1、专业八级-28 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPART LISTENIN(总题数：1，分数：10.00)BHow to Read Effectively/B Many students tend to read books without any purpose. They often read a book slowly and in great detail with the result that they frequently have no (1)_ (1)_ view of what they are reading. B. To read effec
2、tively, students are suggested to do the following:/B 1) To decide precisely on the (2) _ for reading a book. (2)_ 2) To decide what they are going to read: a. The (3) _ page should be read first. (3)_ b. The chapter headings are useful in indicating what should be read. c. The Index can help to (4)
3、 _ the pages related to some information. (4)_ 3) To read the opening and final paragraphs so that they could know what a book is mainly about. 4) To ask themselves what is the main part of their reading and then try to answer the question by making notes, which can help them to concentrate on the r
4、eading and provide a(n) (5) _ which can be re-read later. (5)_ 5) To increase reading speed without loss of (6) _. (6)_ B. Three main kinds of silent reading speed:/B 1) the slowest: study speed for a higher level of understanding; 2) the average speed for easier textbooks, novels, etc.; 3) the fast
5、est: (7) _ used to get a general idea of a book or an article. (7)_ B. The results of a survey of students reading speed conducted by Edward Fry:/B A good reader achieves (8) _ comprehension when he skims at over 800 words (8)_ a minute, 70% comprehension at 250-500 words a minute, and 80%-90% compr
6、ehension at 200300 words a minute. The average speed of a poor reader is (9) _ words a minute with a (9)_ comprehension (10) _ of 70%. (10)_（分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_二、BSECTION B/B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview with a c
7、hief-editor. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following questions. Now listen to the interview.（分数：5.00）(1).Pauline failed to catch the flight because_.（分数：1.00）A.her ticket was not confirmedB.she booked her ticket at the wrong placeC.she didnt have the
8、right documentsD.her visa had run out(2).Which of the following did NOT occur?（分数：1.00）A.Pauline visited one of Londons parks.B.Pauline went to the airport by taxi.C.Pauline contacted the airline by telephone.D.Pauline stayed the night in London.(3).In Ibiza, Pauline took a taxi because_.（分数：1.00）A.
9、she had too much luggageB.nobody came to pick her upC.the plane was delayedD.her friends home was far away(4).Pauline learned her friends address in_.（分数：1.00）A.NewcastleB.GatwickC.LondonD.Luton(5).From the conversation we get the impression that_.（分数：1.00）A.some official agencies in London are effi
10、cientB.taxi drivers abroad always overcharge strangersC.customs formalities in Britain are flexibleD.travel agents tend to misinform people三、BSECTION C/B(总题数：2，分数：5.00)IQuestions 6 the Wechsler, taken by several million people a year, according to its publisher; and Terman s own National Intelligenc
11、e Test, originally used in tracking elementary school children. All these tests took from the Army the basic technique of measuring intelligence mainly by asking vocabulary questions (synonyms, antonyms, analogies, reading comprehension).（分数：4.00）(1).According to Termons theory, a twelve-year-old bo
12、ys mental age is 10, then his IQ number is about_.（分数：1.00）A.0.8B.0.9C.1.0D.1.2(2).IQ test is origin ally used to _.（分数：1.00）A.find out the students who need extra help in learningB.assign young people to different majorsC.select the acceptable recruits for armyD.select the leaders for society(3).Th
13、e viewpoint that intelligence was mostly inherited and people deficient in intelligence should be discouraged from reproducing was held by _.（分数：1.00）A.IQ-testing movementB.Eugenic movementC.HitlerD.both IQ-testing and Eugenic movements(4).What does the author probably mean by “scored a great coup“
14、(Para. 5)?（分数：1.00）A.Failed.B.Succeeded.C.Criticized.D.Advocated.BTEXT B/BSo far, inflation is roaring in only a few sectors of the economy. While platinum has soared 121 percent, soybeans have risen 115 percent, and an index of Real Estate Investment Trusts has climbed 42 percent since May 2001, th
15、e consumer price index (CPI) has gone up only 4.2 percent during the same period. The challenge is figuring out what happens next.Astute investors are asking two questions: 1) Will the dollar continue to decline? 2) Which assets will continue to inflate?The value of the dollar matters because much o
16、f what Americans buy comes from abroad. And in the past two years, the dollar has been slipping badly: down some 25 percent against a basket of foreign currencies, including the euro and the yen. That makes imported goods more expensive. If the dollar falls further, the rise in prices could boost in
