1、专业八级-241 (1)及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPART LISTENIN(总题数：1，分数：10.00)B How to Present a Seminar Paper/B University students often attend many seminars for various subjects, therefore it is useful for them to know how to present a seminar paper. . U(1) /U BStage/B (1) _. 1. research 2. write up U(2
2、) /U (2) _. . BPresentation Stage-Present the Paper to/B U(3) /U (3) _. 1. circulate copies of the paper U(4) /U to all the participants (4) _. 2. read aloud to the group 1) introduce your paper 2 reasons: - the participants may have read the paper but forgotten some of U(5) /U (5) _. - some partici
3、pants may not have time to read the paper 2) not simply read the U(6) /U aloud (6) _. 3 reasons: - if the paper is long, there may not be enough time U(7) /U (7) _. - there may be lack of comprehension or understanding, when listening - it can be very U(8) /U listening to something being read aloud
4、(8) _. 3) follow the 7 points of introducing your paper - decide on U(9) /U for your talk (9) _. - write out your spoken presentation - concentrate on the main points - make your spoken presentation U(10) /U (10) _. - reduce what your are going to say to outline notes - look at your audience while y
5、our are speaking - make a strong ending（分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_二、BSECTION B/B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)I Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will by given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. N
6、ow listen to the interview./I（分数：5.00）(1).All of the following are the direct effects of taking care of your health EXCEPT _.（分数：1.00）A.your salary will go up at a faster rate.B.you need not spend a lot on medicine.C.the premium of your life insurance is low.D.your savings are building up rapidly.(2
7、).Which of the following is NOT an example of things on which you spend money?（分数：1.00）A.Electricity.B.Rent.C.Mortgage.D.Car payments.(3).According to the interviewee, in order to bring your cost down, you should _.（分数：1.00）A.buy new cars.B.buy used cars.C.lease new cars.D.sell used cars.(4).What is
8、 the biggest leap by far towards the million dollars?（分数：1.00）A.Get homes and cars on eBay.B.Maximize your 401K at work.C.Swap used clothes and furniture.D.Lower your mortgage rate.(5).Ideally, how much does a hypothetical couples 401k amount to over 10 years?（分数：1.00）A.$15,000.B.$ 500,000.C.$ 397,0
9、00.D.$ 31,000.三、BSECTION C/B(总题数：4，分数：5.00)I Questions 6 and 7are.based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the two questions. Now listen to the news./I（分数：2.00）(1).As to the legislation evangelical leaders call for, Bushs attitude is on
10、e of _.（分数：1.00）A.affirmation.B.deprecation.C.paradox.D.nonchalance.(2).It can be inferred from the news that conservative Christians _.（分数：1.00）A.uphold the domestic policies of the Bush Administration.B.care more about family values than the issue of abortion.C.are concerned more about abortion th
11、an global warming.D.will help elect President Bush in the next election of presidency.1.I Question 8 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question. Now listen to the news./ISlobodan Davidovic was given a 15-year prison sentence becau
12、se _.（分数：1.00）A.he was found guilty of torturing Croatian prisoners.B.he was involved in the operation to kill 6 people.C.he was convicted of murdering some young Muslims.D.he participated in the maltreatment of the prisoners.2.I Question 9 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item
13、, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question. Now listen to the news./IWhat measure are the Iraqi authorities going to take?（分数：1.00）A.Protect routes of fuel distribution.B.Reopen the refinery next month.C.Cut down the production of oil.D.Fill the tanks of tanker drivers.3.I Question 10 is
14、based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question. Now listen to the news./IRichard Causey has turned on his former colleagues in hope of _.（分数：1.00）A.the exemption from penalty.B.the cooperation with prosecutors.C.revealing the truth about
15、 the bankruptcy.D.the abatement of penalty.四、BPART READING (总题数：4，分数：20.00)BTEXT A/BAs a contemporary artist, Jim Dine has often incorporated other peoples photography into his abstract works. But, the 68-year-old American didnt pick up a camera himself and start shooting until he moved to Berlin in
16、 1995-and once he did, he couldnt stop. The result is a voluminous collection of images, ranging from early-20th-century style heliogravures to modern-day digital printings, a selection of which are on exhibition at the Maison Europeenne de la Photographic in Paris. They are among his most prized ac
