1、专业八级-80 及答案解析(总分：99.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPART LISTENIN(总题数：1，分数：10.00)BSECTION A/BIn this section, you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task
2、after the mini-lecture. When the lecture is over, youll be give a two minutes to check your notes, and another 10 minutes to complete the gap-filling task.Now listen to the mini-lecture.Complete the gap-filling task. Some of the gaps below may require a maximum of THREE words. Make sure the word (s)
3、 you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may refer to your notes.B Audience/BAudience is a very important concept for writing.The audience influences the content, structure, style,etc of your writing. You need to analyze your audiencein terms ofB1. Your social relati
4、ons/BThrough writing, you are making social(1) _ with other members of the society. (1)_B2. Their (2)_of your subject/B (2)_This analysis is particularly valuable in (3) (3)_writing.B3. Their (4) _ to the subject and your/B (4)_Bposition in the writing/BThis analysis is extremely important in (5) _
5、(5)_writing.1) To those who agree, (6) _ the importance (6)_of your position;2 ) To those who are neutral or undecided, addresstheir (7)_ as directly and fully as possible; (7)_3) To whose who disagree, try to find out whythey disagree. There may be two reasons for theirdisagreement:lack of informat
6、ionpersonal, poetical, or (8)_reasons (8)_For the former, give them relevant information as(9)_as possible. (9)_For the latter, you need to show your (10) (10)_of them and address them accordingly.（分数：10.00）(1).（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_二、BSECTION
7、 B/B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview, you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following 5 questions.Now listen to the interv
8、iew.（分数：5.00）(1).The interview is mainly about（分数：1.00）A.how to select universities in the UK.B.living in the UK for students.C.living in the UK for immigrants.D.how to find jobs in the UK.(2).According to George Allen, tuition fees mostly depend on（分数：1.00）A.the university students own choices.B.th
9、e location of the university.C.the type of course students take.D.the teaching facilities of the university.(3).What does George Allen think about food in the UK?（分数：1.00）A.It is boring and uninteresting.B.It is very good.C.People use too many spices in their cooking.D.Local pubs provide cheap food
10、with good quality.(4).Which place has the best nightlife in Britain?（分数：1.00）A.London.B.Manchester.C.Birmingham.D.Southwest of England.(5).People can get information about the UK from all the following EXCEPT（分数：1.00）A.guide books.B.Internet.C.the British Council.D.the university accommodation offic
11、e.三、BSECTION C/B(总题数：2，分数：4.00)In this section, you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 6 to 7 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the two questions.Now listen to
12、 the news.（分数：2.00）(1).The space between Earth and Sun is（分数：0.40）A.a vacuum.B.full of dusts.C.full of atomic particles.D.windy.(2).According to Mr. Hildner, intense solar emissions（分数：0.40）A.are dangerous to us on the surface of Earth.B.are dangerous to airplane passengers.C.can destiny satellites.
