1、专业八级-261 (1)及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPART LISTENIN(总题数：4，分数：20.00)BReligions of the East/BA few years ago many well-known people came to the East to study the Asian reli-gions. They were curious about how the Asian people put peace, joy, happiness, even(1) _ into their lives in terms of religio
2、us. (1) _It is said that Hinduism is one of the (2) _ Asian religions. Hinduism teaches (2) _that men are not really happy with pleasure, success, power or fiches; what they reallywant is to be alive and to be (3) _ of life as deeply as possible. Man has to over- (3) _come any (4) _ in his life. (4)
3、 _Hinduism recognizes four ways to achieve this goal:-by (5)_ , attained by questioning and thinking. (5) _-through love and adoration.-through forgetting oneself.-through (6) _ that tame both ones body and ones soul. (6) _The Buddhist religion has over 165 million (7) _ . Like the Hindus, Buddha (7
4、) _believed that one becomes (8) _ when one is able to overcome selfishness, sor- (8) _row, and sin and is able to (9) _ self-control, humility, generosity, mercy and (9) _love for all people.All of the Eastern religions believe in (10) _ , which means the soul goes (10) _from one body to another un
5、til it is able to be united with God.（分数：10.00）(1).（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_SECTION BQuestions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions.Now listen to
6、 the interview.（分数：5.00）(1).The Earth Day Groceries Project -|_|- .（分数：1.00）A.was inspired by a friend of Mark s who works at NASAB.is the name of an online education discussion listC.was started by a local supermarketD.is an environmental education project(2).How was the Project received when Mark
7、first sent his invitation?（分数：1.00）A.Mark received responses from 53 schools.B.There were about 1,500 bags decorated with one announcement.C.It was a huge success, which, to a great extent, was due to the power of the Internet.D.R was a hit among the schools but the local supermarket was quite reluc
8、tant to offer their bags at first.(3).How did Mark learn the skills he needed to construct his website?（分数：1.00）A.He taught himself and learned by doing.B.He found someone on the discussion lists to teach him.C.He found someone good at HTML to help him run the site.D.He had a teacher of computer hel
9、p him.(4).Jean is a teacher of -|_|- .（分数：1.00）A.computerB.artC.mathematicsD.natural sciences(5).Which of the following statements about Jean is NOT true?（分数：1.00）A.Her goal was to help them come up with a message and make a picture that related to the message.B.She would introduce the lesson by tal
10、king about ways that people could improve the environment.C.She would tell the students to keep their design simple.D.She found it necessary sometimes to reject a students idea if its not good enough.BSECTION C/BIQuestions 6 and 7 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you wil
11、l be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.Now listen to the news./I（分数：2.00）(1).How many people are already known to have died in the storms in Kansas, U.S.?（分数：1.00）A.1.B.3.C.10.D.The number is still unknown yet.(2).Which of the following names is NOT mentioned in the news?（分数：1.00）A.Ottawa Cou
12、nty lake.B.north-central Kansas.C.the Kansas Emergency Management Agency.D.the tornado Camper.IQuestions 8 to 10 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 30 seconds to answer the questions.Now listen to the news./I（分数：3.00）(1).How much did Spider-Man 3 take in
13、on its opening day?（分数：1.00）A.148 million.B.227 million.C.59.3 million.D.55.8 million.(2).Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the news item?（分数：1.00）A.Spider-Man 3 broke the single-day box-office record.B.Spider-Man 3 was not so warmly received in foreign markets as was in the U.S
14、.C.Spider-Man 3 was debuted on a Saturday.D.Spider-Man 3 still starred the same actors but had a different director.(3).The single-day box-office record was previously held by which of the following movies?（分数：1.00）A.Harry Porter.B.Pirates of the Caribbean.C.Titanic.D.The Matrix.二、BPART READING (总题数
15、：7，分数：20.00)BTEXT A/BBefore a big exam, a sound nights sleep will do you more good than poring over textbooks. That, at least, is the folk wisdom. And science, in the form of behavioral psychology, supports that wisdom. But such behavioral studies cannot distinguish between two competing theories of
16、 why sleep is good for the memory. One says that sleep is when permanent memories form. The other says that they are actually formed during the day, but then “edited at night, to flush away what is superfluous.To tell the difference, it is necessary to look into the brain of a sleeping person, and t
