1、专业八级-242 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPART LISTENIN(总题数：1，分数：10.00)BCryptic Coloring/B Cryptic coloring is by far the commonest use of color in the struggle for existence. It is employed for the purpose of attack as well as of defense, and may be either general or special. B. General resemblance:/B
2、 Its especially common among the animal inhabiting some uniformly colored expanse of (1)_, such as an ocean or a desert: (1)_ 1) Animals are often (2)_by their transparent (2)_ blue color or sandy appearance. 2) Equally diverse forms are defended by their sandy appearance. B. Special resemblance:/B
3、Its far commoner than general, and usually met with: 1) on the diversified surface of the earth; 2)on the shores; 3) in (3)_ water; 4)on the surface of the ocean. (3)_ The (4)_ of coloring, shape, and attitude produces a more (4)_ or less exact resemblance to some one of (5)_in the environment. (5)_
4、 B. The attempts have been made along two lines for the /B (6)_ of these most interesting and elaborate adaptations: (6)_ 1) The first explans: Effect is a result of the direct influence of the environment upon (7)_, or by the inherited effects of efforts and (7)_ the (8)_of parts. (8)_ 2) The secon
5、d believes: (9)_produced the result and afterwards maintained it (9)_ by the survival of the best concealed in each generation. In the present state of science, the only possible hole of an interpretation (10)_ the theory of natural selection. (10)_（分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:
6、_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_二、BSECTION B/B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)IQuestions 1 to 5 are based on an interview with a chief-editor. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following questions. Now listen to the interview./I（分数：5.00）(1).According to the interview, what h
7、appened since Mary Ann were 100?（分数：1.00）A.She had a blimp ride.B.She had a horse ride.C.She touched the Hollywood sign.D.She stayed at home.(2).Where was Mary Ann born?（分数：1.00）A.In a small village.B.North of Chicago.C.In Washington.D.In Hawaii.(3).What does she want to do for her 106th?（分数：1.00）A.
8、She wants to meet pop singer.B.She wants to meet a superstar.C.She wants to see a movie star.D.She wants to see a movie.(4).According to the interview, which of the following is not true?（分数：1.00）A.The older she got the more comfortable she was with herself.B.As she got older she no longer ran sacre
9、d anymore.C.Now, a lot of people think that part of aging is that they don t get to do the things that they could do, they become inactive, they sit around and watch television.D.When they are getting older they can go out and have fun.(5).From the interview, we can know what is the most important w
10、hen you are getting old?（分数：1.00）A.Health.B.Possessions.C.Attitude towards aging.D.Daily life.三、BSECTION C/B(总题数：2，分数：5.00)IQuestions 6 he came from the agency now known as Lowe it was hard to be sure which gear the car was about to engage. Several times I hit fifth gear when aiming for third. Chrys
11、ler apparently anticipated this problem, as a brief warning chimes to let you know when youre in reverse.Neither the PT Cruiser convertible nor the New Beetle is perfect. But for fun in the sun or even the fall - what could be better? Both cars brought constant waves, smiles, and stories from passer
12、sby.Whats a convertible about if it isnt looking good on the road and brightening your day?（分数：5.00）(1).Those who choose Volkswagens New Beetle or Chryslers PT Cruiser are mainly interested in their_.（分数：1.00）A.practicalityB.fun to driveC.pricesD.style(2).Which of the following statements is right?（
13、分数：1.00）A.The New Beetle Convertible and the New Beetle hatchback are practically of the same model.B.More fun to drive means more horsepower.C.The New Beetle Convertible leaves people with the impression that its only a car made for a lady.D.The New Beetle Convertible was uncomfortable to use in wi
14、nter.(3).Which of the following is NOT among the shortcomings of Volkswagens New Beetle named by the author?（分数：1.00）A.Its reputation as a “chick car“.B.Its folded top sits above a tiny trunk, with only five cubic feet of capacity and accessible through a smaller porthole.C.Crank the steering into a
15、 turn and the car follows like an eager puppy.D.As with the New Beetle hatchback, the windshield is far away, and the wipers clear only a small slit of a view in front.(4).The PT Cruiser excels the New Beetle Convertible with all the following qualities EXCEPT that_.（分数：1.00）A.its cutesy lookB.the b
