1、专业八级-281 (1)及答案解析(总分：99.01，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPART LISTENIN(总题数：4，分数：19.00)Job stress has become a common and costly problem in the American workplace, leaving few workers untouched. General introduction to job stress1) definition: harmful physical and (1) _ responses that occur when the requirements of
2、the job do not match the capabilities, resources or needs of the worker.2) difference between challenge and job stress-Challenge (2) _ us psychologically and physically and when a challenge is met, we feel relaxed and satisfied.- In the case of job stress, the stage is set for illness, injury and jo
3、b failure.3) prevention strategies for job stress: individual and (3) _ factors- (4) _ between work and family or personal life- a support network of friends and coworkers- a relaxed and positive outlook. Influences of job stress1) early signs- mood and sleep disturbances- upset stomach and headache
4、- (5) _ with family and friends2) (6) _ diseases- cardiovascular disease- musculoskeletal disorders- psychological disorders3) inadequate job performance like absenteeism which has (7) _ on the bottom line. Measures to reduce job stress1) stress management training, such as employee assistance progr
5、ams to provide (8) _._ for employees with work and personal problems- inexpensive- easy to implement- reducing rapidly stress symptoms like anxiety and sleep disturbances-beneficial effects on stress symptoms are (9) _, because of focus on worker rather than environment2) organizational change, that
6、 is, to bring in a consultant to improve (10) _- identification of stressful aspects of work- design of strategies to reduce or eliminate the identified stressors3) the most useful approach: a combination of organizational change and stress management（分数：10.00）(1).（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1
7、:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_BSECTION B/BI Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions.Now listen to the news./I（分数：5.00）(1).Which of the following statements is NOT mentioned by Ch
8、ristine Carpenter as what a good resume should be?（分数：1.00）A.It should be elaborate.B.It should be customized to the company or position one is applying for.C.It should be easy to read.D.It should be on good bond paper.(2).Which of the following is TRUE about the section of qualifications summary?（分
9、数：1.00）A.This section is a must in a resume.B.This section aims to summarize the applicants character traits.C.This section should be limited to 1 or 2 lines.D.This section helps grab employers attention.(3).The resume of someone with working experience is different from that of a college graduate i
10、n _.（分数：1.00）A.the lengthB.the highlightC.the languageD.the format(4).The cover letter should be addressed _.（分数：1.00）A.to whom it may concernB.to the head of the personnel departmentC.to a specific personD.to the company(5).Which of the following is NOT mentioned as something to be avoided in a goo
11、d cover letter?（分数：1.00）A.Greetings.B.Being too long.C.Reiterating whats in the resume.D.Brilliant language.BSECTION C/BI Questions 6 to 7 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer each question.Now listen to the news./I（分数：2.00）(1).Which of
12、 the following statements about Kofi Annan is TRUE?（分数：1.00）A.He wanted the U. S. to stay aloof in the international community.B.He was nearing the end of his tenure.C.He has been the U. N. leader for five years.D.He has reached agreement with the Bush administration over the Iraq war.(2).According
13、to Annan, to solve the Iraq problem, its necessary to _.（分数：1.00）A.isolate Iran from the international communityB.impose restrictions on Iraqi economyC.talk to Iran and SyriaD.make Iran and Syria compromiseI Questions 8 to 9 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be g
14、iven 10 seconds to answer each question.Now listen to the news./I（分数：2.01）(1).NASA will make all of the following accessible online EXCEPT _.（分数：0.67）A.real-time weather forecastingB.real-time tracking of the space shuttleC.3D maps of the MarsD.3D maps of the Earth(2).How much did Google spend on Yo
15、uTube?（分数：0.67）A.$1,800,000,000.B.$18,000,000.C.$ 80,000,000,000.D.$ 80,000,000._二、BPART READING (总题数：7，分数：20.00)BTEXT A/BHigh in a smooth ocean of sky floated a dazzling, majestic sun. Fragments of powdery cloud, like spray flung from a wave crest, sprinkled the radiant, lake-blue heaven.Relaxed on
16、 a bundle of hay in a comer of a meadow bathed in sunlight, Paul lay dreaming. A gentle breeze was stirring the surrounding hedges; bees moved, humming thoughtfully, from scarlet poppy to purple thistle; a distant lark, invisible in blue light, was flooding the vast realm of the sky with glorious so
