1、专业八级-32 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPART LISTENIN(总题数：1，分数：10.00)BTennis/B During the first 50 years of its history, tennis was largely a pastime of (1) _people. Its widespread popularity began 1. _ with the growth of (2) _This happened immediately 2. _ after the major national championships becam
2、e (3) _ 3. _ events. They began to accept professionals as well as amateurs. Soon industrial firms began to (4) _tournaments and 4. _ offer large cash prizes. The turning point came in 1968, when the British, with the final permission of the International Lawn Tennis Federation, transformed their Wi
3、mbledon championships to an open event. In the same year, they went a step further by erasing the (5) _between amateurs and professionals. 5. _ Women players demand for (6) _prize money gained its 6. _ first success in the United States Open in (7) _. With 7. _ the introduction of (8) _rackets, equi
4、pment for playing 8. _ tennis needs not to be(9) _. Other reasons for tennis 9. _ rising popularity include greater media coverage and people% increasing interest in physical (10) _ 10. _（分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_二、BSECTION B/B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)(1).
5、What sort of children attend Mrs. Leeches school?（分数：1.00）A.Naughty and violent.B.Slow and retarded.C.Wicked but clever.D.Deserted but aggressive.(2).From the organized fights, Mrs. Leech expects the children _.（分数：1.00）A.to learn to keep the rulesB.to learn what it is like to loseC.to learn how to
6、win or lose gracefullyD.to learn how to win out of defeat(3).According to Mrs. Leech, an aggressive child usually does NOT _.（分数：1.00）A.come from a large familyB.want to be shouted atC.get enough attentionD.like to sum other others up(4).What does Mrs. Leech say about the classes in her school?（分数：1
7、.00）A.There are five or six groups in each class.B.There are 30 to 40 children in each class.C.There are five or six children in each class.D.There are 13 to 14 children in each class.(5).Schools like hers are important to society because _.（分数：1.00）A.each of the children gets individual attention h
8、ere every dayB.a lot of children can. have a chance to make good hereC.all the juvenile delinquents get punished hereD.children at the age of 16 can join the unit三、BSECTION C/B(总题数：3，分数：5.00)(1).Which of the following is NOT TRUE about Indias new Prime Minister Manmohan Singh?（分数：1.00）A.He is a memb
9、er of the Congress Party.B.He was born in a foreign country.C.He is known as the architect of Indias economic reform.D.He is from a minority group.(2).The Congress Party brought enormous pressure on Sonia Gandhi in order to _.（分数：1.00）A.force her to resign as party leaderB.persuade her to take the p
10、ost as Prime MinisterC.force her to transfer the power to Manmohan SinghD.ask her to give in to protestorsI Questions 8 and 9 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer each question. Now listen to the news. /I（分数：2.00）(1).According to a U.S.
11、 defense official, General Sanchez _.（分数：1.00）A.may be removed from his present post in IraqB.may be appointed as the top U.S. commander in IraqC.is responsible for the prisoner abuse in IraqD.is in disagreement with the Pentagon(2).According to a Washington Post report, General Sanchez might have _
12、 the abuse of prisoners.（分数：1.00）A.seenB.orderedC.deniedD.forbidden1.I Questions 10 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question. Now listen to the news. /IAccording to U.S. officials,（分数：1.00）A.the U.S. has detected an Iranian spy
13、service networkB.the U.S. has broken the codes used in Iranian spy communicationsC.the U.S. would improve its ability to gather intelligence on IranD.an Iraqi politician has revealed important intelligence to Iran四、BPART READING (总题数：5，分数：17.00)BTEXT A/BIt has been known for many decades that the ap
14、pearance of sunspots is roughly periodic, with an average cycle of eleven years. Moreover, the incidence of solar flares and the flux of solar cosmic rays, ultraviolet radiation, and X-radiation all vary directly with the sunspot cycle. But after more than a century of investigation, the relation of
15、 these and other phenomena, known collectively as the solar-activity cycle, to terrestrial weather and climate remains unclear. For example, the sunspot cycle and the allied magnetic-polarity cycle have been linked to periodicities discerned in records of such variables as rainfall, temperature, and
16、 winds. Invariably, however, the relation is weak, and commonly of dubious statistical significance.Effects of solar variability over longer terms have also been sought. The absence of recorded sunspot activity in the notes kept by European observers in the late seventeenth and early eighteenth cent