17、hievements. “I make photographs the way I make paintings,“ says Dine, “but the difference is, in photography, its like lighting a fire every time.“Though photography makes up a small slice of Dines vast oeuvre, the exhibit is a true retrospective of his career. Dine mostly photographs his own artwor
18、k or the subjects that he has portrayed in sculpture, painting and prints including Venus de Milo, ravens and owls, hearts and skulls. There are still pictures of well-used tools in his Connecticut workshop, delightful digital self-portraits and intimate portraits of his sleeping wife, the American
19、photographer Diana Michener. Most revealing and novel are Dines shots of his poetry, scribbled in charcoal on walls like graffiti. To take in this show is to wander through Dines life: his childhood obsessions, his loves, his dreams. It is a poignant and powerful exhibit that rightly celebrates one
20、of modern arts most intriguing-and least hyped-talents.When he arrived on the scene in the early 1960s, Dine was seen as a pioneer in the pop-art movement. But he didnt last long; once pop stagnated, Dine moved on. “Pop art had 1o do with the exterior world,“ he says. He was more interested, he adds
21、, in “what was going on inside me.“ He explored his own personality, and from there developed themes. His love for handcrafting grew into a series of artworks incorporating hammers and saws. His obsession with owls and ravens came from a dream he once had. His childhood toy Pinocchio, worn and chipp
22、ed, appears in some self-portraits as a red and yellow blur flying through the air.Dine first dabbled in photography in the late 1970s, when Polaroid invited him to try out a new large-format camera at its head-quarters in Cambridge, Massachusetts. He produced a series of colorful, out-of-focus self
23、-portraits, and when he was done, he packed them away. A half dozen of these images in per feet condition-are on display in Paris for the first time. Though masterful, they feel flat when compared with his later pictures.Dine didnt shoot again until he went to Berlin in the mid 90s to teach. By then
24、 he was ready to embrace photography completely. Michener was his guide: “She opened my eyes to what was possible,“ he says. “Her approach is so natural and classic. I listened.“ When it came time to print what he had photo graphed, Dine chose heliogravure, the old style of printing favored by Alfre
25、d Stieglitz, Edward Curtis and Paul Strand, which gives photographs a warm tone and an almost hand drawn loop like Dines etchings. He later tried out the traditional black-and-white silver-gelatin process, then digital photography and jetink printing, which he adores.About the same time, Dine immers
26、ed himself into Jungian psychoanalysis. That, in conjunction with his new artistic tack, proved cathartic. “The access photography gives you to your subconscious is so fantastic,“ he says. “Ive learned how to bring these images out like a stream of consciousness-something thats not possible in the s
27、ame way in drawing or painting because technique always gets in your way.“ This is evident in the way he works: when Dine shoots, he leaves things alone.Eventually, Dine turned the camera on himself. His self-portraits are disturbingly personal; he opens himself physically and emotionally before the
28、 lens. He says such pictures are an attempt to examine himself as well as “record the march of time, what gravity does to the face in everybody. Im a very willing subject.“ Indeed, Dine sees photography as the surest path to self-discovery. “Ive always learned about myself in my art,“ he says. “But
29、photography expresses me. Its me. Me. “The Paris exhibit makes that perfectly clear.（分数：6.00）(1).According the Dine, the difference between painting and photography is that _.（分数：1.00）A.the latter requires more insight.B.the former needs more patience.C.the latter arouses great passions in him.D.the
30、 former involves more indoor work.(2).The word “oeuvre“ in the second paragraph probably means _.（分数：1.00）A.all the works of an artist.B.all the efforts of an artist.C.an artists great potential.D.an artists great talent.(3).Which of the following photographs of Dines leaves the deepest impression o
31、n the author?（分数：1.00）A.Pictures of graffiti on walls.B.Photographs of his poetry.C.Shots of his well-used tools.D.Pictures of ravens and owls.(4).What does the author think of Dines self-portraits in the late 1970s?（分数：1.00）A.Their connotative meanings are not rich enough.B.They are not so exquisit
32、e as his later works.C.They reflect themes of his childhood dreams.D.They are much better than his later pictures.(5).All of the following field has Dine ever set foot in EXCEPT _.（分数：1.00）A.a new style of painting.B.a silver-gelatin process.C.an old style of printing.D.Jungian psychoanalysis.(6).Wh