17、hat is hard. But after a decade of painstaking work, a team led by Pierre Maquet at Liege University in Belgium has managed to do it. The particular stage of sleep in which the Belgian group is interested in is rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, when brain and body are active, heart rate and blood pres
18、sure increase, the eyes move back and forth behind the eyelids as ff watching a movie, and brainwave traces resemble those of wakefulness. It is during this period of sleep that people are most likely to relive events of the previous day in dreams.Dr. Maquet used an electronic device called PET to s
19、tudy the brains of people as they practiced a task during the day, and as they slept during the following night. The task required them to press a button as fast as possible, in response to a light coming on in one of six positions. As they learnt how to do this, their response times got faster. Wha
20、t they did not know was that the appearance of the lights sometimes followed a pattern-what is referred to as “artificial grammar“. Yet the reductions in response time showed that they learnt faster when the pattern was present than when there was not.What is more, those with more to learn (i. e., t
21、he “grammar“, as well as the mechanical task of pushing the button) have more active brains. The “editing“ theory would not predict that, since the number of irrelevant stimuli would be the same in each case. And to eliminate any doubts that the experimental subjects were learning as opposed to unle
22、arning, their response times when they woke up were even quicker than when they went to sleep.The team, therefore, concluded that the nerve connections involved in memory are reinforced through reactivation during REM sleep, particularly if the brain detects an inherent structure in the material bei
23、ng learnt. So now, on the eve of that crucial test, maths students can sleep soundly in the knowledge that what they will remember the next day are the basic rules of algebra and not the incoherent talk from the radio next door.（分数：5.00）(1).Researchers in behavioral psychology are divided with regar
24、d to _ .（分数：1.00）A.how dreams are modified in their coursesB.the difference between sleep and wakefulnessC.why sleep is of great benefit to memoryD.the functions of a good nights sleep(2).As manifested in the experimental study, rapid eye movement is characterized by _ .（分数：1.00）A.intensely active b
25、rainwave tracesB.subjects quicker response timesC.complicated memory patternsD.revival of events in the previous day(3).By referring to the artificial grammar, the author intends to show _ .（分数：1.00）A.its significance in the studyB.an inherent pattern being learntC.its resemblance to the lightsD.the
26、 importance of nights sleep(4).In their study, researchers led by Pierre Maquet took advantage of the technique of _ .（分数：1.00）A.exposing a long-held folk wisdomB.clarifying the predictions on dreamsC.making contrasts and comparisonsD.correlating effects with their causes(5).What advice might Maquet
27、 give to those who have a crucial test the next day?（分数：1.00）A.Memorizing grammar with great efforts.B.Study textbooks with close attention.C.Have their brain images recorded.D.Enjoy their sleep at night soundly.1.BTEXT B/BThe Food and Drug Administration said Wednesday that it is trying to track do
28、wn as many as 386 piglets that may have been genetically engineered and wrongfully sold into the U.S. food supply.The focus of the FDA investigation is pigs raised by researchers at the University of Illinois in Urbana Champaign. They engineered the animals with two genes: One is a cow gene that inc
29、reases milk production in the sow. The other, a synthetic gene, makes the milk easier for piglets to digest. The goal was to raise bigger pigs faster.There has been no evidence that either genetically altered plants or animals actually trigger human illness, but critics warn that potential side effe
30、cts remain unknown. University officials say their tests showed the piglets were not born with the altered genes, but FDA rules require even the offspring of genetically engineered animals to be destroyed so they don t get into the food supply.The FDA, in a quickly arranged news conference Wednesday
31、 prompted by inquiries by USA TODAY, said the University of Illinois will face possible sanctions and fines for selling the piglets to a livestock broker, who in turn sells to processing plants.Both the FDA and the university say the pigs that entered the market do not pose a risk to consumers. But
32、the investigation follows action by the U.S. Department of Agriculture in December to fine a Texas company that contaminated 500,000 bushels of soybeans with com that had been genetically altered to produce a vaccine for pigs.Critics see such cases as evidence of the need for more government oversig