17、uries has led some scholars to postulate a brief cessation of sunspot activity at that time (a period called the Maunder minimum). The Maunder minimum has been linked to a span of unusual cold in Europe extending from the sixteenth to the early nineteenth centuries. The reality of the Maunder minimu
18、m has yet to be established, however, especially since the records that Chinese naked-eye observers of solar activity made at that time appear to contradict it. Scientists have also sought evidence of long-term solar periodicities by examining indirect climatological data, such as fossil records of
19、the thickness of ancient tree rings. These studies, however, failed to link unequivocally terrestrial climate and the solar-activity cycle, or even to confirm the cycles past existence.If consistent and reliable geological or archaeological evidence tracing the solar-activity cycle in the distant pa
20、st could be found, it might also resolve an important issue in solar physics: how to model solar activity. Currently, there are two models of solar activity. The first supposes that the Suns internal motions (caused by rotation and convection) interact with its large-scale magnetic field to produce
21、a dynamo, a device in which mechanical energy is converted into the, energy of a magnetic field. In short, the Suns large-scale magnetic field is taken to be self-sustaining, so that the solar-activity cycle it drives would be maintained with little overall change for perhaps billions of years. The
22、alternative explanation supposes that the Suns large-scale magnetic field is a remnant of the field the Sun acquired when it formed, and is not sustained against decay. In this model, the solar mechanism dependent on the Suns magnetic field runs down more quickly. Thus, the characteristics of the so
23、lar-activity cycle could be expected to change over a long period of time. Modern solar observations span too short a time to reveal whether present cyclical solar activity is a long-lived feature of the Sun, or merely a transient phenomenon.（分数：3.00）(1).The author focuses primarily on _.（分数：1.00）A.
24、two competing scientific models concerning the suns magnetic fieldB.an overview of some recent scientific developments in solar physicsC.the reasons why a problem in solar physics has not yet been solvedD.the difficulties involved in linking terrestrial climate with solar activity(2).According to th
25、e passage, for which of the following reasons are the late seventeenth-and early eighteenth-century Chinese records important?（分数：1.00）A.They disprove the reality of the Maunder minimum.B.They suggest that the Maunder minimum cannot be related to climate.C.They verify the existence of a span of unus
26、ual cold during the Maunder minimum.D.They show that the European observations are of dubious statistical significance.(3).On which of the following assumptions is based the belief that tree-ring thickness shows links between solar periodicity and terrestrial climate?（分数：1.00）A.Solar-activity cycle
27、existed in its present form during the period in question.B.Average tree-ring thickness varies from species to species.C.Tree-ring thickness varies with changes in terrestrial climate.D.Both terrestrial climate and solar-activity cycle affect tree-ring thickness.BTEXT B/BComputers, and especially co
28、nnecting to the Internet, provide unique opportunities to enhance science and math education.Take, for example, the project called Chickscope, a program that would only be possible with the Internet. Which came first, the chicken or the egg? In schools across the country, many teachers use the egg a
29、s a springboard to a demonstration of how life begins and develops, setting up an incubator to hatch chicks in the classroom. Fascinated kids watch as a chick pecks its way through the shell and finally struggles out.But what if the kids could see inside the egg and observe the changes in the chick
30、embryo during its three weeks of growth, gathering egg-related data along the way? Chickscope, an interdisciplinary program based at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, permits just that. Kids see inside the egg courtesy of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technology. Without leaving the
31、ir classrooms, East Central Illinois high school students and teachers can access and operate an MRI system via the World Wide Web, and watch as the chick embryo matures.“They actually run the MRI system, collect data, and run experiments,“ says Clint Potter, Chickseope project leader and a research
32、er at the universitys Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology. A key side benefit: Students not only learn about the subject at hand, they feel as though they are part of “a community of learners,“ as one teacher put it.This community concept is key to many of the prevailing theories a
