1、专业八级-86 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPART LISTENIN(总题数：1，分数：10.00)B National Parks/B In AmericanU (1) /U, priority is given to the amusement of the public. But for the National Parks, the priority isU (2) /UThe first national park called Yellowstone was founded in Wyoming inU (3) /U. Every year, 2.
2、5 million people visit this park. American national parks are keptU (4) /UNo tree-felling is allowed. Sometimes, even natural forestU (5) /Uare allowed to burn themselves out. American national parks are run by theU (6) /U, who are not only conservationists, but also guides. They answer visitors que
3、stions on the plants, animals andU (7) /Uof the parks. They are also trained policemen. They must be ready to handleU (8) /Uof all kinds. In the mountains and forests of the northwestern states, there is a most ferocious carnivore in the world-U (9) /U. But this kind of carnivore is now protected. I
4、f a policeman in the park has to shoot one in the case of danger, they useU (10) /Uinstead of bullets.（分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_二、BSECTION B/B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)(1).Who go to classes at the adult education center?（分数：1.00）A.Those who have more leisur
5、e time.B.Those who want to get diplomas.C.Those who want to get “A“ levels.D.Those who have already left school.(2).Whats the reason for the third type of people to attend classes?（分数：1.00）A.For personal pleasure and a qualification.B.For their interest in the course.C.In order to make new friends.D
6、.In order to study English Literature.(3).What courses require previous qualifications?（分数：1.00）A.The academic courses.B.The vocational courses.C.“A“ level or diploma courses.D.The majority of courses.(4).How long do the courses usually last?（分数：1.00）A.5 or 6 months.B.9 or 10 months.C.One year.D.One
7、 year and a half.(5).Which of the following is NOT true according to the interviewer?（分数：1.00）A.Homework is compulsory for diploma courses.B.It usually cost between 10 and 25 to take a course.C.The pensioners usually spend less money than others.D.Students can be recommended for jobs after training.
8、三、BSECTION C/B(总题数：2，分数：5.00)(1).Which statement is NOT true about Google Inc. last summer?（分数：1.00）A.It cut down is asking price.B.The price of a stare was 85.C.Google Inc, had anticipated at that time that there would be a bulish stock.D.The goal of Google Inc.s measure was to attract more demands
9、.(2).According to the analysts, which one is TRUE?（分数：1.00）A.Google is a stock bubble.B.Google stock will reach its top and begin to drop in the coming months.C.Investors interests are deterred by their worries over Google inc.D.Investing on Google always has big risks.I Questions 8 to 10 are based
10、on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer each question. Now listen to the news./I（分数：3.00）(1).Among the 700 partygoers, at least_ people were killed and _others injured.（分数：1.00）A.18; 400B.8; 300C.80; 120D.8; 200(2).The hospitalized people suffer fro
11、m（分数：1.00）A.bullet wounds.B.bums and smoke inhalation.C.traumatic shock.D.panic.(3).The loss is reported to have been caused by（分数：1.00）A.an inflammable set of Christmas decorations.B.the blockade of most of the exits.C.the carelessness of the party host.D.both A and B.四、BPART READING (总题数：6，分数：20.0
12、0)BTEXT A/BMore than any other poet Lord Byron has been identified with his own heroes with Childe Harold, the romantic traveller; with Manfred, the outcast from society; with Don Juan, the cynical, heartless lover. Although Byron did use his own life as the material for much of his poetry, it is by
13、 no means purely autobiographical. It is, however, in his long poems that Byrons genius most truly resides rather than in the lyrics which usually represent him in selections.Byron was born into an aristocratic family of doubtful reputation. His father died of drink and debauchery when Byron was 3,
14、and when he was 10 his great uncle-Lord Byron-also died. Byron inherited the title, a vast house called New stead Abbey, and estates already mortgaged or in decay.Byrons father, by his first marriage, had a daughter, Augusta, Byrons half-sister. His fathers second wife, Byrons own mother, was a prou
15、d Calvinistic Scotswoman named Catherine Gordon of Gight. He was born with a malformed foot-a disability which tortured him with self-consciousness in his youth. He went to Harrow and to Trinity College, Cambridge, where, amongst other eccentricities, he kept a bear. While an undergraduate he publis
16、hed his first book of poems, Hours of Idleness. The adverse criticism it deservedly got stung Byron not to despair but to revenge, and he replied with a satire in the manner of Pope called English Bards and Scotch Reviewers. After Cambridge, Byron went on the grand tour of Europe, traditional for me