33、at is the main idea of the passage?（分数：1.00）A.Jim Dines exhibit is a true retrospective of his career.B.The author tells us Jim Dines life stories as an artist.C.Jim Dine is distinguished for his colorful self-portraits.D.In a revealing exhibit, Jim Dine points his lens inward.BTEXT B/BBritains east
34、 midlands were once the picture of English countryside, alive with flocks, shepherds, skylarks and buttercups the stuff of fairytales. In 1941 George Marsh left school at the age of 14 to work as a herdsman in Nottinghamshire, the East Midlands countryside his parents and grandparents farmed. He rec
35、alls skylarks nesting in cereal fields, which when accidentally disturbed would fly singing into the sky. But in his lifetime, Marsh has seen the color and diversity of his native land fade. Farmers used to grow about a ton of wheat per acre; now they grow four tons. Pesticides have killed off the i
36、nsects upon which skylarks fed, and year-round harvesting has driven the birds from their winter nests. Skylarks are now rare. “Farmers kill anything that affects production,“ says Marsh. “Agriculture is too efficient.“Anecdotal evidence of a looming crisis in biodiversity is now being reinforced by
37、 science. In their comprehensive surveys of plants, butterflies and birds over the past 20 to 40 years in Britain, ecologists Jeremy Thomas and Carly Stevens found significant population declines in a third of all native species. Butterflies are the furthest along-71 percent of Britains 58 species a
38、re shrinking in number, and some, like the large blue and tortoiseshell, are already extinct. In Britains grasslands, a key habitat, 20 percent of all animal, plant and insect species are on the path to extinction. Theres hardly a corner of the countrys ecology that isnt affected by this downward sp
39、iral.The problem would be bad enough if it were merely local, but its not: because Britains temperate ecology is similar to that in so many other parts of the world, its the best microcosm scientists have been able to study in detail. Scientists have sounded alarms about species extinction in the pa
40、st, but always specific to a particular animal or place-whales in the 1980s or the Amazonian rain forests in the 1990s. This time, though, the implications are much wider. The Amazon is a “biodiversity hot spot“ with a unique ecology. But in Britain, “the main drivers of change are the same processe
41、s responsible for species declines worldwide,“ says Thomas. The findings, published in the journal Science, provide the first clear evidence that the world is in the throes of a massive extinction. Thomas and Stevens argue that we are facing a loss of 65 to 95 percent of the worlds species, on the s
42、cale of an ice age or the meteorite that may have wiped out the dinosaurs 65 million years ago.If so, this would be only the sixth time such devastation had occurred in the past 600 million years. The other five were associated with one-off events like the ice ages, a volcanic eruption or a meteor.
43、This time, ecosystems are dying a thousand deaths-from overfishing and the razing of the rain forests, but also from advances in agriculture. The British study, for instance, finds that one of the biggest problems is nitrogen pollution. Nitrogen is released when fossil fuels burn in cars and power p
44、lants-but also when ecologically rich heath lands are plowed and fertilizers are spread. Nitrogen-rich fertilizers fuel the growth of tall grasses, which in turn overshadow and kill off delicate flowers like harebells and eyebrights.Even seemingly innocuous practices are responsible for vast ecologi
45、cal damage. When British farmers stopped feeding horses and cattle with hay and switched to silage, a kind of preserved short grass, they eliminated a favorite nesting spot of corncrakes, birds known for their raspy nightly mating calls; corncrake populations have fallen 76 percent in the past 20 ye
46、ars. The depressing list goes on and on.Many of these practices are being repeated throughout the world, in one form or another, which is why scientists believe that the British study has global implications. Wildlife is getting blander. “We dont know which species are essential to the web of life s
47、o were taking a massive risk by eliminating any of them,“ says David Wedin, professor of ecology at the University of Nebraska. Chances are well be seeing the results of this experiment before too long.（分数：6.00）(1).From the first paragraph, we get the impression that George Marsh _.（分数：1.00）A.cheris
48、hes his adolescence memories.B.thinks highly of the efficiency of agriculture.C.may not have happy memories of past time.D.cannot remember his adolescence days.(2).Which of the following statements is TRUE of Jeremy Thomas and Carly Stevenss surveys?（分数：1.00）A.They reported the results of the surveys to the government.B.There were no such comprehensive surveys done before.C
