1、专业八级-8 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPART LISTENIN(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Coffee, a hot beverage favored by people in different regions, is said to have been (1)_ (1)_ in Ethiopia. It was found by a man named Kaldi, a goat (2)_. When he was taking his goats (2)_ through the mountains, they stopped to graze
2、the plants nearby. Suddenly, some of them became very excited, jumping up and down. Such strange (3)_was confusing to Kaldi but by taking (3)_ the same plants, he found the answer-their excitement was related to the (4)_beans they (4)_ had eaten. To prove his finding, he took some beans back and ask
3、ed the villagers to eat. They, too, felt the (5)_effect. (5)_ Ever since then, people would take some beans when they were in the mountains and wanted to be more (6)_Later they learned to (6)_ (7)_the beans by picking and drying (7)_ them. However, the dried ones were too hard to eat, (8)_people sta
4、rted to crush them and (8)_ then boil them in water. Since the bean was found in the province called Kaffa, it got the name “Kaffa“ and later “coffee“. The (9)_of coffee drinking spread to the (9)_ Arab countries through the Arab travelers and then through both travelers and (10)_to other (10)_ regi
5、ons such as Europe, North America and Asia. Today, it became a popular hot drink around the world.（分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_二、BSECTION B/B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)(1).The interviewee believes that having all union employees is the _way of operating from an
6、 employers point of view.（分数：1.00）A.simplestB.most difficultC.most tediousD.least desirable(2).Joining a union gives an employer the security of never having to worry about_.（分数：1.00）A.recruitingB.productivityC.the workforceD.administration(3).According to the interviewee, when an employee joins a u
7、nion he becomes_.（分数：1.00）A.more independentB.his own bargaining agentC.less independentD.more troublesome(4).The interviewee believes that those who work for a non-union small business_.（分数：1.00）A.have far less freedomB.have more freedomC.have the same freedomD.lose their freedom(5).One advantage o
8、f a non-union business is being able to deal directly with_.（分数：1.00）A.shop stewardsB.agentsC.employeesD.trade officials三、BSECTION C/B(总题数：2，分数：5.00)(1).The EU summit meeting will_.（分数：1.00）A.discuss the EUs financeB.appoint a new EU presidentC.solve the problems left by the mass resignation of EU c
9、ommissionD.all of the above(2)._ seems to the favorite candidate for the EU presidency.（分数：1.00）A.Dutch Prime Minister Wim KokB.NATO chief Javier SolanaC.Portugals Antonio GuterresD.Former Italian Prime Minister Romano ProdiI Questions 8 to 10 are based on the following news. At the end of the news
10、item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer each question. Now listen to the news./I（分数：3.00）(1).How many armed policemen were stationed to protect Augusto Pinochet?（分数：1.00）A.9.B.12.C.14D.11.(2).Why were the supporters of former British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher indignant at Pinochets deten
11、tion?（分数：1.00）A.Because Pinochet was too old to be treated in such a way.B.Because the police spent too much money on such a task.C.Because it was inhuman to keep too close surveillance on a man.D.Because Pinochet was considered to be a friend of Great Britain,(3).Which of the following statements i
12、s TRUE according to the news?（分数：1.00）A.Pinochet was never allowed to leave his villa.B.Pinochets case had never been tried.C.Some people, however, were trying to free Pinochet.D.News reporters enjoyed the privilege of interviewing the former Chilean general.四、BPART READING (总题数：7，分数：20.00)BTEXT A/B
13、Concern with money, and then with more money, in order to buy the conveniences and luxuries of modern life, has brought great changes to the lives of most Frenchmen. More people are working than ever before in France. In the cities the traditional leisurely midday meal is disappearing. Offices, shop
14、s, and factories are discovering the greater efficiency of a short lunch hour in company lunchrooms. In almost all lines of work, emphasis now falls on ever-increasing output. Thus the “typical“ Frenchman produces more, earns more, and buys more consumer goods than his counterpart of only a generati
15、on ago. He gains in creature comforts and ease of life. What he loses to some extent is his sense of personal unique- ness, or individuality.Some say that France has been Americanized. This is because the United States is a world symbol of the technological society and its consumer products. The so-
16、called Americanization of France has its critics. They fear that “assembly-line life“ will lead to the disappearance of the pleasures of the more graceful and leisurely (but less productive) old French style. What would happen, they ask, to taste, elegance, and the cultivation of good things in life