17、n of his education; but owing to the Napoleonic Wars, his route took him, not overland, as was usual by way of Paris to Rome, but by sea to Lisbon, Spain, and the Mediterranean. For nearly 2 years he wandered about Greece and the Aegean Islands. This was the shaping time of his imagination.When he w
18、as 23, his mother died, and he came home, an extremely handsome young man, to install himself boisterously at New stead Abbey. He entered London society and spoke in the House of Lords It was now that he showed his friend, R. C. Dallas, a new satire, Hints from Horace. Dallas, secretly not much impr
19、essed, asked if he had anything else; Byron quite casually said that he had a lot of Spenserian stanzas. Dallas read them with astonishment and delight, showed them to Murray the publisher, and on 20 February 1812, the first two cantos of Childe Harold were: published. They took the town by storm. B
20、yron became famous overnight. He could not now write fast enough, and in the next 4 years appeared a series of romantic poems, the best among them being The Corsair and The Bride of Abydos. It is said that 14,000 copies of The Corsiar were sold in a day.Byron had always been susceptible to women and
21、 attractive to them; now that he was successful, they threw themselves at his head. For 3 years he lived in the limelight, and then, quite unaccountably, married Ann Milbanke, a frigid, correct, intellectual woman, entirely unsuited to him but with a lot of money. She bore him a daughter and left hi
22、m within a year, hinting that he had an immoral relationship with his half-sister Augusta. Society turned against him, as lavish now with calumny and spite as it had been with praise and flattery. Byron would not stay to be insulted; he left England for good.The next few years were spent mostly in V
23、enice, where Byron established himself with a menagerie of strange animals and conducted various love affairs. It was in Italy that his masterpiece Don Juan was written. This brilliant, caustic, rambling satire is written in a colloquial style which is the result of a mastery of technique. Byron, al
24、ways a fluent writer, was not over-critical of his own work; but Beppo, A Vision of Judgment, and Don Juan more than justify his reputation as a great poet. His influence on European literature-both by what he wrote and by the general idea of the romantic figure of Childe Harold-the typical Byronic
25、hero-was very great.Like many poets, Byron was at heart a man of action. He loved the idea of freedom, and threw himself with intense energy into the Greek struggle for independence from Turkey. In 1823, he left Italy for Greece, but the next year, worn out with the ardors of the campaign, he caught
26、 rheumatic fever and died at Missolonghi, mourned as a national hero by the Greeks.（分数：4.00）(1).According to the passage, which of the following is true about Byron?（分数：1.00）A.Byrons poetry is autobiographical in nature.B.Byron was born in a wealthy aristocratic family without good reputation.C.Byro
27、n, a romantic poem, had interest in politics.D.It took years for Byron to became well known.(2).This passage is most probably taken from_.（分数：1.00）A.an encyclopediaB.a book reviewC.an autobiographyD.a history book(3).Byrons genius is best displayed in_.（分数：1.00）A.his lyricsB.his long poemsC.his sati
28、reD.his Spenserian stanzas(4).From the passage, we can learn that Don Juan_.（分数：1.00）A.is the self-image of Byron, a romantic loverB.is one of the typical Byronic heroes who fights for freedomC.is an outcast from society, just like Byron himselfD.is unwilling to believe that people have good reasons
29、 for their actionsBTEXT B/BWhat the Germans call Schadenfreude taking pleasure in the pain of others is never more delicious than when those in pain are prominent, powerful, prosperous and conceited. So it is understandable that a wave of pure delight is now coursing through the rest of higher educa
30、tion as Harvard-probably Americas greatest university, and certainly its most arrogant-licks a self-inflicted wound known as grade inflation. The wound in time will heal, but it has exposed weakness and hypocrisy that make Harvard something of a joke.The matter first came to light a couple of months
31、 ago when the Boston Globe reported, in a first-rate series by Patrick Healy, on “Harvards dirty little secret: Since the Viet Nam era, grade inflation has made its top prize for students-graduating with honours-virtually meaningless.“That is because in the Class of 2001, “a record 91 M of Harvard s
32、tudents graduated summa, magna, or cum laude, for more than at Yale (51%), Princeton (44%), and other elite universities.“ Healy continued: “While the world regards these students as the best of the best of Americas 13 million undergraduates, Harvard honours have actually become the laughingstock of