17、ng, as the sun was flooding the earth with brilliance. Beyond the hedge a brook tinkled over softlyglowing pebbles. Butterflies hovered above nodding clover. An ant was busily exploring the uncharted territory of Pauls suntanned wrist. A grasshopper skidded briskly over his ankle. And the blazing su
18、n was steadily scorching his fair freckled face to bright lobster red. Neither sun, nor grasshopper, nor ant, however, was able to arouse him.Not even when a fly started crawling over his face did he open his eyes. For Paul was a thousand miles away, in a world of eternal snow and ice. Across the to
19、wering mountain range, a bitter gale was screaming furiously as with one hand he gripped a projecting knob of rock while with his axe he hacked out the next narrow foothold in the rock. As their infallible guide, he was leading his gallant party of climbers up a treacherous, vertical wall of rock to
20、wards the lofty peak above, hitherto unconquered by man. A single slip, however trivial, would probably result in death for all of them. To his right he could glimpse the furrowed glacier sweeping towards the valley, but he was far too absorbed in his task to appreciate fully the scene around or eve
21、n to be aware of a view of almost unearthly beauty. A sudden gust of wind nearly tore him from the ledge where he was perched. Gradually he raised his foot, tested the new foothold on the sheer rock wall, transferred his weight, and signaled to the climbers below.Not until a tractor started working
22、in the next field did he become conscious of his far from icy surroundings. He sat up, wiped his forehead with his handkerchief, glanced at his watch and sighed in resignation. He had a headache through sleeping in the hot sun, a pain in his shoulder from carrying his rucksack; his legs felt stiff a
23、nd his feet ached. With no enthusiasm whatever he pulled the bulging rucksack over his shoulders and drew a large-scale map from his pocket. At the far end of the meadow two slates in the wall, which at this point replaced the hedge, indicated a stile, and beyond he could faintly see a thin thread o
24、f path which dwindled and finally disappeared as it climbed the steep slope of the down, quivering in the glare of the sun. The whole of Nature seemed to be luxuriating in warmth, sunshine and peace. Wherever he looked, leaves on twigs, grass blades, flower petals, all were sparkling in sunlight.Fif
25、teen miles off, over the ridge, across a broad valley and then over a higher, even steeper range of hills lay the youth hostel: supper, company, a cool dip in the river. With a momentary intense longing for ice-axe, blizzard, glacier and heroic exploit (none of which was at all familiar to him), Pau
26、l strode off unwillingly to less dramatic but equally heroic achievement in the tropical heat of an English sun.（分数：5.00）(1).All of the following failed to wake Paul up EXCEPT the _.（分数：1.00）A.sunB.grasshopperC.flyD.tractor(2).What did the ant on Pauls wrist feel about it?（分数：1.00）A.It was a new are
27、a for discovery.B.It was very large.C.It was very dangerous.D.It was unattractive.(3).All of the following are similarities between Pauls dream and journey ahead of him EXCEPT that _.（分数：1.00）A.both demanded skill and courageB.weather conditions in both were extremeC.both could offer worthwhile view
28、sD.both involved hardship(4).What can be inferred about the mountain-climbing in Pauls dream?（分数：1.00）A.It was not a great challenge.B.Though difficult, it was not so dangerous.C.ff successful, they would be the first to reach the summit.D.Paul was shocked by the beauty of the mountain.(5).The passa
29、ge is mainly _.（分数：1.00）A.narrativeB.descriptiveC.persuasiveD.expositive1.BTEXT B/BStratford-on-Avon, as we all know, has only one industry - William Shakespeare - but there are two distinctly separate and increasingly hostile branches. There is the Royal Shakespeare Company (RSC), which presents su
30、perb productions of the plays at the Shakespeare Memorial Theatre on the Avon. And there are the townsfolk who largely live off the tourists who come, not to see the plays, but to look at Anne Hathaways Cottage, Shakespeares birthplace and the other sights.The worthy residents of Stratford doubt tha
31、t the theatre adds a penny to their revenue. They frankly dislike the RSCs actors, those with their long hair and beards and sandals and noisiness. Its all deliciously ironic when you consider that Shakespeare, who eams their living, was himself an actor (with a beard) and did his share of noise-mak
32、ing.The tourist streams are not entirely separate. The sightseers who come by bus and often take in Warwick Castle and Blenheim Palace on the side dont usually see the plays, and some of them are even surprised to find a theatre in Stratford. However, the playgoers do manage a little sight-seeing al