16、ack seat is comfortable for two people, and the trunk is roomyC.the back seats fold forward in case you need to carry some long cargoD.the 220-horsepower turbocharged engine in the GT model makes the Cruiser seriously quick, which backs up its hot-rod looks. But after that, the driving experience fa
17、lls apart(5).“It was hard to be sure which gear the car was about to engage. Several times I hit fifth gear when aiming for third. Chrysler apparently anticipated this problem, as a brief warning chimes to let you know when youre in reverse.“ In the last 3rd paragraph, this means that_.（分数：1.00）A.th
18、e design of the car deserves applaudingB.the designer really cares about the drivers practical needsC.this problem of the PT Cruiser is quite noteworthyD.none of the above五、BPART GENERAL (总题数：10，分数：10.00)1.In Canada, French and English are coequal official language except in _, where French is the s
19、ole official language.（分数：1.00）A.QuebecB.MontrealC.VancouverD.Ottawa2.Frankenstein was created by the wife of_.（分数：1.00）A.ShakespeareB.ShelleyC.Bernard ShawD.Dickens3.H. G. Wells is one of the most famous writers of _fiction.（分数：1.00）A.romanticB.realisticC.classicalD.science4.The Old Bailey is the p
20、opular name of the _, in London. It is named after the street Old Bailey where it is situated. Originally, the bailey was an outer castle wall from which the steet took its name.（分数：1.00）A.Central Criminal CourtB.Central TVC.well-known London TheatreD.well-known football stadium5.The Pilgrims came t
21、o America in a ship named the _.（分数：1.00）A.Half MoonB.SpeedwellC.MayflowerD.Santa Maria6.The Yellow Pages is a classified commercial _ that lists subscribers according to their trade or business.（分数：1.00）A.registration bookB.telephone directoryC.itinerary mapD.flight route7.In the 19thcentury, in En
22、gland, there appeared a literary trend _.（分数：1.00）A.RomanticismB.SentimentalismC.Critical RealismD.Realism8.The Louisiana territory of America was purchased from_.（分数：1.00）A.SpainB.EnglandC.FranceD.Russia10.A word is a symbol that _.（分数：1.00）A.is used by the same speech communityB.represents somethi
23、ng else in the worldC.is both simple and complex in natureD.shows different ideas in different sounds六、BPART PROOFREA(总题数：10，分数：10.00)填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_七、BPART TRANSLAT(总题数：1，分数：10.00)21.终身教育是指与生命共有外延并已扩展到社会各方面的连续性的教育社区教育是在一定区域内，利用各类教育资源开展的旨在提高社区全体
24、成员整体素质和生活质量，月盼区域经济建设和社会发展的教育活动；二者都具有“全面、全员、完整、持续”等基本特征。对终身教育和社区教育的认识有利于促进我国逐步建立和完善终身学习的教育制度。（分数：10.00）_八、BSECTION B ENGLI(总题数：1，分数：10.00)22.I used to find notes left in the collection basket, beautiful notes about my homilies and about the writers thoughts on the daily scriptural readings. The perso
25、n who penned the notes would add reflections to my thoughts and would always include some quotes from poets and mystics he or she had read and remembered and loved. The notes fascinated me. Here was someone immersed in a search for troth and beauty. Words had been treasured, words that were beautifu
26、l. And I felt as if the words somehow delighted in being discovered, for they were obviously very generous to the as yet anonymous writer of the notes. And now this person was in mm learning the secret of sharing them. Beauty so shines when given away. The only truth that exists is, in that sense, f
27、ree.（分数：10.00）_九、BPART WRITING(总题数：1，分数：20.00)23.There is no denying that waste is a common phenomenon on campus nowadays. As a developing country and a nation with so long a history, our young people should realize the serious realities of our natural materials and economical resources. You are to
28、write a 400-word composition to discuss this issue. In the first part of your writing you should present your thesis statement, and in the second part you should support the thesis statement with appropriate details. In the last part you should bring what you have written to a natural conclusion wit
29、h a summary. Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Write your essay on the ANSWER SHEET.（分数：20.00）_专业八级-242 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPART LISTENIN(总题数：1，分数：10.00)BCryptic Coloring/B Cr
30、yptic coloring is by far the commonest use of color in the struggle for existence. It is employed for the purpose of attack as well as of defense, and may be either general or special. B. General resemblance:/B Its especially common among the animal inhabiting some uniformly colored expanse of (1)_,
31、 such as an ocean or a desert: (1)_ 1) Animals are often (2)_by their transparent (2)_ blue color or sandy appearance. 2) Equally diverse forms are defended by their sandy appearance. B. Special resemblance:/B Its far commoner than general, and usually met with: 1) on the diversified surface of the
