1、专业八级-238 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、LISTENING COMPREHENS(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、SECTION A MINI-LECTU(总题数：1，分数：60.00)How to Succeed in Your Literature ClassCollege literature class may seem difficult to beginners, especially with their language limits. What is most challenging is that literature class dep
2、ends highly on 1 . . Features of literature class 2 freedom with personal ideas encouraged rules and accuracy off guard . Three pieces of advice for literature class learners A. The first piece of advice: 3 assigned reading before class: necessary whether in large lectures or in small ones for large
3、 lectures: greater progress and more 4 in the lecture avoidance of being told the plots before reading for small lectures: 5 in open discussion especially for shy students target of literature class: general aspects of important books subtle differences of how stories are crafted drill in reading an
4、d 6 of huge amounts of information B. The second piece of advice: 7 method: reading all materials instead of 8 paying more attention to style and deeper intention instead of plots or 9 requirement of literature papers: focused and 10 benefit to paper writing: 11 every word exploring possible meaning
5、s and implications learning to defend personal interpretations with 12 evidence C. The third piece of advice: questioningly not afraid of possible 13 display of full thought in arguments with 14 consideration of suitable ways of arguments or simple embrace of uncertainty . The additional tip selecti
6、on of a course with 15 （分数：60.00）填空项 1:_三、SECTION B INTERVIEW(总题数：2，分数：40.00)（分数：20.00）A.A church clergy.B.A psychologist.C.A counselor.D.A social worker.A.Because they are very annoying for people.B.Because they are very wonderful for people.C.Because they are very common to people.D.Because they a
7、re very puzzling to people.A.Negative.B.Positive.C.Neutral.D.Uninterested.A.Bad things.B.Shames.C.Opportunities.D.Disappointments.A.We have to tolerate regret for a long time.B.Sometimes regret is about the past.C.Regret is a present emotion.D.Regret is about centering around the future.（分数：20.00）A.
8、Guilt hinders you from acting.B.Guilt is a merciless blow in the past.C.Regret is something we should repress.D.Regret makes us take action.A.It“s very simple.B.It“s very difficult.C.It“s impossible.D.It depends.A.Having a view shift towards regret.B.Identifying the regret.C.Doing something to chang
9、e the present situation.D.Forgetting all about the regret.A.He may go the adoption route.B.He may let relatives“ children come into his life.C.He may work for children as a volunteer.D.He may have a test-tube baby.A.The difference between guilt and regret.B.The right way to deal with regret.C.The mi
10、staken view we hold on regret.D.The definition of regret.专业八级-238 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、LISTENING COMPREHENS(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、SECTION A MINI-LECTU(总题数：1，分数：60.00)How to Succeed in Your Literature ClassCollege literature class may seem difficult to beginners, especially with their language limit
11、s. What is most challenging is that literature class depends highly on 1 . . Features of literature class 2 freedom with personal ideas encouraged rules and accuracy off guard . Three pieces of advice for literature class learners A. The first piece of advice: 3 assigned reading before class: necess
12、ary whether in large lectures or in small ones for large lectures: greater progress and more 4 in the lecture avoidance of being told the plots before reading for small lectures: 5 in open discussion especially for shy students target of literature class: general aspects of important books subtle di
13、fferences of how stories are crafted drill in reading and 6 of huge amounts of information B. The second piece of advice: 7 method: reading all materials instead of 8 paying more attention to style and deeper intention instead of plots or 9 requirement of literature papers: focused and 10 benefit to
14、 paper writing: 11 every word exploring possible meanings and implications learning to defend personal interpretations with 12 evidence C. The third piece of advice: questioningly not afraid of possible 13 display of full thought in arguments with 14 consideration of suitable ways of arguments or si
15、mple embrace of uncertainty . The additional tip selection of a course with 15 （分数：60.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：subjectivity）解析： subjectivity 听力原文 How to Succeed in Your Literature ClassGood morning everyone, our topic today is about how to do well in your literature class in your college days. College liter
16、ature classes often shock people with little or no experience closely analyzing literature. First year students and those pre-med students just fulfilling their lone literature requirement generally find themselves uncertain of how to approach the assigned readings, class discussions, and papers. Th