33、ong with their play going. It is the playgoers, the RSC contends, who bring in much of the towns revenue because they spend the night (some of them four or five nights) pouring cash into the hotels and restaurants. The sightseers can take in everything and get out of town by nightfall.The townsfolk
34、dont see it this Way and local council does not contribute directly to the subsidy of the Royal Shakespeare Company. Stratford cries poor traditionally. Nevertheless every hotel in town seems to be adding a new wing or cocktail lounge. Hilton is building its own hotel there, which you may be sure wi
35、ll be decorated with Hamlet Hamburger Bars, the Lear Lounge, the Banquo Banqueting Room, and So forth, and will be very expensive.Anyway, the townsfolk cant understand why the Royal Shakespeare Company needs a subsidy. (The theatre has broken attendance records for three years in a row. Last year it
36、s 1,431 seats were 94 percent occupied ail year long and this year theyll do better.) The reason, of course, is that costs have rocketed and ticket prices have stayed low.It would be a shame to raise prices too much because it would drive away the young people who are Stratfords most attractive clie
37、ntele. They come entirely for the plays, not the sights. They all seem to look alike (though they come from all over) - lean, pointed, dedicated faces, wearing jeans and sandals, eating their buns and bedding down for the night on the flagstones outside the theatre to buy the 20 seats and 80 standin
38、g-room tickets held for the sleepers and sold to them when the box office opens at 10:30 a.m._BTEXT B/BStratford-on-Avon, as we all know, has only one industry - William Shakespeare - but there are two distinctly separate and increasingly hostile branches. There is the Royal Shakespeare Company (RSC
39、), which presents superb productions of the plays at the Shakespeare Memorial Theatre on the Avon. And there are the townsfolk who largely live off the tourists who come, not to see the plays, but to look at Anne Hathaways Cottage, Shakespeares birthplace and the other sights.The worthy residents of
40、 Stratford doubt that the theatre adds a penny to their revenue. They frankly dislike the RSCs actors, those with their long hair and beards and sandals and noisiness. Its all deliciously ironic when you consider that Shakespeare, who eams their living, was himself an actor (with a beard) and did hi
41、s share of noise-making.The tourist streams are not entirely separate. The sightseers who come by bus and often take in Warwick Castle and Blenheim Palace on the side dont usually see the plays, and some of them are even surprised to find a theatre in Stratford. However, the playgoers do manage a li
42、ttle sight-seeing along with their play going. It is the playgoers, the RSC contends, who bring in much of the towns revenue because they spend the night (some of them four or five nights) pouring cash into the hotels and restaurants. The sightseers can take in everything and get out of town by nigh
43、tfall.The townsfolk dont see it this Way and local council does not contribute directly to the subsidy of the Royal Shakespeare Company. Stratford cries poor traditionally. Nevertheless every hotel in town seems to be adding a new wing or cocktail lounge. Hilton is building its own hotel there, whic
44、h you may be sure will be decorated with Hamlet Hamburger Bars, the Lear Lounge, the Banquo Banqueting Room, and So forth, and will be very expensive.Anyway, the townsfolk cant understand why the Royal Shakespeare Company needs a subsidy. (The theatre has broken attendance records for three years in
45、 a row. Last year its 1,431 seats were 94 percent occupied ail year long and this year theyll do better.) The reason, of course, is that costs have rocketed and ticket prices have stayed low.It would be a shame to raise prices too much because it would drive away the young people who are Stratfords
46、most attractive clientele. They come entirely for the plays, not the sights. They all seem to look alike (though they come from all over) - lean, pointed, dedicated faces, wearing jeans and sandals, eating their buns and bedding down for the night on the flagstones outside the theatre to buy the 20
47、seats and 80 standing-room tickets held for the sleepers and sold to them when the box office opens at 10:30 a.m.（分数：5.00）(1).From the first two paragraphs, we learn that _.（分数：1.00）A.the townsfolk despise the RSCs actorsB.the two branches of the RSC do not get along wellC.the RSC produces limited q
48、uantity of playsD.the townsfolk deny the RSCs contribution to the towns revenue(2).What can be inferred about the sightseers and playgoers?（分数：1.00）A.The sightseers never go to see the plays.B.Sightseers and playgoers often come from different places.C.Playgoers often visit the Warwick Castle.D.Playgoers spend more money
