advant
26、age depended on work-force skills, American firms will have a problem. （分数：3.00）解析：时态错误，应把 depended 改为 depends。解析 在有条件状语从句的复合句中，若主句为将来时，从句则用一般现在时。9.He has been traveling around this area for a long time and every day on the sides of the dikes he can see the cattle which seems to be the only living c
27、reature in these desolate surroundings. （分数：3.00）解析：主谓不一致，应把 seems 改为 seem。解析 因为 seem 的主语 which 指代的是先行词 the cattle，而 cattle 是集体名词，一般作复数名词。通常表示复数的集体名词还有police，people，militia，vermin 等。10.They began to believe that their way of doing business was failing, and their incomes would therefore shortly begin
28、 to fall as well. （分数：3.00）解析：宾语从句引导词缺失，应在 and 后面加上 that。解析 此处是由 that 引导的两个并列的宾语从句，作 believe 的宾语，that 不能省略。11.The two most celebrating holidays in the North and South America, Australia and Europe, and in most of Christian world are Christmas and Easter. （分数：3.00）解析：非谓语动词误用，应把 celebrating 改为 celebra
29、ted。解析 celebrate 和 holidays 在逻辑上是动宾关系，即“节日被人们庆祝”，因此使用其过去分词。12.This normally takes from five days to one week for a person to adapt to reversed routine of sleep and wakefulness, sleeping during the day and working at night. （分数：3.00）解析：形式主语错误，应把句首的 This 改为 It。解析 该句真正的主语是后面的不定式，由于主语太长，所以将其放在句尾，并用 It 作
30、形式主语，且 It takes sb. sometime to do sth. 为固定表达。13.The millions of calculations involved, if they had been done by hand, all practical value have lost by the time they were finished. （分数：3.00）解析：虚拟语气错误，应在 have 前加上 would。解析 本句包含了与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句，从句谓语动词使用了 had+过去分词，主句谓语动词应使用 would/could/should/might+have+过
31、去分词。句意为“如此之大的计算量，如果用手工计算的话，等到完成的时候也失去了所有的实用价值。”根据句意，在。have 前加上 would 最合适。14.The man who was driving the truck would not admit that he had been at fault, and neither the other driver. （分数：3.00）解析：倒装句错误，应在 neither 后面加上 would。解析 neither 后面的句子没有谓语，应该加上would。neither 用作副词，作“也不”解释，放在句首，表示前面否定的内容也适用于另一个人或物，
32、句子需采用部分倒装，因此把 would 加到 neither 后面。15.In an attempt to find out how different creatures see the world, psychologists at Brown University in the U. S. had been comparing the behavior of birds and humans. （分数：3.00）解析：时态错误，应把 had been comparing 改为 have been comparing。解析 此句没有明显的表示过去完成时的标志性时间状语，因此使用现在完成进行
33、时即可。16.During the first two months of a baby“s life, the stimulus that produce a smile is a pair of eyes, which need not be reala mask with two dots will produce a smile. （分数：3.00）解析：主谓不一致，应把 produce 改为 produces。解析 that 引导的定语从句修饰先行词 stimulus，这个词看似复数形式，其实是单数，表示“刺激，刺激物”，其复数形式为 stimuli，因此从句的谓语应该使用单数形式。
34、17.Unlike many mid-century papers, The Columbian, publishing every Saturday in Olympia, one of Washington“s largest towns, was “neutral in politics“, meaning that it was not the organ of a particular political party or religious group. （分数：3.00）解析：非谓语动词误用，应把 publishing 改为 published。解析 publish 与前面提到的
35、报纸 The Columbian 是动宾关系，因此应该使用过去分词形式表被动。18.Which is said that somewhere between the ages of 6 and 9, children begin to think abstractly instead of concretely. （分数：3.00）解析：形式主语错误，应将 Which 改成 It。解析 固定句型 It is said that.表示“据说”，其中 It 作形式主语。19.We had a meeting and talked the matter over face to face for f
36、ear that there might be any misunderstanding. （分数：3.00）解析：虚拟语气错误，应将 might be 改为 should be 或者 be。解析 for fear that 意为“以免”，其引导的状语从句要使用虚拟语气，谓语用 should+动词原形，should 可以省略。20.Not only tears keep your eyes lubricated, they also contain a substance that kills certain bacteria so that they can“t infect your ey
