1、职称英语综合类 C 级真题 2015 年及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：120 分钟)一、第一部分：词汇选项（第 115 题，每题 1(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.Railways are the most important mode of transport for the economy. （分数：1.00）A.wayB.factorC.objectiveD.source2.The law carries a penalty of up to three years in prison. （分数：1.00）A.messageB.guiltC.obligationD.pu
2、nishment3.He said some harsh words about his brother.（分数：1.00）A.properB.unkindC.normalD.unclear4.I am going as a favor to Ann because I have to.（分数：1.00）A.partnerB.driveC.guideD.help5.We need to identify the potential problems.（分数：1.00）A.possibleB.mainC.immediateD.common6.When did you first encounte
3、r these difficulties?（分数：1.00）A.createB.presentC.experienceD.resolve7.Dont tempt thieves by leaving valuables clearly visible. （分数：1.00）A.alarmB.catchC.spotD.attract8.There is a need for radical changes in education.（分数：1.00）A.revolutionaryB.long-termC.short-termD.systematic9.Under the terms of the
4、contract, you must give 3 months notice before you leave. （分数：1.00）A.subjectsB.expressionsC.wordsD.rules10.I realized to my horror that I had forgotten the present.（分数：1.00）A.limitB.fearC.powerD.fool11.It frustrates me that Im not able to put any of my ideas into practice. （分数：1.00）A.discouragesB.sh
5、owsC.surprisesD.frightens12.The weather last summer was awful. （分数：1.00）A.badB.fairC.dryD.hot13.The doctors did not reveal the truth to him.（分数：1.00）A.hideB.handleC.discloseD.establish14.My piano playing has improved significantly since I had a new teacher.（分数：1.00）A.definitelyB.generallyC.certainly
6、D.greatly15.He tried to assemble his thoughts.（分数：1.00）A.gatherB.clearC.shareD.spare二、第二部分：阅读判断（第 1622 题，每题(总题数：1，分数：7.00)Living History at Jamestown Settlement A woman in Native American clothes is sitting in the sun, sewing address form animal skin, Inside a building, a colonist is making a wooden
7、 chair, using very simple tools. This is all around, tourists are taking pictures with their digital（数码的）cameras. This is Jamestown settlement today. Jamestown, Virginia, was one of the first place in the word where people form Europe, American, and Africa came together in 1608. Today, it is a livin
8、g history museum, where children and adults come to experience history. In a living history museum, actors wear clothes and adults form the past and demonstrate many of the activities of daily life back then. The actor also talk to the visitors and explain everything they do. At a living history mus
9、eum, there are always many things to touch, hear, and smell. Visitors at Jamestown settlement can walk through copies of the three small sailing ships that carried colonists to Virginia and even lie down in a colonists bed! The colonists stayed on the crowed, dangerous ships for more than four month
10、s. When they got to Virginia, they built an area of houses with a high wall around it. In todays fort（堡垒）, you can see houses, a church, and even a garden with foods that the colonists ate. Women in long dresses work inside their homes, and visitor can help them with their sewing and cooking. There
11、is also an Indian Village at Jamestown settlement, and it looks very different from the fort. It shows how the Indians lived in long houses and grew corn and other crops in large fields. Actors there make pottery（陶器）and teach visitors how to play Indian games. You can even help them make an India bo
12、at form a tree! Today, the living history museum of Jamestown is very popular, especially with children and families. People come here to have fun, but also to learn. Many school classes visit to experience old ways of getting things done. A living history museum is the best way to understand how pe
13、ople lived in the past.（分数：7.00）(1).Tourists like to take pictures in Jamestown Settlement today.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(2).In Jamestown, people form three difficult cultures came together in 1608.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(3).At a living history museum, visitors cannot to
14、uch any of the things on display.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(4).The first colonists to Jamestown were form England.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(5).The actors working at the museum explain what they do to the visitors.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(6).In Jamestown, visito
15、rs can walk through the real ships the colonists used.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(7).Children and families enjoy play Indian games.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned三、第三部分：概括大意与完成句子（第 233(总题数：1，分数：8.00)Interview with Allan Gray 1）I was working for a multinational company in the early
16、1980s, and my brother asked me if I was interested in going into partnership with him to set up a language school. Id always wanted to work for myself, and I was a bit fed up with working for someone else, so I said yes. Primarily, I wanted the freedom to make my own decisions, I wanted room to be c
17、reative, and also I wanted to be able to get the credit and keep the profits if we were successful. I was also happy to carry the can and take the blame if things went wrong. These thing are not possible if you work as an employee in a large organization. 2）I had to borrow money to help start the bu
