1、专业八级-250 (1)及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPART LISTENIN(总题数：4，分数：20.00)White neighborhoods are becoming darker in (1) _ and more expensive. (1) _.Analysts say that soaring house prices and booming car sales are being fueled by an (2) _ mobile black middle class (2) _.emerging from the ashes of (3) _
2、. (3) _.Blacks, who make up about 75 percent of South Africas 46.6 million people, are moving from the (4) _ of the economy into the mainstream (4) _.thanks to policies aimed at redressing decades of injustice. Statistics compiled by the independent Human Sciences Research Council (HSRC. show that t
3、he black middle class has (5) _ to 7.8 percent of the total population in 2000 from 3.3 percent in 1994. (5) _.“The development of a black middle class was deliberately stunted under segregation and apartheid,“ said the HSRCs Roger Southall. Although official figures are not (6) _, (6) _.analysts sa
4、y the black middle class is behind the retail sales boom and strong house price growth.Before 1994, blacks were (7) _ by legislation from owning properties in suburbs exclusively reserved for whites and had limited access to bank credit. (7) _.But the face of the former white suburbs has changed as
5、blacks (8) _ move from the townships in search of security and better municipal services. (8) _.Living in posh suburbs is seen by many as a status symbol. “The black middle class is (9) _ strongly to the growth of the property market and other sectors of the economy,“ says Jacques du Toit, an econom
6、ist at banking group Absa. (9) _.House prices rose by an (10) _ of 30.3 percent in real terms in 2004, (10) _.the highest since 1967, and business is also booming for auto traders, with a growing number of sales attributed to black buyers.（分数：10.00）(1).（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项
7、 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_SECTION BQuestions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the conversation you will be give 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions.Now listen to the interview.（分数：5.00）(1).Which of the following is true?（分数：1.00）A.Andrew prefers filling the
8、 bad tooth to taking it out.B.Jackie prefers to have the bad tooth filled rather than pulled.C.Neither Andrew nor Jackie likes to have a tooth filled.D.Jackie and Andrew would rather have a tooth filled.(2).Jackie complained that nobody was doing anything to -|_|-.（分数：1.00）A.prevent people from havi
9、ng trouble with teethB.stop teeth from falling outC.put men on the moonD.transplant hearts and other organs(3).According to the context tooth transplanting -|_|-.（分数：1.00）A.will not be realized in the near futureB.is still at a trial periodC.is but a dreamD.has been widely practiced(4).Why did Jacki
10、e think Andrew was making up the story?（分数：1.00）A.She was sure Andrew was joking.B.She had never heard about it.C.She thought it totally impossible.D.It had never been mentioned anywhere.(5).This dialogue is mainly about -|_|-.（分数：1.00）A.Andrews toothacheB.teeth made of plasticsC.tooth transplanting
11、D.the Georgetown University HospitalBSECTION C/BIQuestions 6 to 8 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 15 seconds to answer each of the following questions.Now listen to the news./I（分数：3.00）(1).How do the scientists measure the pitch?（分数：1.00）A.According to
12、 the movement and vibrations of hot gassesB.The trade winds blow on EarthC.The riversD.The sound travel through the space(2).We should when we want to glimpse inside the sun.（分数：1.00）A.answer questions about its temperatureB.translate the sounds into imagesC.know how gases inside ebb and flowD.measu
13、re the pitch(3).What did they find out?（分数：1.00）A.An equatorial belt of faster moving material.B.The solar sound.C.A sun orbiting satellite.D.An other plantet.IQuestions 9 and 10 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 15 seconds to answer each of the followin
14、g questions.Now listen to the news./I（分数：2.00）(1).Which one was not mentioned in the conclusion document issued by the summit?（分数：1.00）A.the EU would develop a strategic partnership with ChinaB.the EU had decided to lift the arms ban later this yearC.the EU would try to resolve the trade dispute wit
15、h China quicklyD.the EU promised to intensify dialogue in all areas(2).According to Asselborn, which would lay down a solid road for the lifting?（分数：1.00）A.the strategic partnership between the EU and ChinaB.the dialogue in all areasC.the British effort to strike a deal on the EU code of conduct on
16、arms exportsD.the US-EU relationship二、BPART READING (总题数：9，分数：20.00)BTEXT A/BThe destruction of our natural resources and contamination of our food supply continue to occur, largely because of the extreme difficulty in affixing legal responsibility on those who continue to treat our environment with