17、-to joy in the smell of a freshly picked apple, a stroll by the river, or just happy hours of conversation in a local cafe?Since the late 1950s life in France has indeed taken on qualities of rush, tension, and pursuit of material gains. Some of the strongest critics of the new way of life are the y
18、oung, especially university students. They are concerned with the future, and they fear that France is threatened by triumph of this competitive, goods-oriented culture. Occasionally, they have reacted against the trend with considerable violence.In spite of the critics, however, countless Frenchmen
19、 are committed to keeping France in the forefront of the modern economic world. They find that the present life brings more rewards, conveniences, and pleasures than that of the past. They believe that a modern, industrial France is preferable to the old.（分数：2.00）(1).Which of the following is NOT gi
20、ven as a feature of the old French way of life?（分数：1.00）A.Leisure.B.Elegance.C.Efficiency.D.Taste.(2).Which of the following is NOT true about Frenchmen?（分数：1.00）A.Many of them prefer the modern life style.B.They actually enjoy working at the assembly line.C.They are more concerned with money than b
21、efore.D.They are more competitive than the older generation.BTEXT B/BIn ancient Greece athletic festivals were very important and had strong religious associations. The Olympian athletic festival held every four years in honor of Zeus, king of the Olympian Gods, eventually lost its local character,
22、and became first a national event and then, international.The Games took place in August on the plain by Mount Olympus. Many thousands of spectators gathered from all parts of Greece. Slaves, women and dishonored persons were not allowed to compete. The exact sequence of events is uncertain, but eve
23、nts included boys gymnastics, boxing, wrestling, horse racing and field events.On the last day of the Games, all the winners were honored by having a ring of holy olive leaves placed on their heads. So great was the honor that the winner of the foot race gave his name to the year of his victory. Alt
24、hough Olympic winners received no prize money, they were, in fact, richly rewarded by their state authorities. How their results were compared with modern standards, we unfortunately have no means of telling.Nowadays, the Games are held in different countries in turn. The host country provides vast
25、facilities, including a stadium, swimming pools and living accommodation, but competing countries pay their own athletes expenses.The Olympics start with the arrival in the stadium of a torch, lighted on Mount Olympus by the suns rays. It is carried by a succession of runners to the stadium. The tor
26、ch symbolizes the continuation of the ancient Greek athletic ideals, and it burns throughout the Games until the closing ceremony. The well-known Olympic flag, however, is a modern conception: the five interlocking rings symbolize the uniting of all five continents participating in the Games.（分数：2.0
27、0）(1).In the early days of ancient Olympic Games_.（分数：1.00）A.only male Greek athletes were allowed to participate in the GamesB.all Greeks, irrespective of sex, religion or social status, were allowed to take part inC.all Greeks, with the exception of women, were allowed to compete in the GamesD.all
28、 male Greeks were qualified to compete in the Games(2).Nowadays, the athletes expenses are paid for_.（分数：1.00）A.out of the prize money of the winnersB.out of the funds raised by the competing nationsC.by the athletes themselvesD.by contributionsBTEXT C/BA child who has once been pleased with a tale
29、likes, as a rule, to have it retold in identically the same words, but this should not lead parents to treat printed fairy stories as sacred texts. It is always much better to tell a story than read it out of a book, and, if a parent can produce what, in the actual circumstances of the time and the
30、individual child, is an improvement on the printed text, so much the better.A charge made against fairy tales is that they harm the child by frightening him or arousing his sadistic impulses. To prove the latter, one would have to show in a controlled experiment that children who have read fairy sto
31、ries were more often guilty of cruelty than those who had not. Aggressive, destructive, sadistic impulses every child has and, on the whole, their symbolic verbal discharge seems to be rather a safety valve than an incitement to overt action. As to fears, there are, I think, well-authenticated cases
32、 of children being dangerously terrified by some fairy stories once. Familiarity with the story by repetition turns the pain of fear into the pleasure of a fear faced and mastered.There are also people who object to fairy stories on the grounds that they are not objectively true, that giants, witche