18、siness, but we were lucky because we also had some outside capital to put into the business. These days it can be really hard to persuade banks to lend money to people who want to start a company, so we were fortunate. It was fairly easy to set up the business, because we had a very clear idea of wh
19、at we wanted to do. The problem was, all our preconceptions（预想）about what it would be like to run a business were wrong. We made lots of mistakes, and we almost went bankrupt（破产的）at the beginning. At one point, we only had two students in the school. 3）Far too long! We lost money for the first four
20、years and, as I was saying, we nearly went out of business. It took quite a long time to start making profit. The best thing we did, though, was that we hired some really good people to work for us. In fact, some of those people are still working for us, 24 years later. Now were doing well, but it w
21、as very risky at first. 4）One is financial constraint（约束）. It can be very tough. Think all small businesses have cashflow problemsit often takes a long time to get paid by your customers. The second big problem is marketing. It takes a lot of funds to market your business, and you have to get your n
22、ame known and build a reputation. But the biggest challenge is managing the people. All businesses are about people, and you have to learn how to deal with all kinds of peopleand I think weve been extremely good at getting the best of our staff.（分数：8.00）(1).A.Strategies in expanding a small business
23、 B.Right people to run a business C.Time-consuming experience of being successful D.Challenges of running a business E.Difficulties in starting the business F.Reasons for working for oneself Paragraph 1_（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.E.F.(2).Paragraph 2_（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.E.F.(3).Paragraph 3_（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.E.F.(4
24、).Paragraph 4_（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.E.F.(5).A.to lose your house B.to manage your employees C.to keep independent D.to lend you money E.to take the responsibility for it F.to make profit If you made a bad decision as a boss, you had_.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.E.F.(6).The difficult thing to start a business is to
25、persuade banks_.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.E.F.(7).If you hire the right people, youll probably be able_.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.E.F.(8).Besides financial and marketing challenges, you must know how_.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.E.F.四、第四部分：阅读理解(总题数：3，分数：45.00)Why Buy Shade-Grown Coffee? When people argue about whether coffee is
26、 good for health, theyre usually thinking of the health of the coffee drinker. Is it food for your heart? Does it increase blood pressure? Does it help you concentrate? However, coffee affects the health of the human population in other ways, too. Traditionally, coffee bushes were planted under the
27、canopy（树冠）of taller indigenous（土生土长的）trees. However, more and more farmers in Latin America are deforesting the land to grow full-sun coffees. At first, this increases production because more coffee bushes can be planted if there arent any trees. With increased production come increased profits. Unf
28、ortunately, deforesting for coffee production immediately decreases local wildlife habitat. Native birds nest and hide from predators（捕食者）in the tall trees and migrating birds rest there. Furthermore, in the long term, the full-sun method also damages the ecosystem because more chemical fertilizers
29、and pesticides are needed to grow the coffee. The fertilizers and pesticides kill insects that eat coffee plant, but then the birds eat the poisoned insects and also die. The chemicals kill or sicken other animals as well, and can even enter the water that people will eventually drink. Fortunately,
30、farmers in Central and South America are beginning to grow more coffee bushes in the shade. We can support these farmers by buying coffee with such labels as “shade grown“ and “bird friendly.“ Sure, these varieties might cost a little more. But were paying for the health of the birds, the land, ours
31、elves, and the planet. I think its worth it.（分数：15.00）(1).What is the main idea of this passage?（分数：3.00）A.Farmers are changing the way they grow coffee.B.Coffee is becoming more expensive to produce.C.Shade-grow coffee is more expensive than sun-grow coffee.D.People should buy shade-grown coffee.(2
32、).The function of the word “Traditionally“ in Paragraph 2 is to show_.（分数：3.00）A.the positive effects of coffee.B.a change of coffee growth.C.something that is the most important.D.how coffee production used to be.(3).What does increased production of full-sun coffee bring about?（分数：3.00）A.More inse
33、cts.B.Better quality coffee.C.Larger farms.D.Higher profits.(4).How do farmers find more land for growing full-sun coffee?（分数：3.00）A.They buy more land from other farmers.B.They cut down trees.C.They move to another country.D.They turn grassland into farmland.(5).The full-sun method may affect the f