37、es. （分数：3.00）解析：倒装句错误，应在 tears 前加上助动词 do。解析 这是 not only 放在句首的倒装句，要使用部分倒装，把助动词 do 提到主语 tears 前面。21.The money they invest for training also more highly concentrated on professional and managerial employees. （分数：4.00）解析：语态错误，应在 also 前面加上 is，变成被动语态。解析 此句意思是“他们投入的培训资金主要集中用于培训那些专业和管理层的雇员。”concentrate 的主语是
38、 money，所以应该使用被动语态。22.I think even teachers of language, while recognizing the importance of a good accent, tend to neglect, in their practical teaching, the branch of study concerning with speaking the language. （分数：4.00）解析：非谓语动词误用，应把 concerning 改为 concerned。解析 这里用分词作定语修饰 the branch of study，be conc
39、erned with 意为“关于的”。23.The real concern, then, is not that we weigh too much, but what we neither exercise enough nor eat well. （分数：4.00）解析：从句引导词错误，应把 what 改为 that。解析 not.but.引导的两个从句在逻辑上是对比关系，结构上是平行关系，而且 what 在从句中要充当成分，而此处不缺任何成分，因此应该使用 that。24.The position which the life preserver will support a pers
40、on who jumps or falls into the water is the most important, as is its tendency to turn the wearer in the water from a face-down position to an upright or slightly backward position, with his face clear of the water, even when the wearer is exhausted or unconscious. （分数：4.00）解析：定语从句的关系词误用，应把 which 改为
41、 where 或者在 which 前加上 in。解析 此处定语从句的先行词是 position，而定语从句中的引导词在句子中作状语，因此需要使用关系副词 where，或者 in which。25.According to United States Coast Guard requirements, life preservers must be simple in design, reversible, capable of be quickly adjusted to fit the uninitiated individual, and must be so designed as to
42、 support the wearer in the water in an upright or slightly backward position. （分数：4.00）解析：动词形式错误，应把 capable of 后面的 be 改为 being。解析 因为为介词 of 后面需跟名词或动名词。26.As increasing numbers of my friends“ children prescribed medicationsstimulants to deal with inattentiveness at school or anti-depressants to help w
43、ith the loss of interest and joy in their livesI question the role of kids“ boredom in some of the diagnoses. （分数：4.00）解析：语态错误，应在 prescribed 前加上 are。解析 主语是 numbers of my friends“ children，谓语是 prescribe，二者是动宾关系，因此应该使用被动语态。27.Ten years ago young people were hardworking and saw their jobs as their prim
44、ary reason for being, but so far Japan largely fulfilled its economic needs, and young people don“t know where they should go next. （分数：4.00）解析：时态错误，应在 Japan 后加上 has。解析 因为此处有明显的时态标记词组 so far，应该使用现在完成时。28.The fact that we are not sure what “intelligence“ is, nor what is passed on does not prevent us
45、from finding it a very useful working concept, and places a certain amount of reliance on tests which “measure“ it. （分数：4.00）解析：动词形式错误，应把 places 改为 placing。解析 从句子结构和意义分析来看，place 一词应该与 finding 并列，所以也应该用动词-ing 形式。29.It was because it raised so many difficult questions the book took a long time to come
46、 out. （分数：4.00）解析：强调句型错误，应在 questions 后加上 that。解析 此句为强调句型，被强调部分是原因状语because it raised so many difficult questions，本句意为“正是因为产生了这么多难题，这本书用了很长时间才出版。”30.Toward the end of the century, newspapers in Washington began to carry national advertising, especially from patent medicine companies, that bought space from agencies that brokered ads in papers all over the country. （分数：4.00）解析：定语从句引导词错误，应把第一个 that 改为 which。解析 此处逗号后面是非限制性定语从句，而 that 不能引导非限制性定语从句，只能用 which。