33、bout how best to learn science. Kids tend to learn faster and more deeply when the learning experience is shared. And thats what makes the Internet, with its built-in ability to promote interaction, so powerful. Students can use the Net as a tool to construct solutions to problems, learning from one
34、 another in the process by doing, not by rote instruction.And community learning can benefit the community. In an environmental science class at Covington High School in Covington, Louisiana, for example, students used the Internet to focus on cleaning up a local polluted stream by researching water
35、-quality improvement techniques. With the help of a computer, they put together multimedia presentations for local and state political leaders. The Army Corps of Engineers awarded the city a grant to proceed with cleanup in large part because of the students work, which the Corps said was the equiva
36、lent of 50,000 of research and preparation time.Because the Internet is not limited in time and space, it can transport kids to realms that are intrinsically more exciting than their own classrooms. Thousands of elementary school students connected by the Internet are joining biologist David Anderso
37、n in collecting satellite data that tracks the marathon flights of two species of albatross that nest on Tern Island in Hawaii.The Albatross Project, which is sponsored by the National Science Foundation, seeks to learn how the availability of food affects the large seabirds extremely Mow reproducti
38、on. But it has another purpose: sparking childrens interest in science by involving them in actual research. The project seemed the perfect opportunity to engage school-age kids in science, says Anderson.（分数：4.00）(1).According to the passage, which of the following should be encouraged to enhance le
39、arning of math and science? 1. Problem solving. 2. Actual research. 3. Repetitive in-class drills. 4. Group work. 5. Rote learning.（分数：1.00）A.l and3.B.1, 2 and 4.C.4 and 5.D.2, 3 and 5.(2).The Chickscope Project enabled students to do all of the following EXCEPT _.（分数：1.00）A.to set up an incubator t
40、o hatch chicksB.to actually operate an MRI systemC.to get involved in actual researchD.to watch the changes in the chick embryo(3).The students in Louisiana _.（分数：1.00）A.worked together to find solutions to a problem over the InternetB.cleaned up a polluted stream across their home townC.received a
41、grant of $ 50,000 for their projectD.lobbied the local and state political leaders(4).Judging by the passage, biologist David Anderson _.（分数：1.00）A.seemed to be interested in marathonB.made use of a satellite in his researchC.was probably a specialist in remote educationD.put together multimedia pre
42、sentations for NSFBTEXT C/BNorthern marshes are being turned into empty, desecrated mud flat wasteland. The culprit? Snow geese.These marshes are the breeding ground for snow geese. Once destroyed, some fear the species will take over the habitat of the Canada goosea popular game bird in Minnesota.
43、If this happens, Minnesota hunting and land conditions could be greatly affected.The snow goose population has been on the rise in the last 25 years, but numbers are hitting an all-time high. This year there is an estimated 4.5 or 6 million birds, triple what the population was 25 years ago.Although
44、 effects of the snow goose invasion arent apparent in Minneapolis, northern Minnesota and Canada can clearly see the signs. The population growth is due to the birds wintering habits. They fly south to Louisiana, Texas and Mississippi to nest. The conditions and food availability there have made it
45、possible for more birds to survive the winter and make the trip back north. The period over which theyve increased in number correlates to a change in agriculture practices in the region.After World War II, there was an increase in man-made fertilizers, yielding an increase of corn, rice, wheat and
46、other crops. There have also been other changes in agricultural practices causing an increase of production in cereal crops.The geese find the agricultural areas better than the natural areas. The geese have escaped from any natural limits. They are not doing this on their own; it is in response to
47、human practices.Usually, about 70 to 75 percent of the birds make it back to Canada in late winter and early spring. But the surviving number of snow geese has steadily climbed each year to reach 95 percent in the last couple of years. Because so many survive, they strip the capacity of the breeding
48、 ground.The snow geese are destroying salt marshes where they nest in the summer, about 30 percent of the salt marshes are completely destroyed, leaving them as inhabitable mud flats. Another 35 percent of salt marshes are significantly damaged.There are three possible solutions: Let the problem take care of itself and wait for the population to crash, deal directly with the population by changing hunting limits and regulations or address the cause of the problem in the south.（