34、ollowing EXCEPT_. （分数：3.00）A.insectsB.airC.bridsD.humansAcross the Desert The Sahara Desert is the largest desert in the world. It stretches across Africa from Senegal to Egypt. The Sahara Desert is an unfriendly environment. During the day its very hot, and at night its sometimes very cold. It is a
35、lso difficult to find water in the Sahara. In 2006, Kevin Lin, Ray Zahab, and Charlie Engle decided to do something very difficult. They made the decision to run across the Sahara Desert4,300 miles (6,920 km). It seemed impossible to do, but they wanted to try. The three men liked to test themselves
36、, and this would be a very big test. On the morning of November 2, Kevin, Ray, and Charlie started their trip across the Sahara. Every morning they began running at 5:00. At 11 am they stopped and rested until 5 pm. Then they ran again until 9:30 in the evening. Each day they ran about 40 miles (64
37、km). Every day it was the same thing. They got up and ran. They listened to music on their iPods, and they ran and ran. Kevin, Ray, and Charlie needed to eat a lot of food during their trip. Most people need about 2,000 calories of food each day. Kevin, Ray, and Charlie needed between 6,000 and 9,00
38、0 calories every day. Thats a lot of food! They also needed to drink a lot of water. The three men had some problems on their trip, and many times they wanted to quit and go home. It was often very hot (140/60) during the day, and the heat made them sick. their legs and feet hurt. Sometimes it was v
39、ery windy, and they couldnt see. One time they got lost. But they didnt quit. After 111 days, Kevin, Ray, and Charlie successfully finished their trip across the Sahara Desert. They hugged each other and put their hands in the water of the Red Sea. Then they ran to a hotel to take a long shower.（分数：
40、15.00）(1).The Sahara Desert is not fit for people to live in because of its_（分数：3.00）A.extreme weatherB.remotenessC.vastnessD.salty water(2).What does “a very big test“ in Paragraph 2 mean?（分数：3.00）A.A competitive examination.B.A wise decision.C.A real challenge.D.A time-saving task.(3).Kevin, Ray,
41、and Charlie_（分数：3.00）A.rested at 5 pm every day.B.took a short break an noon.C.started their trip every morning.D.didnt run in the evening.(4).The three men realized that their trip was finished when they_ （分数：3.00）A.saw the Red Sea.B.found a hotel.C.ate up all the food.D.drank all the water.(5).Wha
42、ts the reason for the success of their trip?（分数：3.00）A.They prepared sufficient food.B.They never got lost.C.They developed a good plan.D.They never gave up.The Value of tears Tears can ruin make-up, bring conversation to a stop, and give you a runny nose. They can leave you embarrassed and without
43、energy. However, crying is a fact of life, and tears are very useful. Even when youre not crying, your eyes produce tears. These create a film over the eyes surface. This film contains a substance that protects your eyes against infection. Tears relieve stress, but we tend to fight them for all sort
44、s of reasons. “People worry about showing their emotions. Theyre afraid that once they lose control, theyll never get it back.“ explains psychologist Dorothy Rowe. “As children we were sometimes punished for shedding tears or expressing anger. As adults we still fear the consequences of showing emot
45、ions.“ Almost any emotiongood or bad, happy or sadcan cause tears. Crying is a way that we release built-up emotions. Tears help you when you feel you are ready to explode because of very strong feelings. It may explain why people who are afraid to cry often suffer more heart attacks than people who
46、 cry more freely. When some people become very stressed, however, they cant cry. They may be feeling shock, anger, fear, or grief, but they repress（抑制）the emotion. “Everyone has the need to cry,“ says psychotherapist（精神治疗师）Vera Diamond. Sometimes in therapy sessions, patients participate in crying e
47、xercises. They practice crying so that they can get used to expressing emotion. Diamond says its best to cry in safe, private places, like under the bedcovers or in the car. Thats because many people get uncomfortable when others cry in front of them. In fact, they may be repressing their own need t
48、o cry. In certain situations, such as at work, tears are not appropriate. Its good to hold back tears during a tense business discussion. “But once you are safely behind closed doors,dont just cry,“ Diamond says. She suggests that you act out the whole situation again and be as noisy and angry as yo
49、u like. It will help you feel better. “And,“ she adds, “once our tears have released the stress, you can begin to think of logical ways to deal problem.“ Tears are a sign of our ability to feel. You should never be afraid to cry.（分数：15.00）(1).The word “film“ in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to_（分数：3.00）A.doorB.pointC.coatD.level(2).Crying is useful in that it_（分数：3.00）A.helps you not to explode.B.eases heart attacks.C.makes others comfortable.D.cleans your eyes.(3).According to Vera Diamond,
