1、专业八级-72 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPART LISTENIN(总题数：1，分数：10.00)BThe History of American Indians/B When Europeans discovered the western hemisphere, they discovered a race of people that Columbus called Indians. There are some aspects about the American Indians: (1) _ origin and (1)_, 1) Where di
2、d the Indians come from? 2) How did they get to America? 3) When did they come? According to most scholars, the homeland of the Indians was Eastern Asia and they migrated to North America along (2)_ from Siberia to Alaska. (2)_ their number, distribution and condition today. 1) In all of New England
3、, where (3) _ began their settlement in 1620, (3)_ there were then probably fewer than 20,000 Indians. 2) The Indians were a (4)_people. (4)_ the consequences for them of European settlement in the New World, Consequences: 1) Guns revolutionized their hunting and (5) _. (5)_ 2) Whiskey corrupted the
4、m. Christianity changed (6) _ of some (6)_ Indians and brought (7) _ within tribes. (7)_ 3) The introduction of the horse by the Spanish changed the way of life of Indian(8)_. (8)_ the part they have played in the history of the United States, 1) The Indians made many (9) _ to prevent the advance of
5、 the frontier. (9) _ 2) During the American Revolution many Indians sided with the British and caused much trouble for Americans on (10) _ (10) _（分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_二、BSECTION B/B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)(1).Mr Fischer believes that _.（分数：1.00）A.thos
6、e gloomy forecasts is about to become trueB.EU enlargement and its Constitution must be carried out at the same timeC.ELI people will accept the Constitution calmlyD.Constitution must be ratified by 15 EU country(2).Fischer doesnt agree with the critics, because he believe the constitution brings be
7、nefit for EU except that _.（分数：1.00）A.the decisions can be taken more easilyB.ELI s relationship to the member states is clearly regulatedC.the voting procedures in the European Council have become more elaborateD.the role of the Commission President has been defined(3).According to Fischer, what is
8、 the most important thing about the EU Constitution?（分数：1.00）A.The Tax Articles in the Basic Law.B.The procedures are becoming clear.C.The threat of terrorism.D.The fundamental rights have been defined clearly.(4).Fischer pointed out that _.（分数：1.00）A.EU people are hostile to ConstitutionB.EU has du
9、al nature which would be preserved for a long timeC.the Greens just did the right thing in attracting citizenD.the ELI Parliament should elect the Commission President from its own ranks(5).Which statement is not true?（分数：1.00）A.In Fischer s opinion, Ell Constitution will resolve many problems remai
10、ned unresolved for ten years.B.EU Constitution will make the EU more effective.C.Core Europe can be used to describe the present EU.D.Fischer now is a Foreign Minister.三、BSECTION C/B(总题数：2，分数：5.00)(1).Haier Group bid for Maytag is _.（分数：1.00）A.$1.75 billionB.$18.5 billionC.$16.4 billionD.$1.3 billio
11、n(2).Which statement is not true?（分数：1.00）A.This is the biggest takeover battle for China.B.China s bid will probably trigger a costly biding competition over the company Unacal.C.The U.S is planning forbidding Chinese company s bids for U.S company.D.Unocal has agreed to be sold to another American
12、 oil company.I Questions 8 to 10 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following questions. Now listen to the news./I（分数：3.00）(1).What s the effect of the US slowdown?（分数：1.00）A.Cutting into demand for Nokia s handsets.B.Prom
13、ote other economies.C.Many firms break down.D.Many handsets don t sell.(2).So far, how many percent of sales growth this quarter?（分数：1.00）A.20%.B.10%.C.40%.D.80%.(3).Why has the rate of new phone purchases slowed in Europe?（分数：1.00）A.Because of the warning about sales.B.Because the customers are rel
14、uctant to trade up to new handsets.C.Because of cutting into demand for handsets.D.Because of the U.S slowdown.四、BPART READING (总题数：2，分数：9.00)BTEXT A/BPaula Jones case against Bill Clinton is now, for all possible political consequences and capacity for media sensation, a fairy routine lawsuit of it
15、s kind. It does, however, have enormous social significance. For those of us who care about sexual harassment, the matter of Jones v. Clinton is a great conundrum. Consider: if Jones, the former Arkansas state employee, proves her claims, then we must face the fact that we helped to elect someone -B
16、ill Clinton - who has betrayed us on this vital issue. But if she is proved to be lying, then we must accept that we pushed onto the public agenda an issue that is venerable to manipulation by alleged victims. The skeptics will use Jones case to east doubt on the whole cause.Still, Ms Jones deserves