13、D.can destroy power networks._Questions 9 and I0 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the two questions.Now listen to the news.（分数：2.00）(1).The year 2007 will be named as（分数：1.00）A.the Year of Russia in China.B.the Year of Trade
14、 in China.C.the Year of Trade in Russia.D.the Year of China in Russia.(2).The summit between Putin and Hu will（分数：1.00）A.lead to breakthroughs in bilateral cooperation.B.help to forge a new bilateral relationship.C.focus on bilateral cooperation in education.D.last for five days.四、BPART READING (总题数
15、：7，分数：20.00)In this section there are several reading passage followed by a total of twenty multiple-choice questions. Read the passage and then mark your answers on your answer sheet.BTEXT A/BIt was a day that Michael Eisner would undoubtedly like to forget. Sitting in a Los Angeles witness box for
16、 four hours last week, the usually unflappable chairman of the Walt Disney Co. struggled to maintain his composure. Eisner s protg turned nemesis. Jeffrey Katzenberg, his former employee, was seeking $500 million in his breach-of-contract suit against Disney, and Eisner was trying to defend his-and
17、his company s integrity. At one point Eisner became flustered when Katzenberg s attorney, Bertram Fields, asked if he recalled telling his biographer, Tony Schwartz,“ I think I hate the little midget.“ Later Eisner recalled that the same day, he had received a fax from Katzenberg meant for Fields, t
18、hanking the lawyer for “managing“ a magazine story that praised Katzenberg at Eisner s expense: “I said to Schwartz, Screw that. If he is going to play this disingenuous game. I simply was not going to pay him his money.“Last week s revelations were the latest twist in a dispute that has entertained
19、 Hollywood and tarnished Disney s corporate image. The dash began five years ago, when Katzenberg quit Disney after a 10-year reign as studio chief, during which he oversaw production of such animated blockbusters as “The Lion King“. Disney s attorneys said that Katzenberg forfeited his bonus2 perce
20、nt of profits in perpetuity from all Disney movies, TV shows and stage productions from 1984 to 1994, as well as their sequels and tie-ins-when he left. The company ultimately paid Katzenberg a partial settlement of nearly $117 million, sources say. But talks broke down over how much Disney owed, an
21、d the dispute landed in com.Industry insiders never expected that Disney would push it this far. The last Hollywood accounting dispute that aired in public was Art Buchwalds lawsuit against Paramount for profits he claimed to be owed from the 1988 Eddie Murphy hit “Coming to America“. Paramount chos
22、e to fight Buchwald in courtonly to wind up paying him $l million after embarrassing revelations about its business practices. After that, studios made a practice of quietly settling such claims. But Disney under Eisner would rather fight that settle. And he and Katzenberg are both proud, combative
23、types whose business disagreement deepened into personal animus,So far, Disney s imageas well as Eisner shas taken a beating. In his testimony last week Eisner repeatedly responded to questions by saying “I don t recall“ or “I don t know“. Katzenberg, by contrast, offered a stack of notes and memos
24、that appeared to bolster his claim. (The Disney executive who negotiated Katzenberg s deal, Frank Wells, died in a helicopter crash five years ago.)The trial has also offered a devastating glimpse into the Magic Kingdom s business dealings. Internal documents detail sensitive Disney financial inform
25、ation. One Hollywood lawyer calls a memo sent to Katzenberg from a former Disney top accountant “a road map to riches“ for writers, directors and producers eager to press cases against Disney. The company declined requests to comment on the case. The next phase of the trial could be even more embarr
26、assing. As Katzenbergs profit participation is calculated, Eisner will have to argue that his animated treasures are far less valuable than Katzenberg claims. No matter how the judge rules, Disney will look like a loser.（分数：5.00）(1).At the end of the first paragraph, the pronoun “r in the quoted sen
27、tence “I said to Schwatz, . “refers to _.（分数：1.00）A.EisnerB.FieldsC.SchwatzD.Katzenberg(2).Katzenberg made a lawsuit against Disney because _.（分数：1.00）A.Disney dismissed him before the contract expiredB.Eisner insulted him in a magazine by calling him “the little midget“C.Disney did not pay him in a
28、ccordance with the contractD.Disney owed him $117 million(3).Hollywood studios now try to avoid sealing disputes with their employees in court because they fear that_.（分数：1.00）A.involvement in a lawsuit will tarnish their reputationB.many of their illegal business practices will be found out by the
29、publicC.lawyers will overcharge them for such casesD.their confidential business information will be divulged(4).It is implied in the last paragraph that_.（分数：1.00）A.Disney has profited much less than the general public expectedB.Disney has underpaid many of their employeesC.Eisner s animated movies
30、 didnt bring as much money as Katzenberg thinksD.Disney is undergoing a financial crisis(5).We can infer from this passage that _.（分数：1.00）A.Katzenberg will undoubtedly win the lawsuit and get ail the money he claimedB.Eisner will remain imperturbable all through the trialC.Katzenberg will suffer gr