32、earth; 2)on the shores; 3) in (3)_ water; 4)on the surface of the ocean. (3)_ The (4)_ of coloring, shape, and attitude produces a more (4)_ or less exact resemblance to some one of (5)_in the environment. (5)_ B. The attempts have been made along two lines for the /B (6)_ of these most interesting
33、and elaborate adaptations: (6)_ 1) The first explans: Effect is a result of the direct influence of the environment upon (7)_, or by the inherited effects of efforts and (7)_ the (8)_of parts. (8)_ 2) The second believes: (9)_produced the result and afterwards maintained it (9)_ by the survival of t
34、he best concealed in each generation. In the present state of science, the only possible hole of an interpretation (10)_ the theory of natural selection. (10)_（分数：10.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：the earth s surface）解析：听力原文1-10 BCryptic Coloring/B Good morning, we are going to talk about cryptic coloring today.
35、Cryptic coloring is by far the commonest use of color in the struggle for existence. It is employed for the purpose of attack (aggressive resemblance or anticryptic coloring ) as well as of defense (protective resemblance or procryptic coloring ). The fact that the same method concealment, may be us
36、ed both for attack and defense has been well explained by T. Belt who suggests as an illustration the rapidity of movement which is also made use of by both pursuer and pursued, which is similarly raised to a maximum in both by the gradual dying out of the slowest through a series of generations. Cr
37、yptic coloring is commonly associated with other aids in the struggle for life. Thus well-concealed mammals and birds, when discovered, will generally endeavor to escape by speed and will often attempt to defend themselves actively. On the other hand, small animals which have no means of active defe
38、nse, such as large, numbers of insects, frequently depend upon concealment alone. Protective resemblance is far commoner among animals than aggressive resemblance, in correspondence with the fact that predaceous forms are as a rule much larger and much less numerous than their prey. In the case of i
39、nsectivorous Vertebrata and their prey such differences exist in an exaggerated form. Cryptic coloring, whether used for defense of attack, may be either general or special. In general resemblance the animal, in consequence of its coloring, produces the same effect as its environment, but the condit
40、ions do not require any special adaptation of shape and outline. General resemblance is especially common among the animal inhabiting some uniformly colored expanse of the earths surface, such as an ocean or a desert. In the former, animals of all shapes are frequently protected by their transparent
41、 blue color, on the latter, equally diverse forms are defended by their sandy appearance. The effect of a uniform appearance may be produced by a combination of tints in startling contrast. Thus the black and white stripes of the zebra blend together at a little distance, and “their proportion is su
42、ch as exactly to match the pale tint which arid ground possesses when seen by moonlight.“ Special resemblance is far commoner than general and is the form which is usually met with on the diversified surface of the earth, on the shores, and in shallow water, as well as on the floating masses of alga
43、e on the surface of the ocean, such as the Sargasso Sea. In these environments the cryptic coloring of animals is usually aided by special modifications of shape, and by the instinct which leads them to assume particular attitudes. Complete stillness and the assumption of a certain attitude play an
44、essential part in general resemblance on land; but in special resemblance the attitude is often highly specialized, and perhaps more important than any other element in the complex method by which concealment is effected. In special resemblance the combination of coloring, shape, and attitude is suc
45、h as to produce a more or less exact resemblance to some one of the objects in the environment, such as a leaf of twig, a patch of lichen, a flake of bark. In all cases the resemblance is to some object which is of no interest to the enemy or prey respectively. The animal is not hidden from view by
46、becoming indistinguishable from its background as in the case of general resemblance, but it is mistaken for some well-know object. In seeking the interpretation of these most interesting and elaborate adaptations, attempts have been made along two lines. The first seeks to explain the effect as a result of the direct influence of the environment upon the individual (G.L.L.Buffon), or by the inherited effects of efforts and the use and disuse of