17、 the chance to prove her case; she has a right to pursue this claim and have the process work. It will be difficult: these kinds of cases usually are, and Ms. Jones task of suing a sitting president is harder than most.She does have one thing sitting on her side: her case is in the courts. Sexual-ha
18、rassment claims are really about violations of the alleged victims civil rights, and there is no better forum for determining and assessing those violations - and finding the truth - than federal court. The judicial system can put aside political to decide these complicated issues. That is a feat th
19、at neither the Senate Judicial nor ethics committees have been able to accomplish-witness the Clarence Thomas and Bob Packwood affairs. One lesson: the legal arena, not the political one, is the place to settle these sensitive problems.Some have argued that the people (the “feminists“) who rallied a
20、round me have failed to support Jones. Our situations, however, are quite different. In 1991 the country was in the middle of a public debate over whether Clarence Thomas should be confirmed to the Supreme Court. Throughout that summer, interest groups on both sides weighed in on his nomination. It
21、was a public forum that invited a public conversation. But a pending civil action - even one against the president - does not generally invite that kind of public engagement.Most of the public seems content to let the process move forward. And given the conundrum created by the claim, it is no wonde
22、r that many (“feminists“ included) have been slow to jump into the Jones-Clinton fray. But people from all walks of life remain open to her suit. We don t yet know which outcome we must confront: the president who betrayed the issue or the woman who used it. Whichever it is, we should continue to pu
23、rsue sexual harassment with the same kind of energy and interest in eliminating the problem that we have in the past, regardless of who is the accused or the accuser. The statistics show that about 40 percent of women in the work force will encounter some form of harassment. We can t afford to aband
24、on this issue now.（分数：5.00）(1).What does the word “conundrum“ in the first paragraph mean?（分数：1.00）A.Dilemma.B.A kind of musical instrument.C.An easy thing.D.Comfortable condition.(2).According to the passage, the Paula Jones case was _.（分数：1.00）A.nothing importantB.very significantC.doubtfulD.vulne
25、rable(3).The federal courts are much better than the Senate Judicial or ethics committees in determining and assessing those violations because _.（分数：1.00）A.the federal courts have much bigger powerB.the federal courts are forum for determining and assessing those violationsC.the federal courts are
26、more impartialD.the federal courts are political arena(4).According to the passage, the issue of sexual harassment must be dealt with seriously because _.（分数：1.00）A.the outcome is not knownB.most of the public is not contentC.many have been slow to jump into the Jones-Clinton frayD.as many as 40% of
27、 women in the work force will encounter it(5).According to the passage, sexual harassment is to _.（分数：1.00）A.violate politicsB.violate the Supreme CourtC.cast doubt on the whole issueD.violate civil rightsBTEXT B/BIn his essay “The Parable of the Tapeworm,“ Marlo Vargas Llosa argues that at the hear
28、t of the writer s will to write is rebellion, a “rejection and criticism of life as it is.“ Moreover, he speculates, it is even possible that good literature may inspire actual acts of rebellion when the reader compares the better world of the book to the relative junk heap of real life. Whether or
29、not this is universally true, it s an attractive idea, and, in its way, a comforting one. Language is a lever that might move the enormous weight of the fickle, war-tom world we live in. It s free, universal and highly portable: better than plastic bomb and difficult to govern.Vargas Llosa s idea is
30、 also, of course, a writerly sort of realpolitik, a wish that a good novel -or story or poem - can literally remake history. When Luis Alberto Urrea began his epic novel, “The Hummingbird s Daughter,“ 20 years ago, the United States was in the first phase of a conservative backlash, the culture wars
31、 were gathering steam, and the left felt itself to be under a dark cloud. Two decades later, the situation seems even graver: the culture wars are more intense and the left feels under not a cloud but an anvil.With the election of a new, deeply conservative pope, Urrea s timing couldnt be better: hi
32、s main character, Teresita, is a saint as envisioned not in the marble reaches of the Vatican but in the populist pueblos of liberation theology, a Mexican saint of dust and blood, with lice in her hair and dirt under her fingernails. Poor, illegitimate, illiterate and despised, Teresita is the embo