17、 reckless abandon. Attempts to prevent pollution legislation, economic incentives and friendly persuasion have been met by lawsuits, personal and industrial denial and long delays -not only in accepting responsibility, but more importantly, in doing something about it.It seems that only when governm
18、ent decides it can afford tax incentives or production sacrifices is there any initiative for change. Where is industrys and our recognition that protecting mankinds great treasure is the single most important responsibility? If ever there will be time for environmental health professionals to come
19、to the frontlines and provide leadership to solve environmental problems, that time is now.We are being asked, and, in fact, the public is demanding that we take positive action. It is our responsibility as professionals in environmental health to make the difference. Yes, the ecologists, the enviro
20、nmental activists and the conservationists serve to communicate, stimulate thinking and promote behavioral change. However, it is those of us who are paid to make the decisions to develop, improve and enforce environmental standards, I submit, who must lead the charge.We must recognize that environm
21、ental health issues do not stop at city limits, county lines, state or even federal boundaries. We can no longer afford to be tunnel-versioned in our approach. We must visualize issues from every perspective make the objective decisions. We must express our views clearly to prevent media distortion
22、and public confusion. I believe we have a three-part mission for the present. First, we must continue to press for improvements in the quality of life that people can make for themselves. Second, we must investigate and understand the link between environment and health. Third, we must be able to co
23、mmunicate technical information in a form that citizens can understand. If we can accomplish these three goals in this decade, maybe we can finally stop environmental degradation, and not merely hold it back. We will then be able to spend pollution dollars truly on prevention rather than on bandages
24、.（分数：5.00）(1).We can infer from the first two paragraphs that the industrialists disregard environmental protection chiefly because _.（分数：1.00）A.they are unaware of the consequences of what they are doingB.they are reluctant to sacrifice their own economic interestsC.time has not yet come for them t
25、o put due emphasis on itD.it is difficult for them to take effective measures(2).The main task now facing ecologists, environmental activists and conservationists is _.（分数：1.00）A.to prevent pollution by legislation, economic incentives and persuasionB.to arouse public awareness of the importance of
26、environmental protectionC.to take radical measures to control environmental pollutionD.to improve the quality of life by enforcing environmental standards(3).The word tunnel-versioned (Line 2, Para.4) most probably means _.（分数：1.00）A.narrow-mindedB.blind to the factsC.short-sightedD.able to see only
27、 one aspect(4).Which of the following, according to the author, should play the leading role in the solution of environmental problems?（分数：1.00）A.Legislation and government intervention.B.The industrys understanding and support.C.The efforts of environmental health professionals.D.The cooperation of
28、 ecologists, environmental activists and conservationists.(5).According to the text, why destruction of our natural resources and contamination of our food supply continue to occur?（分数：1.00）A.inevitable phenomenon of social developingB.few people are aware of itC.the tax exerted on manufacturer is t
29、oo heavyD.difficulty in affixing legal responsibility on the people who caused the problem1.BTEXT B/BThe United States has a major racial problem on its hands. True, Britain is facing a similar problem, but for the time being it is in America that it is graver. The only way to solve it is through ed
30、ucation. Negroes should know about the contributions that black individuals and groups have made towards building America. This is of vital importance for their self-respect, and it is perhaps even more important for white people to know. For if you believe that a man has no history worth mentioning
31、, it is easy to assume that he has no value as a man.Many people believe that, since the Negros achievements do not appear in the history books, he did not have any. Most people are taken aback when they learn that Negroes sailed with Columbus, marched with the Spanish conquerors of South America an
32、d fought side by side with white Americans in all their wars. People are astonished when you tell them about Phillis Wheatley, who learned English as a slave in Boston and wrote first-class poetry. They have never heard of Benjamin Banneker, a mathematician and a surveyor, who helped to plan the cit