33、s, two-headed dragons, magic carpets, etc., do not exist, and that, instead of indulging his fantasies in fairy tales, the child should be taught how to adapt to reality by studying history and mechanics. I find such people, I must confess, so unsympathetic and peculiar that I do not know how to arg
34、ue with them. If their case were sound, the world should be full of madmen attempting to fly from New York to Philadelphia on a broomstick or covering a telephone with kisses in the belief that it was their enchanted girlfriend.No fairy story ever claimed to be a description of the external world an
35、d no sane child has ever believed that it was.（分数：2.00）(1).Fairy stories are a means by which childrens impulses may be_.（分数：1.00）A.beneficially channeledB.given a destructive tendencyC.held back until maturityD.effectively suppressed(2).The authors mention of broomsticks and telephones is to sugges
36、t that_.（分数：1.00）A.fairy stories are still being made upB.there is confusion about different kinds of truthC.people try to modernize old fairy storiesD.there is more concern for childrens fears nowadaysBTEXT D/BIn Britain in the middle of the eighteenth century, requisite conditions were in evidence
37、 for making that nation the first great industrial country, “the workshop of the world“. Already enjoying a vigorous commercial economy, Britain experienced a tremendous population growth and increasing trade at home and abroad.The population boom is attributed to several circumstances in Britain at
38、 that time. Good harvests had produced abundant and therefore cheaper food. The plague years were over, probably as a result of improved water supplies and the availability of soap. With opportunities for work in industry, people were marrying younger and producing larger families for whom they coul
39、d earn the means to provide. The death rate dropped, and the population in- creased. Labor was thus accessible for the development of an industrial society.Industrys need for fuel sparked expansion in coal mining. Production of iron depended upon coal smelting, which produced cheap iron for machines
40、 and buildings. The iron industry moved to the central and northern sections of Britain for coal. Following the invention and improvement of the steam engine, water power was supplanted by steam power with its ensuing requirement of access to coal fields.Britains foremost industries were wool and co
41、tton weaving. Between 1733 and 1789, a series of ingenious labor-saving machines were invented. They would dispense with water power and rely on steam for increased production. Kays flying shuttle made it possible to widen cloth and doubled production as well. Hargreaves spinning jenny, a cotton-spi
42、nning machine that replaced the spinning wheel, and Cartwrights power loom rejuvenated both the cotton and wool industries. Once the countryside was dotted with mills beside rivers and streams, but the need for coal drove the textile industry into the North where it continues to operate to this day.
43、 Industrialization was complemented by a dynamic approach to cheap transportation. A network of canals was constructed and covered 2,000 miles by 1815. The canal system reduced coal prices and provided easier access to raw materials and markets. Furthermore, a man named Macadam had the idea of solid
44、ifying roads with small stones, so road traffic was made easier.This period of British industrial expansion is called the Industrial Revolution. The rapid change in the nations economy was effected by the steam engine and various power-driven machines. Never again would England be an agricultural na
45、tion.（分数：2.00）(1).The main topic of the passage on Britain in the eighteenth century is_.（分数：1.00）A.its population boom at that timeB.the development of its fuel supplyC.the development of Britains wool and cotton weaving industriesD.the Industrial Revolution of Britain(2).The author mentions Kays f
46、lying shuttle, Hargreaves spinning jenny and Cartwrights power loom in order to show that_.（分数：1.00）A.these labor-saving machines were also independent from any power-driven enginesB.since these inventors were northerners, the textile industry became more prosper- ous in the north than in the southC
47、.these machines replaced one another and the frequent renewal of implements caused the rapid development of the wool and cotton weaving industriesD.with the invention of these machines substituting for the former labor-consuming ones, the textile industry was revitalizedBTEXT E/BShopping for clothes
48、 is not the same experience for a man as it is for a woman. A man goes shopping because he needs something. His purpose is settled and decided in advance. He knows what he wants, and his objective is to find it and buy it; the price is a secondary consideration. All men simply walk into a shop and ask the assistant for what they want. If the shop has it in stock, the salesman promptly produces it, and the business of trying it on proceeds at once. All being wel