33、diment of the dictum that the last shall be first, and her ascension over the course of 500 pages is a myth that is also a charmingly written manifesto.Urrea, who was born in Tijuana to an American mother and a Mexican father, is the author of 10 previous books of nonfiction, fiction and poetry; the
34、 best known of these are probably “The Devil s Highway“ and “Across the Wire,“ nonfiction accounts of hardscrabble lives on the Mexican-United States border. For “The Hummingbird s Daughter,“ he reached back into his own family history, or what he calls “a family folk tale.“ Teresa Urrea, known in t
35、he novel as Teresita, was a distant relative and, as Urrea discovered, the subject of some earlier scholarship, an “influential“ series of newspaper articles in the 1930 s and at least one other novel. Urrea s book re-imagines her story on a grand scale, as a mix of leftist hagiography, mystical bil
36、dungsroman and melancholic national anthem.The half-Indian child of a wealthy Mexican landowner, Teresita, born in 1873 with a red triangle on her forehead, is also possessed of a supernatural gift for healing that becomes much stronger as she grows up, and stronger still after suffering a terrible
37、assault that kills her. She rises from the dead and begins to perform miracles. The sick, the halt and the dying gather around her, and so do Mexican revolutionaries. “Everything the government does,“ Teresita preaches to them, “is morally wrong.“ This democratic groundswell inevitably results in a
38、showdown with the Mexican authorities.Teresita s endurance- and survival - are literally and spiritually linked to the struggles of Mexico itself, a struggle that Urrea sees firmly from the bottom up. “God is a worker, like us,“ Hnila, an aged curandera, insttucts the young Teresita. “He made the wo
39、rld w he didnt hire poor Indies to build it for him! God has worker s hands. Just remember - angels carry no harps. Angels carry hammers.“（分数：4.00）(1).In the first paragraph, literature is compared to plastique because.（分数：1.00）A.both of them are portableB.both of them are difficult to governC.both
40、of them can be used in rebellionD.both are them are highly influential(2).Concerning the main character of the novel, which of the following is NOT true?（分数：1.00）A.She is a relative of the writer.B.She is an embodiment of self-made hero.C.She had been studied or written about before this novel.D.She
41、 is a saint coming from the grass roots.(3).What does the writer mean by saying “angels carry no harps. Angels carry hammers“? Which of following is NOT true?（分数：1.00）A.This draws God closer to the workers and encourages them.B.This is to inspire the young Teresita that she should believe in the wor
42、kers and depend on them.C.This is a challenge to the orthodoxy ideas that true religion belongs to the upper class.D.This is saying that God is hardworking and does not indulge in playing.(4).Which conclusion drawn from the passage is NOT true?（分数：1.00）A.The novel is about workers and for the worker
43、s.B.The book is religious and uses religion to inspire readers.C.The book is an inspiring and happy ode to personal struggle.D.The book is focused on the lives and struggles of the Mexicans.五、BTEXT C/B(总题数：3，分数：11.00)Utopias are supposed to be dreams of the future. But the American Utopia? Lately it
44、 s a dream that was, a twilit memory of the Golden Age between V-J day and OPEC, when even a blue-collar paycheck bought a place in the middle class. The promise of paradise regained has become a key to the Democratic Party pitch. Mickey Kaus, a senior editor of the New Republic, says the Democrats
45、are wasting their time. As the U. S. enters a world where only the highly skilled and well educated will make a decent living, the gap between rich and poor is going to keep growing. No fiddling with the tax code, retreat to protectionism or job training for jobs that arent there is going to stop it
46、. Income equality is a hopeless cause in the U. S. “Liberalism would be less depressing if it had a more attainable end.“ Kaus writes,“ a goal short of money equality.“ Liberal Democrats should embrace an aim he calls civic equality. If government can t bring everyone into the middle class, let it e
47、xpand the areas of life in which everyone, regardless of income, receives the same treatment. National health care, improved public schools, universal national service and government financing of nearly all election campaigns, which would freeze out special-interest money -there are the unobjectiona
48、ble components of his enlarged public sphere. Kaus is right to fear the hardening of class lines, but wrong to think the stresses can be relieved without a continuing effort to boost income for the bottom half. “No, we can t tell them they ll be rich,“ he admits.“ Or even comfortably well off. But we can offer them at least a material minimum and a good shot at climbing up the ladder. And we can offer them respect.“ And what might they offer back? The Bronx had a
