1、专业八级-29 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPART LISTENIN(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Conversational Skills People who usually make us feel comfortable in conversations are good talkers. And they have some- thing in common, i. e. skills to put people at ease. 1. Skill to ask questions 1) be aware of the human nature:
2、readiness to be able to spot signals for further talk answer others questions regardless of (1)_. (1)_ 2) start a conversation with some personal but unharmful questions e. g .questions about ones(2)_ job (2)_ questions about ones activities in the (3)_. (3)_ 2. Skill to (4)_for answers 1 ) dont shi
3、ft from subject to subject (4)_ sticking to the same subject: signs of (5)_in conversation (5)_ 2) listen to (6)_of voice (6)_ If people sound unenthusiastic, then change subject. 3) use eyes and ears steady your gaze while listening 3. Skill to laugh Effects of laughter: ease peoples (7)_ (7)_ help
4、 start (8) _ (8)_ 4. Skill to part 1) importance: open up possibilities for future friendship or contact 2) ways: men: a smile, a (9)_ (9)_ women: same as (10)_ (10)_ how to express pleasure in meeting someone（分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_二、BSECTION
5、B/B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)(1).According to Janet, the factor that would most affect negotiations is_.（分数：1.00）A.English language proficiencyB.different cultural practicesC.different negotiation tasksD.the international Americanized style(2).Janets attitude towards the Americanized style as a model for busin
6、ess negotiations is_.（分数：1.00）A.supportiveB.negativeC.ambiguousD.cautious(3).Which of the following can NOT be seen as a difference between Brazilian and American negotiators7（分数：1.00）A.Americans prepare more points before negotiations.B.Americans are more straightforward during negotiations.C.Brazi
7、lians prefer more eye contact during negotiations.D.Brazilians seek more background information.(4).Which group of people seems to be the most straightforward7（分数：1.00）A.The British.B.Germans.C.Americans.D.Not mentioned.(5).Which of the following is NOT characteristic of Japanese negotiators?（分数：1.0
8、0）A.Reserved.B.Prejudiced.C.Polite.D.Prudent.三、BSECTION C/B(总题数：3，分数：5.00)I Questions 9 and 10 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions. Now listen to the news./I（分数：2.00）(1).The nomination of John Bolton has been held up _（分数
9、：1.00）A.because John Bolton took the recess appointment as a humiliation to himB.because the Senate was not in session in the past several monthsC.because President Bush did not like to make the recess appoint-merit of John BoltonD.because White House refused to provide information that the Senate r
10、equired about Bolton(2).The confirmation of John Bolton as U.S. ambassador to the United Nations requires _ in the Senate.（分数：1.00）A.a simple majority voteB.an overwhelming majority voteC.at least 60 votesD.100 votes1._ Sunnis were appointed as advisers to the constitutional committee.（分数：1.00）A.2B.