33、 the Ivy League.“Its hard to say which of these figures is more astonishing: the 51% As, the 91% graduating with honours, or the B-minus for honours. Taken individually or collectively, these figures depict an undergraduate college in which there is no longer any meaningful distinction among the exc
34、ellent, the satisfactory and the mediocre.Grade inflation does not seem to be as out of control at most other places as it is at Harvard, but it is a widespread problem. Its causes are complex. Prospective employers are now looking for high grades and honours diplomas; one corporate recruiter told H
35、ealy, “A degree from Harvard is very good, but honours certainly helps it along; it indicates someone has really worked hard.“A report, by the Educational Policy Committee of Harvards Faculty of Arts and Sciences revealed that grade inflation is most visible in the humanities. The chairman of the cl
36、assics department told the Crimson, “The humanities are less empirically based-theres less of a distinction between right and wrongand more latitude for subjectivity.“Yes, its true-as Harvards defenders have been quick to point out that undergraduates there are of the first rank and that they should
37、 be expected to do superior work by the simple fact of their having been admitted in the first place. Yet not all superior students do equally superior work.If a college must give grades and honours-and a credentials-obsessed society insists that it do sothen it should make every effort to ensure th
38、at those grades and honours have meaning.No American university is so well placed as Harvard to set high standards and demand that students, if they wish to receive academic honours, meet them. In this hour of its embarrassment, it has an opportunity to set an example by doing precisely that.（分数：4.0
39、0）(1).Why do people in all the other universities in America experience great pleasure in seeing Harvard dealing with the problem of grade inflation?（分数：1.00）A.Because of their jealousy of Harvard.B.Because of their inferiority to Harvard.C.Because of Harvards reputation as the best school in the co
40、untry.D.Because of their conceitedness.(2).Grade inflation itself shows that_.（分数：1.00）A.Harvards graduates may not be as good as people thoughtB.Harvards graduates do not deserve high grades and honours at allC.Harvard is actually a university filled with hypocrisyD.Harvard is actually weak in huma
41、nities(3).Grade inflation may result in_.（分数：1.00）A.meaningless grades and honoursB.a lack of distinction between right and wrongC.a meaningful difference between the outstanding students and the average studentsD.a determination to make students more competitive in job hunting(4).According to the p
42、assage, which of the following statements is NOT true?（分数：1.00）A.Harvard sets high standards to meet the students demand for academic honoursB.Grade inflation has brought embarrassment to HarvardC.The problem of grade inflation offers a good chance for Harvard to set an example of high standards for
43、 its studentsD.The problem of grade inflation in Harvard would help fight the same tendency in other universitiesBTEXT C/B“Finagle“ is not a word that most people associate with science. One reason why science is so respected these days is that the image of the scientist is of one who dispassionatel
44、y collects data in an impartial search for truth. In any debate over intelligence, schooling, bias, energy-the phrase “science says“ usually squashes the opposition.But scientists have long acknowledged the existence of a “finagle factor“-a tendency by many scientists to give a helpful nudge to the
45、data to produce desired results. The latest example of the finagle factor in action comes from Stephen Jay Gould, a Harvard biologist, who has examined the important 19th century work of Dr. Samuel George Morton.Morton was famous in his time not only for amassing a huge collection of skulls but also
46、 for anything the cranial capacity, or brain size, of the skulls as a measure of intelligence. He concluded that whites had the largest brains, that the brains of Indians and blacks were smaller, and therefore, that whites constitute a superior race.Gould went back to Mortons original data and concl
47、uded that the results were an example of the finagle at work. “I have reanalyzed Mortons data,“ Gould wrote last week in the journal, Science, “and I find that they are a patch work of assumption and finagling, controlled, probably unconsciously, by his conventional prior ranking.“Morton reached his
48、 conclusions, Gould found, by leaving out embarrassing data, using incorrect procedures, making simple arithmetical mistakes (always in his favour) and changing his criteria again, always in favour of his argument.Left alone, that finding would not be particularly disturbing. Morton has been thoroughly discredited by now. Scientists do not believe that brain size reflects intelligence, and Mortons brand of raw racism is out of style.But Gould goes on to say that Mortons story is only “an admittedly egre