17、flation.And thats exactly what some analysts predict. “This is not a run-of-the-mill problem where the currency corrects 25 percent“ then stabilizes, says David Tice, Dallas-based manager of the Prudent Global Income Fund. “We have an economy thats very dependent upon ever-increasing amounts of debt
18、. Look at borrowing in this country for automobiles and housing. At the federal level, we are creating credit as if it is going out of style. Given that, we think the dollar can decline substantially more from here.“Thats why Mr. Tices income fund has invested in government bonds in countries that a
19、re major trading partners of the US. These bonds tend to increase in value as the dollar weakens.There are other ways for investors to protect themselves from inflation. For example: TIPS (Treasury Inflation-Protected Securities) are US government bonds that increase both principal and interest paym
20、ents in line with the CPI/U, which measures prices for urban dwellers. Thus, if the price of consumer goods goes up, TIPS owners get a boost in their rate of return. Thats a level of inflation protection that most bonds and money-market funds dont provide.Still, there are no guarantees. If real inte
21、rest rates rise faster than inflation, TIPS can lose value if they re not held to maturity. “TIPS have generally been less volatile than traditional bonds,“ but investors have already seen periods when their inflation-protection doesnt match the actual rise in prices, warns Duane Cabrera, head of th
22、e personal financial planning group at Vanguard, based in Valley Forge, Pa. For example, the year-over-year change in the CPI/U is running about 1.9 percent, he points out, but college costs have been rising about 5 percent annually.Investors should also discuss the tax consequences with their inves
23、tment advisers, Mr. Cabrera notes.On the stock front, investors can also turn to natural-resource stocks or mutual funds that invest in them. A slightly more exotic option: exchange-traded funds, which act like mutual funds but trade like stocks.Commodities offer another avenue for profit during inf
24、lationary times. Individual investors probably want to avoid commodity trading, often a wild and woolly experience. But certain mutual funds offer share- holders a chance to profit when commodity prices go up. The PIMCO Commodity Real Return Fund, for example, provides exposure to the performance of
25、 the Dow-Jones AIG Commodity Index while generating income from TIPS. Another option: the Oppenheimer Real Asset Fund, which is actively managed and tracks the Goldman Sachs Commodity Index.Theres no clear winner between these stock funds and the commodities their companies have invested in. When co
26、mmodity prices are hiring, natural-resource firms can protect themselves by hedging their risks, says Kevin Baum, portfolio manager of the Oppenheimer Real Asset Fund. On the other hand, hedging may keep them from benefiting when commodity prices rise. And the stocks can be more volatile than the co
27、mmodities themselves. Gold funds typically are three times more volatile than the price of gold itself.Sometimes, the commodities and funds tied to those commodities move in opposite directions, Mr. Baum says.PIMCO s Mr. Harris is quick to note that many commodity prices have been soaring. So the ke
28、y question is: Which ones will continue to rise in price? Individual investors should maintain strict discipline when they pick commodities funds, he says.（分数：5.00）(1).“We have an economy thats very dependent upon ever-increasing amounts of debt. Look at borrowing in this country for automobiles and
29、 housing. At the federal level, we are creating credit as if it is going out of style. Given that, we think the dollar can decline substantially more from here.“ In the 4thparagraph, the words of a fund manager tells us all of the following except that _.（分数：1.00）A.the US economy is very dependent u
30、pon ever-increasing amounts of debtB.the amount of borrowing today in the US for automobiles and housing is getting bigger and biggerC.one of the main reasons for the depreciation of dollar is the ever increasing amounts of US domestic debtsD.the US federal government is creating credit because the
31、people have already showed unwillingness to be indebted(2).Which of the following is NOT a feasible way for investors to protect themselves from inflation?（分数：1.00）A.To invest in government bonds in countries that are major trading partners of the US.B.To hold TIPS always to maturity.C.To turn to na
32、tural-resource stocks or mutual funds that invest in them.D.To try Commodities sometimes.(3).Which of the following is true about the commodity trading?（分数：1.00）A.When commodity prices are falling, natural-resource firms loses money.B.Stock funds benefit when commodity prices rise.C.Individual inves