31、eat embarrassmentD.Disney will face more lawsuits from their employees1.BTEXT B/BResearchers investigating brain size and mental ability say their work offers evidence that education protects the mind from the brain s physical deterioration.It is known that the brain shrinks as the body ages, but th
32、e effects on mental ability are different from person to person. Interestingly, in a study of elderly men and women, those who had more education actually had more brain shrinkage.“That may seem tike bad news,“ said study author Dr. Edward Coffey, a professor of psychiatry and of neurology at Henry
33、Ford Health System in Detroit. However, he explained, the Finding suggests that education allows people to withstand more brain-tissue loss before their mental functioning begins to break down.The study, published in the July issue of Neurology, is the first to provide biological evidence to support
34、 a concept called the “reserve“ hypothesis, according to the researchers. In recent years, investigators have developed the idea that people who are more educated have greater cognitive reserves to draw upon as the brain tissue to spare.Examining brain scans of 320 healthy men and women ages 66 to 9
35、0, researchers found that for each year of education the subjects had, there was greater shrinkage of the outer layer of the brain known as the cortex. Yet on tests of cognition and memory, all participants scored in the range indicating normal.“Everyone has some degree of brain shrinkage,“ Coffey s
36、aid. “People lose (on average) 2.5 percent decade starting at adulthood.There is, however, a “remarkable range“ of shrinkage among people who show no signs of mental decline, Coffey noted. Overall health, he said, accounts for some differences in brain size. Alcohol or drug use, as well as medical c
37、onditions such as diabetes and high blood pressure, contribute to brain-tissue loss throughout adulthood.In the absence of such medical conditions, Coffey said, education level helps explain the range of brain shrinkage exhibited among the mentally-fit elderly. The more-educated can withstand greate
38、r loss.Coffey and colleagues gauged shrinkage of the cortex by measuring the cerebrospinal fluid surrounding the brain. The greater the amount of fluid, the greater the cortical shrinkage. Controlling for the health factors that contribute to brain injury, the researchers found that education war re
39、lated to the severity of brain shrinkage. For each year of education from first grade on, subjects had an average of 1.77 milliliters more cerebrospinal fluid around the brain.For example, Coffey s team reported, among subjects of the same sex and similar age and skull size, those with 16 years of e
40、ducation had 8 percent to l0 percent more cerebrospinal fluid compared with those who had four years of schooling.Of course, achieving a particular education level is not the definitive measure of someone s mental capacity. And, said Coffey, education can be “a proxy for many things“. More-educated
41、people, he noted, are often less likely to have habits, such as smoking, that harm overall health. But Coffey said that his team s findings suggest that like the body, the brain benefits from exercise. “The question is whether by continuing to exercise the brain we can forestall the effects of (brai
42、n shrinkage),“ he said. “My hunch is that we can.“According to Coffey, people should strive throughout life to keep their brains alert by exposing themselves to new experiences. Travelling is one way to stimulate the brain, he said; a less adventuresome way is to do crossword puzzles.“A hot topic do
43、wn the road,“ Coffey said, “will be whether education even late in life has a protective effect against mental decline.“Just how education might affect brain cells is unknown. In their report, the researchers speculated that in people with more education, certain brain structures deeper than the cor
44、tex may stay intact to compensate for cortical shrinkage._BTEXT B/BResearchers investigating brain size and mental ability say their work offers evidence that education protects the mind from the brain s physical deterioration.It is known that the brain shrinks as the body ages, but the effects on m
45、ental ability are different from person to person. Interestingly, in a study of elderly men and women, those who had more education actually had more brain shrinkage.“That may seem tike bad news,“ said study author Dr. Edward Coffey, a professor of psychiatry and of neurology at Henry Ford Health Sy
46、stem in Detroit. However, he explained, the Finding suggests that education allows people to withstand more brain-tissue loss before their mental functioning begins to break down.The study, published in the July issue of Neurology, is the first to provide biological evidence to support a concept cal
47、led the “reserve“ hypothesis, according to the researchers. In recent years, investigators have developed the idea that people who are more educated have greater cognitive reserves to draw upon as the brain tissue to spare.Examining brain scans of 320 healthy men and women ages 66 to 90, researchers found that for each year of education the subjects had, there was greater shrinkage of the outer layer of the bra