33、ht of a burgeoning area of scientific research. “This is a small incident, but its incident like this that could destroy consumer confidence and export confidence,“ says Stephanie Childs of the Grocery Manufacturers of America. “We already have Europe shaky on biotech. The countries to whom we expor
34、t are going to look at this.“The University of Illinois says it tested the DNA of every piglet eight times to make sure that the animal hadnt inherited the genetic engineering of its mother. Those piglets that did were put back into the study. Those that didn t were sold to the pig broker. “Any pig
35、who s tested negative for the genes since 1999 has been sent off to market,“ says Charles Zukoski, vice chancellor for research.But FDA deputy commissioner Lester Crawford says that under the terms of the universitys agreement with the FDA, the researchers were forbidden to remove the piglets withou
36、t FDA approval. “The University of Illinois failed to check with FDA to see whether or not the animals could be sold on the open market. And they were not to he used under any circumstance for food.“The FDA is responsible for regulating and overseeing transgenic animals because such genetic manipula
37、tion is considered an unapproved animal drug._BTEXT B/BThe Food and Drug Administration said Wednesday that it is trying to track down as many as 386 piglets that may have been genetically engineered and wrongfully sold into the U.S. food supply.The focus of the FDA investigation is pigs raised by r
38、esearchers at the University of Illinois in Urbana Champaign. They engineered the animals with two genes: One is a cow gene that increases milk production in the sow. The other, a synthetic gene, makes the milk easier for piglets to digest. The goal was to raise bigger pigs faster.There has been no
39、evidence that either genetically altered plants or animals actually trigger human illness, but critics warn that potential side effects remain unknown. University officials say their tests showed the piglets were not born with the altered genes, but FDA rules require even the offspring of geneticall
40、y engineered animals to be destroyed so they don t get into the food supply.The FDA, in a quickly arranged news conference Wednesday prompted by inquiries by USA TODAY, said the University of Illinois will face possible sanctions and fines for selling the piglets to a livestock broker, who in turn s
41、ells to processing plants.Both the FDA and the university say the pigs that entered the market do not pose a risk to consumers. But the investigation follows action by the U.S. Department of Agriculture in December to fine a Texas company that contaminated 500,000 bushels of soybeans with com that h
42、ad been genetically altered to produce a vaccine for pigs.Critics see such cases as evidence of the need for more government oversight of a burgeoning area of scientific research. “This is a small incident, but its incident like this that could destroy consumer confidence and export confidence,“ say
43、s Stephanie Childs of the Grocery Manufacturers of America. “We already have Europe shaky on biotech. The countries to whom we export are going to look at this.“The University of Illinois says it tested the DNA of every piglet eight times to make sure that the animal hadnt inherited the genetic engi
44、neering of its mother. Those piglets that did were put back into the study. Those that didn t were sold to the pig broker. “Any pig who s tested negative for the genes since 1999 has been sent off to market,“ says Charles Zukoski, vice chancellor for research.But FDA deputy commissioner Lester Crawf
45、ord says that under the terms of the universitys agreement with the FDA, the researchers were forbidden to remove the piglets without FDA approval. “The University of Illinois failed to check with FDA to see whether or not the animals could be sold on the open market. And they were not to he used un
46、der any circumstance for food.“The FDA is responsible for regulating and overseeing transgenic animals because such genetic manipulation is considered an unapproved animal drug.（分数：5.00）(1).The 386 piglets wrongfully sold into food supply are from _ .（分数：1.00）A.EuropeB.an American research organizat
47、ionC.a meat processing plantD.an animal farm(2).The purpose of the transgenic engineering research is to _ .（分数：1.00）A.get pigs of larger size in a shorter timeB.make sows produce more milkC.make cows produce more milkD.make pigs grow more lean meat(3).The 4th paragraph shows that the University of
48、Illinois _ .（分数：1.00）A.was criticized by the FDAB.is in great troubleC.IS required by the FDA to call back the sold pigletsD.may have to pay the penalty(4).The FDA declares that the wrongfully sold piglets _ .（分数：1.00）A.may have side effects on consumersB.may be harmful to consumersC.are safe to consumersD.may cause human illness(5).It can be inferred from this passage