17、e seemingly intimidating classes may further terrify students if language skills are not their strong points. Literature courses and assignments tend to be extremely different from those of any other discipline because of their extreme subjectivity. This aspect is what many people tend to find most
18、surprising and challenging in an academic setting. I am not saying that you can throw reason and fact out of the window in literature courses, but you are given much more intellectual freedom with your personal thoughts and ideas. And that is a feature that catches those accustomed to regimented rul
19、es and precise answers in experiments and problems sets slightly off guard. The most important pieces of advice I can offer those considering taking a literature course is to be ready and willing to read everything questioningly, closely, and in advance. Beginning with the “in advance“ piece of wisd
20、om: literature professors HATE when their students have not done the assigned reading. They assigned it for a reason, so have it finished when you get to class. For large lectures students often think it is not that important to do the readings since they will not be forced to speak up and offer opi
21、nions. This is completely wrong. Why attend a lecture on a piece of writing that the professor assumes you have read? You will take nothing away from the lecture and will not be able to make any sense of whatever notes you take, even if you read the material after the fact. Also professors tend to b
22、e plot spoilers, so if you are taking a class in which you are reading novels, if you do not want to find out who dies or gets arrested or falls in love or any other possible endings, I would highly recommend reading the book before class. In small classes that have lots of open discussion, professo
23、rs can always tell who has and who has not done the week“s reading. Don“t think it won“t affect your participation grade for the course. Also if you are a particularly shy individual who doesn“t often speak up in class anyway, you will be even less likely to participate if you have no idea what the
24、discussion is about. Come to class with your reading finished and you will certainly think of some way to contribute to the class dialogue. The entire point of a literature class is to engross a student in the general aspects of important books, to explore many, subtle differences of how stories are
25、 crafted, and to train the college scholar to read and digest huge amounts of information. You won“t do well in the course without making a sincere attempt to read and understand every assigned text. Next, make sure you read all material very closely. Do not skim through seemingly unimportant passag
26、es of long novels, or read Spark Notes and think you know what happens in the reading. These methods of “reading“ leave you without any idea of the author“s style or deeper intentions; they merely give you plot or surface meanings. Reading things halfway will be of no benefit to you when it is time
27、to write your papers. Literature professors usually want papers that are very sharply focused and detailed. Often they will assign topics that include one of the phrases “pick one sentence from the novel“, or “choose a short passage“, or “discuss a single metaphor“. These exercises in close reading
28、force students to unpack every word within their chosen section of the text and discuss many different possible meanings and implications. This is where a literature student“s freedom in thinking is clearly exhibited. There is no single answer or interpretation to most pieces of literature, but stud
29、ents must be able to read closely enough to defend a case with textual evidence that will support their personal interpretation. Finally, do not feel defeated if you find a piece of evidence in the text that seems to contradict the line of thinking you had developed about the piece of literature. Li
30、terature papers and discussions should question every theory by offering counterevidence. As I previously said, clear-cut answers do not exist in any form of literature, be it poetry, fiction, essays, or even nonfiction. You must read all genres with a discerning eye, and instead of avoiding possibl
31、e conflicts in your papers, use them to show that you have fully thought through your arguments. Think of ways that they can fit in and support, or simply acknowledge that something seems unexplainable to your uncertainty is acceptable in literature courses; after all, you generally do not have acce
32、ss to the author“s personal thoughts. Just be sure that even your uncertainty delves into possible interpretations of a work, sentence, or word. Literature discussions and papers do not need to provide answers per say, but they MUST be thought provoking. So unpack single words, look up meanings and
33、histories, analyze sentence structures for potential purposes, and never stop questioning your thoughts. And the last piece of advice I have to offer: look at the reading lists of literature courses you are considering so you do not make yourself miserable by spending a semester reading literature y