11、10C.11D.12I Questions 7 and 8 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions. Now listen to the news./I（分数：2.00）(1).Jewish settler Avi Farhan can continue to stay in the occupied Gaza Strip _.（分数：1.00）A.if he can become a Palestinia
12、n citizenB.if Israeli troops stop their withdrawalC.if Libya and Egypt are willing to helpD.if Palestine and Israel can make peace(2).Israeli Prime Minister Ariel Sharon plans to give up _ Jewish settlements in the Gaza Strip and the West Bank.（分数：1.00）A.4B.21C.25D.12o四、BPART READING (总题数：5，分数：20.00
13、)BTEXT A/BIt is often claimed that nuclear energy is something we cannot do without. We live in a consumer society where there is an enormous demand for commercial products of ail kinds. Moreover, an increase in industrial production is considered to be one solution to the problem of mass unemployme
14、nt. Such an increase presumes an abundant and cheap energy supply. Many people believe that nuclear energy provides an inexhaustible and economical source of power and that it is therefore essential for an industrially developing society. There are a number of other advantages in the use of nuclear
15、energy. Firstly, nuclear power, except for accidents, is clean. A further advantage is that a nuclear power station can be run and maintained by relatively few technical and administrative staff. The nuclear reactor represents an enormous step in our scientific evolution and, whatever the anti-nucle
16、ar group says, it is wrong to expect a return to more primitive sources of fuel. However, opponents of nuclear energy point out that nuclear power stations bring a direct threat not only to the environment but also to civil liberties. Furthermore, it is question able whether ultimately nuclear power
17、 is a cheap source of energy. There have, for example, been very costly accidents in America, in Britain and, of course, in Russia. The possibility of increases in the cost of uranium in addition to the cost of greater safety provisions could price nuclear power out of the market. In the long run, e
18、nvironmentalists argue, nuclear energy wastes valuable resources and disturbs the ecology to an ex tent which could bring about the destruction of the human race. Thus if we wish to survive, we cannot afford nuclear energy. In spite of the case against nuclear energy outlined above, nuclear energy p
19、rograms are expanding. Such an expansion assumes a continual growth in industrial production and consumer demands. However, it is doubtful whether this growth will or can continue. Having weighed up the arguments on both sides, it seems there are good economic and ecological reasons for sources of e
20、nergy other than nuclear power.（分数：4.00）(1).The writers attitude toward nuclear energy is _.（分数：1.00）A.indifferentB.tolerantC.favorableD.negative(2).Some people claim that nuclear energy is essential because_.（分数：1.00）A.it provides a perfect solution to mass unemploymentB.it represents an enormous s
21、tep forward in our scientific evolutionC.it can meet the growing demand of an industrially developing societyD.nuclear power stations can be run and maintained by relatively few technical and administrative staff(3).Which of the following statements does the writer support?（分数：1.00）A.The demand for
22、commercial products will not necessarily keep increasing.B.Nuclear energy is something we cannot do without.C.Uranium is good source of energy for economic and ecological reasons.D.Greater safety provisions can bring about the expansion of nu clear energy programs.(4).The function of the last senten
23、ce is to _. A advance the final argument BI reflect the writers attitude C reverse previously expressed thoughts D show the disadvantages of nuclear power（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.BTEXT B/BTile question of whether war is inevitable is one which has concerned many of the worlds great writers. Before consideri
24、ng this question, it will be useful to introduce some related concepts. Conflict, de fined as opposition among social entities directed against one another, is distinguished from competition, defined as opposition among social entities independently striving for something which is in inadequate supp
25、ly. Competitors may not be aware of one another, while the parties to a conflict are. Conflict and competition are both categories of opposition, which has been defined as a process by which social entities function in the disservice of one another. Opposition is thus contrasted with cooperation, th
26、e process by which social entities function in the service of one another. These definitions are necessary because it is important to emphasize that competition between individuals or groups is inevitable in a world of limited resources, but conflict is not. Conflict, nevertheless, is very likely to
27、 occur, and is probably an essential and desirable element of human societies.Many authors have argued for the inevitability of war from the premise that in the struggle for existence among animal species, only the fittest survive. In general, however, this struggle in nature is competition, not con
28、flict. Social animals, such as monkeys and cattle, fight to win or maintain leadership of the group. The struggle for existence occurs not in such fights, but in the competition for limited feeding areas and for the occupancy of areas free from meat-eating animals. Those who fail in this competition
29、 starve to death or become victims to other species. This struggle for existence does not resemble human war, but rather the com petition of individuals for jobs, markets, and materials. The essence of the struggle is the competition for the necessities of life that are insufficient to satisfy all.A