33、tors should hold on to a commodities fund when they have decided upon it.D.Market performances of the stock funds and the commodities they have invested in are not necessarily the same.(4).“If real interest rates rise faster than inflation, TIPS can lose value if theyre not held to maturity.“ In the
34、 7thparagraph, this suggests all of the following except that_.（分数：1.00）A.the market performance of most bonds are rather sensitive to the fluctuation of real interest ratesB.TIPS is a kind of long-term bondC.most traders prefer bonds with a safe rate of returnD.TIPS tends to be inactive on the mark
35、et because of light trading of this bond(5).If the dollar continues to decline, which of the following would be a possible result?（分数：1.00）A.Prices would fall.B.Importing would become expensive.C.Pressure of inflation would be lessened.D.Consumers would be more willing to borrow money from banks.BTE
36、XT C/BSince ancient times, people have dreamed of leaving their home planet and exploring other worlds. In the later half of the 20th century, that dream became reality. The space age began with the launch of the first artificial satellites in 1963. A human first went into space in 1963. Since then,
37、 astronauts and cosmonauts have ventured into space for ever greater lengths of time, even living aboard orbiting space stations for months on end. Two dozen people have circled the moon or walked on its surface. At the same time, robotic explorers have journeyed where humans could not go, visiting
38、all but one of the solar systems major worlds. Unpiloted spacecraft have also visited a host of minor bodies such as moons, comets, and asteroids. These explorations have sparked the advance of new technologies, from rockets to communications equipment to computers. Spacecraft studies have yielded a
39、 bounty of scientific discoveries about the solar system, the Milky Way Galaxy, and the universe. And they have given humanity a new perspective on the earth and its neighbors in space.The first challenge of space exploration was developing rockets powerful enough and reliable enough to boost a sate
40、llite into orbit. These boosters needed more than brute force, however; they also needed guidance systems to steer them on the proper flight paths to reach their desired orbits. The next challenge was building the satellites themselves. The satellites needed electronic components that were lightweig
41、ht, yet durable enough to withstand the acceleration and vibration of launch. Creating these components required the worlds aerospace engineering facilities to adopt new standards of reliability in manufacturing and testing. On Earth, engineers also had to build tracking stations to maintain radio c
42、ommunications with these artificial “moons“ as they circled the planet.Beginning in the early 1920s, humans launched probes to explore other planets. The distances traveled by these robotic space travelers required travel times measured in months or years. These spacecraft had to be especially relia
43、ble to continue functioning for a decade or more. They also had to withstand such hazards as the radiation belts surrounding Jupiter, particles orbiting in the rings of Saturn, and greater extremes in temperature than are faced by spacecraft in the closeness of Earth. Despite their great scientific
44、returns, these missions often came with high price tags. Today the world s space agencies, such as the United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA. and the European Space Agency (ESA), strive to conduct robotic missions more cheaply and efficiently.It was inevitable that humans
45、 would follow their unpiloted creations into space. Piloted space flight introduced a whole new set of difficulties, many of them concerned with keeping people alive in the hostile environment of space. In addition to the vacuum of space, which requires any piloted spacecraft to carry its own atmosp
46、here, there are other deadly hazards: solar and cosmic radiation, micrometorites (small bits of rock and dust) that might puncture a spacecraft hull or an astronauts pressure suit, and extremes of temperature ranging from frigid darkness to broiling sunlight. It was not enough simply to keep people
47、alive in space - astronauts needed to have a means of accomplishing useful work while they were there. It was necessary to develop tools and techniques for space navigation, and for conducting scientific observations and experiments. Astronauts would have to be protected when they ventured outside t
48、he safety of their pressurized spacecraft to work in the vacuum. Missions and hardware would have to be carefully designed to help insure the safety of space crews in any foreseeable emergency, from liftoff to landing.The challenges of conducting piloted space flights were great enough for missions that orbited Earth. They became even more daunting for the Apollo missions, which sent astronauts to the moon. The achievement of sending astronauts to the lunar surface and back rep