34、ou have no interest in. Literature courses should be enjoyable, and their readings stimulating, so find one that interests you and begin analyzing everything! Ok, today I“ve given several tips to you regarding the ways of succeeding your literature class. I hope they could help you get your hands on
35、 the class when you are ready to go. Thank you for listening. 考点 本题考查重要细节。 根据听力原文可知，文学课程和文学作业与其他课程有很大不同，原因是它们有很强的主观性，所以填subjectivity。 解析： intellectual 考点 本题设题点在转折处。 根据听力原文可知，文学课给予学生更多的学术自由来表达个人的想法和观点，故答案为intellectual。 解析： in advance 考点 本题设题点在分论点处。 根据听力原文可知，演讲者给上文学课的学生提的第一条建议是“提前阅读”，所以填 in advance。 解
36、析： harvest 考点 本题考查对信息的概括。 根据听力原文可知，如果不提前阅读，你将一无所获，无论笔记多么详尽，你也无法理清头绪；即使你课后重新阅读，也无法取得良好效果。此题需概括语义，即提前阅读是为了获得更大的进步或更多的收获，故答案为 harvest。 解析： better participation 考点 本题考查对信息的概括。 根据听力原文可知，小班课堂有很多开放性的讨论活动，教授们能看出你有没有完成这周的阅读功课。不要以为这不会影响你这门课程的出勤分数。此处可概括为阅读能使你更好地参与课堂讨论，故答案为better participation。 解析： digestion 考点
37、 本题设题点在目的处。 根据听力原文可知，这里概括了文学课教学的三点目的，最后一点是要锻炼学生阅读和消化海量信息的能力，这里需要填写名词形式，故答案为 digestion。 解析： closely 考点 本题设题点在分论点处。 根据听力原文可知，第二条建议是确保你是认真、细致地阅读所有的学习材料，所以填 closely。 解析： skimming 考点 本题考查重要细节。 根据听力原文可知，仔细阅读时，不要跳过看上去不重要的内容或者只读情节注释便以为读懂了作品，故答案为 skimming。注意 skim 的动名词形式需双写 m。 解析： surface meanings 考点 本题考查重要细节
38、。 根据听力原文可知，这种阅读方法只能让你了解情节或者表面意思，故答案为 surface meanings。 解析： detailed 考点 本题设题点在定语从句处。 根据听力原文可知，教授文学课的教授喜欢主题明确和叙述详尽的论文。其中两个形容词是关键，故答案为 detailed。 解析： unpacking 考点 本题考查重要细节。 根据听力原文可知，在仔细阅读中，这些练习活动迫使学生掌握他们所选文章中的每一个词，并尽可能多地讨论每个词的含义，所以填 unpacking。 解析： textual 考点 本题考查重要细节。 根据听力原文可知，大部分文学作品都没有单一的结论或解释，学生必须仔细阅
39、读原文，用原文中能支持其观点的证据来论证其对文章的评论观点，故答案为 textual。 解析： contradictions 考点 本题考查重要细节。 根据听力原文可知，假如你发现文章中的一条论据似乎与你对这篇文章所形成的想法相矛盾时，不要气馁，所以填 contradictions。 解析： counterevidence 考点 本题考查对信息的概括。 根据听力原文可知，文学论文和讨论应勇于质疑任何理论。任何形式的文学都不存在清晰明确的标准答案，无论是诗歌、小说、散文或者非小说文学。在阅读任何形式的文学作品时都要做有洞察力的读者，而不是尽量避免自己论文中可能出现的冲突，要利用它们通过你的论证来
40、展示你的深入思考。此空需概括句意，即用反证来论证你已经深入思考了的观点，故答案为 counterevidence。 解析： interest 考点 本题设题点在建议处。 根据听力原文可知，要选择感兴趣的阅读书目，故答案为 interest。 三、SECTION B INTERVIEW(总题数：2，分数：40.00)（分数：20.00）A.A church clergy. B.A psychologist.C.A counselor.D.A social worker.解析：听力原文 W: We brought in a person to help us understand what reg
41、rets are all about. Reverend Sherri Hausser is an associate pastor at the Bryn Mawr Presbyterian Church in Pennsylvania. Nice to have you here. M: Thank you. W: We talked about this, I guess in the meeting, that everybody on the staff said we should do a segment about regrets. Why? Why is it somethi
42、ng we need to talk about? M: Regrets are amongst the most human things we have: these amazing invitation and opportunity to grow. So if you don“t have regrets, I mean I wouldn“t want to deal with someone who didn“t have regrets. W: But immediately you say regrets are positive, and most people don“t
43、think that way. Most people think that regrets are negative. M: I think they have a negative attitude on regrets because we“ve been taught that regrets are a bad thing, so we repress them and have a certain amount of shame about them. But I think they are absolutely an opportunity if we acknowledge
44、them. W: Basically two kinds of regrets. Wouldn“t that be fair to say most people have regrets about a personal relationship or about an opportunity and sometimes obviously those things that cross over? When is the amount of time you spend worrying about something you think about normal? And when do
45、es it become something that negatively impacts your life? M: I think if it makes you stop functioning, then it becomes abnormal as long as the regret stays as an energy. Sometimes you have to sit with it a long time. You sit with the regret and you try to understand. It“s never about the past. It“s
46、a present emotion. And what it really isit“s a yearning about something in the future, it“s something popping up and saying “wow, I could be more, I could do something different“. It“s really about focusing on the future, even though it seems to be about the past. W: Sometimes it“s about the past; a
47、 woman in the pizzaria said I regret not listening to my mom and getting married too young. Clearly she set some problems in the past. What“s Sherri“s occupation? 本题考查重要细节。根据听力原文可知，谢利在宾夕法尼亚州的布林茅尔长老会教堂担任副牧师，因此 A为正确答案。A.Because they are very annoying for people.B.Because they are very wonderful for pe
48、ople.C.Because they are very common to people. D.Because they are very puzzling to people.解析：听力原文 Why is it necessary for people to talk about “regrets“? 本题考查对信息的概括。根据听力原文可知，后悔的事人人都做过，它是人们改善自我的机会，因此 C 为正确答案。A.Negative.B.Positive. C.Neutral.D.Uninterested.解析：听力原文 What is Sherri“s attitude towards reg
49、rets? 本题考查重要细节。根据听力原文可知，谢利不想和没有后悔过的人打交道，他认为后悔是积极的，而不像大多人那样认为后悔是消极的，由此可以推出谢利对待后悔的态度是肯定的，因此 B 为正确答案。A.Bad things.B.Shames.C.Opportunities. D.Disappointments.解析：听力原文 What does the interviewee equate regrets with? 本题设题点在转折处。根据听力原文可知，大多数人对后悔持有否定的态度，因为人们一直以来被灌输的是后悔不是一件好事，所以人们压抑后悔之情，并为自己有这种感情感到羞耻，但这并非被采访者谢利对待后悔的看法，所以排除 A、B 和 D。根据听力原文，谢利觉得如果人们承认了自己的后悔之情，那么后悔就变成了机遇，因此 C 为正确答案。A.We have to tolerate regret for a long time.B.Sometimes regret is about the past. C.Regre