33、y of Washington.There has been a tendency all along to treat the black man as if he were invisible, little has been written about the 5,000 American Negroes who fought in the Revolution against the British, but they were in every important battle. In the Anglo-American war of 1812, at least one out
34、of every six men in the U. S. Navy was a Negro. In the Civil war, more than 200,000 black troops fought in the Union forces. How, then, did the image of the Negro as a valiant fighting man disappear? To justify the hideous institution of slavery, slaveholders had to create the myth of the docile, sl
35、ow- witted Negro, incapable of self-improvement, and even contented with his lot. Nothing could be further from the truth. The slave fought for his freedom at every chance he got, and there were numerous uprisings. Yet the myth of docility persisted.There are several other areas where the truth has
36、been twisted or concealed. Most people have heard of the Negro. Carver, who invented scores of new uses for the lowly peanut. But whoever heard of Norbert Rillieux, who in 1846 invented a vacuum pan that revolutionized the sugar-refining industry? Or of Elijah McCoy, who in 1872 invented the drip cu
37、p that feeds oil to the moving parts of heavy machinery? How many people know that Negroes are credited with inventing such different items as ice creams, potato chips, the gas mask and the first traffic light? Not many. As for the winning the West, the black cowboy and the black frontiersman have b
38、een almost ignored, though film producers are becoming more aware of their importance. Yet in the typical trail crew of eight men that drove cattle from Texas to Kansas, at least two would have been Negroes. The black troops of the Ninth and Tenth Cavalry formed one-fifth of all the mounted troops a
39、ssigned to protect the frontier after the Civil War. What difference does it make? You may ask. A lot. The cowboy is the American folk-hero. Youngsters identify with him instantly. The average cowboy film is really a kind of morality play, with good guys and bad guys and right finally triumphing ove
40、r wrong. You should see the amazement and happiness on black youngsters faces when they learn that their ancestors really had a part in all that._BTEXT B/BThe United States has a major racial problem on its hands. True, Britain is facing a similar problem, but for the time being it is in America tha
41、t it is graver. The only way to solve it is through education. Negroes should know about the contributions that black individuals and groups have made towards building America. This is of vital importance for their self-respect, and it is perhaps even more important for white people to know. For if
42、you believe that a man has no history worth mentioning, it is easy to assume that he has no value as a man.Many people believe that, since the Negros achievements do not appear in the history books, he did not have any. Most people are taken aback when they learn that Negroes sailed with Columbus, m
43、arched with the Spanish conquerors of South America and fought side by side with white Americans in all their wars. People are astonished when you tell them about Phillis Wheatley, who learned English as a slave in Boston and wrote first-class poetry. They have never heard of Benjamin Banneker, a ma
44、thematician and a surveyor, who helped to plan the city of Washington.There has been a tendency all along to treat the black man as if he were invisible, little has been written about the 5,000 American Negroes who fought in the Revolution against the British, but they were in every important battle
45、. In the Anglo-American war of 1812, at least one out of every six men in the U. S. Navy was a Negro. In the Civil war, more than 200,000 black troops fought in the Union forces. How, then, did the image of the Negro as a valiant fighting man disappear? To justify the hideous institution of slavery,
46、 slaveholders had to create the myth of the docile, slow- witted Negro, incapable of self-improvement, and even contented with his lot. Nothing could be further from the truth. The slave fought for his freedom at every chance he got, and there were numerous uprisings. Yet the myth of docility persis
47、ted.There are several other areas where the truth has been twisted or concealed. Most people have heard of the Negro. Carver, who invented scores of new uses for the lowly peanut. But whoever heard of Norbert Rillieux, who in 1846 invented a vacuum pan that revolutionized the sugar-refining industry
48、? Or of Elijah McCoy, who in 1872 invented the drip cup that feeds oil to the moving parts of heavy machinery? How many people know that Negroes are credited with inventing such different items as ice creams, potato chips, the gas mask and the first traffic light? Not many. As for the winning the West, the black cowboy and the black frontiersman have been almost ignored, though film producers are becoming m