30、mong nations there is competition in developing resources, trades, skills, and satisfactory way of life. The successful nations grow and pros per; the unsuccessful decline. While it is true that this competition may induce efforts to expand territory at the expense of others, and thus lead to confli
31、ct, it cannot be said that war-like conflict among nations is inevitable, although competition is.（分数：4.00）(1).In the first paragraph, the author gives the definitions of some terms in order to_.（分数：1.00）A.argue for the similarities between animal societies and human societiesB.smooth out the confli
32、cts in human societiesC.distinguish between two kinds of oppositionD.summarize the characteristic features of opposition and cooperation(2).According to the author, competition differs from conflict in that_.（分数：1.00）A.it results in war in most casesB.it induces efforts to expand territoryC.it is a
33、kind of opposition among social entitiesD.it is essentially a struggle for existence(3).The author indicates in the passage that conflict _（分数：1.00）A.is an inevitable struggle resulting from competitionB.reflects the struggle among social animalsC.is an opposition among individual social entitiesD.c
34、an be avoided(4).The passage is probably intended to answer the question（分数：1.00）A.Is war inevitable?B.Why is there conflict and competition?C.Is conflict desirable?D.Can competition lead to conflict?BTEXT C/BThe case for college has been accepted without question for more than a generation. All hig
35、h school graduates ought to go says conventional wisdom and statistical evidence, because, college will help them earn more money, become “better“ people, and learn to be more responsible citizens than those who dont go.But college has never been able to work its magic for everyone. And now that clo
36、se to half our high school graduates are attending, those who dont fit the pattern are becoming more numerous, and more obvious. College graduates are selling shoes and driving taxis; college students interfere with each others experiments and write false letters of recommendation in the intense com
37、petition for admission to graduate school. Others find no stimulation in their studies, and drop outoften encouraged by college administrators.Some observers say the fault is with the young people themselves they are spoiled and they are expecting too much. But thats acondemnation of the students as
38、 a whole, and doesnt explain all campus unhappiness. Other, blame the state of the world, and they are partly right. Weve been told that young people have to go to college because our economy cant absorb an army of untrained eighteen-year-olds. But disappointed graduates are learning that it can no
39、longer absorb an army of trained twenty-two-year-olds, either.Some adventuresome educators and campus watchers have openly begun to suggest that college may not be the best, the proper, the only place for every young person after the completion of high school. We may have been looking at all those s
40、urveys and statistics upside down, it seems, and through the rosy glow of our own remembered college experiences. Perhaps college doesnt make people intelligent, ambitious, hap py, liberal, or quick to learn thingsmaybe its just the other way around, and intelligent, ambitious, happy, liberal, quick
41、-learning people are merely the ones who have been attracted to college in the first place. And perhaps all those successful college graduates would have been successful whether they had gone to college or not. This is heresy to those of us who have been brought up to believe that if a little school
42、ing is good, more has to be much better. But contrary evidence is beginning to mount up.（分数：4.00）(1).According to the author_.（分数：1.00）A.people used to question the value of college educationB.people used to have full confidence in higher educationC.all high school graduates went to collegeD.very fe
43、w high school graduates chose to go to college(2).The drop-out rate of college students seems to go up because_.（分数：1.00）A.young people are disappointed with the conventional way of teaching at collegeB.many young people are required to join the armyC.young people have little motivation in pursuing
44、a higher educationD.young people dont like the intense competition for admission to graduate school(3).According to the passage the problems of college education partly arise from the fact that_.（分数：1.00）A.society cannot provide enough jobs for properly trained college graduatesB.high school graduat
45、es do not fit the pattern of college educationC.too many students have to earn their own livingD.college administrators encourage students to drop out(4).In this passage the author argues that_.（分数：1.00）A.more and more evidence shows college education may not be the best thing for high school gradua
46、tesB.college education is not enough if one wants to be successfulC.college education benefits only the intelligent, ambitious, and quick-learning peopleD.intelligent people may learn quicker if they dont go to collegeBTEXT D/BTo say that the child learns by imitation and that the way to teach is to
47、 set a good example oversimplified. No child imitates every action he sees. Sometimes, the example the parent wants him to follow is ignored while he takes over contrary patterns from some other example. Therefore we must turn to a mom subtle theory than “Monkey see, monkey do“.Look at it from the c
48、hilds point of view. Here he is in a new situation, lacking a ready response. He is seeking a response which will gain certain ends. If he lacks a ready response for the situation, and cannot reason out what to do, he observes a model who seems able to get the right result. The child looks for an authority or expert who can show what to do.There is a second element at work in this situation. The child may be able to attain his
