1、专业八级-232 (1)及答案解析(总分：99.01，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPART LISTENIN(总题数：4，分数：19.00)BOur Greatest Possession/BMan is called in Greek the Zoon phonanta which means the(1) _. What (1) _makes humanity different from the rest of the animal world is its capacity for(2) _ (2) _a system of sound signals. Human beings te
2、nd to use speech not for conveying messagesor expressing feelings but merely for establishing and sustaining(3) _ (3) _The(4) _of language is essentially a part of the modernization of language. (4) _Modern English is grammatically much simpler than its ancestor Anglo-Saxon, and Italianand Spanish a
3、re much simpler than their mother(5) _ (5) _All of us say things we never said before, and without much(6) _effort; we (6) _are always inventing new things to say. That is file great human talent, which is based ona very simple peculiarity of the human brain-its capacity to think in(7) _. Man (7) _i
4、s able to separate specific sounds and oppose one to another.Although we are quite(8) _of the origins of human language, we know that (8) _when language first appeared, it was already fully(9) _. The system of symbols (9) _of the outside world was the(10) _to the creation of inside worlds. Language
5、is (10) _our greatest possession.Please move on to Section B Interview.（分数：10.00）(1).（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_BSECTION B/BI Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the
6、 following five questions.Now listen to the interview./I（分数：5.00）(1).Susan had always been interested in _.（分数：1.00）A.multimedia educationB.multimedia devicesC.multicultural educationD.multicultural communication(2).Susan _.（分数：1.00）A.has been comfortable working with computers from the very beginni
7、ngB.used to be afraid of computersC.decided to enroll in a computer courseD.dreamed of becoming a computer expert(3).Her first Internet project _.（分数：1.00）A.was a simple one about healthB.started when they had computers in the classroom that were connected to the InternetC.received congratulatory le
8、tters from students parentsD.was rewarded a phone line by her administrator(4).What was Susans motive for carrying on the project?（分数：1.00）A.Her passion.B.Her administrators demand.C.Peer pressure.D.Students encouragement.(5).Which of the following was NOT mentioned by Susan when she talked about he
9、r personal rewards?（分数：1.00）A.Her project changed parents attitude towards the Internet.B.Her projects have had a positive impact.C.A class in Canada purchased computers because they were eager to be on her project.D.She got to collaborate with a lot of talented teachers.BSECTION C/BIQuestions 6 and
10、 7 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.Now listen to the news./I（分数：2.00）(1).How many South Korean hostages will Taliban insurgents plan to release?（分数：1.00）A.3B.19C.21D.23(2).Afghan government insisted that _.（分数：1.00）A.
11、all the Taliban captors be caught and punishedB.it would not exchange Taliban prisoners for Korean hostagesC.it would negotiate with the Taliban for a compromiseD.it would help the South Korean officials rescue their hostagesIQuestions 8 and 9 are based on the following news. At the end of the news
12、item, yon will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.Now listen to the news./I（分数：2.01）(1).Where is the damage gouge located in Space Shuttle Endeavour?（分数：0.67）A.In one black heat tile under the right wind.B.In one of the main landing gear doors.C.In one black heat tile under the left wind.D.
13、In the middle of Endeavours belly.(2).Endeavours repair options include a heat resistant paint, a protective plate or _.（分数：0.67）A.a heat protection tileB.a mechanical handC.a measuring instrumentD.a thick compound_二、BPART READING (总题数：7，分数：20.00)BTEXT A/BBQuake Engineering:Looking at the Turkish Ea
14、rthquake Damage?/BDespite the size of the devastating quake that ripped through Turkey, American structural engineers say there was something that might have alleviated the damage and saved lives. These images of the devastation in Turkey confirm what seismic engineers already know: that a powerful
15、earthquake has an ally in a weak building. Jim Malley of Degenkolb Engineers, “This is the most common form of multi-story building In Turkey. Its what we call a concrete frame.“ Structural engineer Jim Malley studied damaged buildings in Turkey in 1992 after a 6.8 (Richter Scale)quake left more tha
16、n 600 dead. Jim Malley says, “These are very heavy buildings and its not uncommon for them to collapse In earthquakes because of the extra mass. The risk of building collapse increases when the first floor is a shop and glass windows replace brick walls. Undoubtedly, there was a glass store front at
17、 this level, and all that came through for the structure, was concrete columns, and that made it much weaker, and as a result we got the collapse of that first story.“Malley says Turkeys concrete frame buildings often lack reinforcing steel, use too little or use a smooth steel bar that fails to gri
18、p the concrete. “We use whats called deformed bars where theres little bumps on the steel, which helps to tie the reinforcing steel into the concrete, and smooth bars. it pulls out much more easily.“In California, where each big quake teaches engineers another way of coping, steel frames reduce the
19、weight of new buildings, and strong joints keep them agile.Janiele Maffei shows a San Francisco skyscraper under construction and says, “The building is designed to move and to sway. and the connections to stay together.“Structural engineer Jardele Maffei says the 1994 Northridge, California quake,
20、revealed the weakness of rigid joints. Engineers found a simple solution, She demonstrates the point by way of the building under way, “See to the right of the connection. See the beam? See how it looks like its been tapered? Thats called a dog bone; you can see how it looks like a dog bone, how its
21、 tapered. What that will do is it will take the stresses away from the connection, and concentrate them in that smaller section of the beam.“Cross bracing up the elevator shaft gives a building brute strength.Janiele Maffei says, “What steel bracing does, is it connects the various floors, and keeps
22、 there from moving relative to each other in an earthquake.“Maffei says Turkish engineers do know how to build for earthquakes and building codes in Turkey are good, at least on paper. But somehow the system failed to produce earthquake resistant buildings,（分数：5.00）(1).According to the article, what
23、 is the most common form of multi-story building in Turkey?（分数：1.00）A.Wooden structures.B.Reinforced concrete single levels.C.The concrete frame.D.The dog bone frame.(2).According to the article, why is it significant that buildings way have shops on the first (ground)floors with glass window displa
24、ys?（分数：1.00）A.People like to shop on the ground floor of buildings.B.People can see into the windows on this level.C.Windows do not support a building as well as walls do.D.People should not shop in large buildings.(3).Earthquakes in California have taught people _.（分数：1.00）A.to have panic attacks w
25、ith strangersB.ways of coping with construction techniquesC.how to build weak jointsD.to be seismic engineers(4).According to structural engineers in California, what is important for an earthquake-resistant building?（分数：1.00）A.Rigid frames so that buildings do not move in earthquakes.B.Concrete fra
26、mes.C.Buildings designed to move and sway.D.One-story buildings.(5).According to the article, why should building joints be agile?（分数：1.00）A.Such joints are cheap.B.Such joints make buildings flexible and moveable.C.Such joints are concrete frames.D.Such joints make the buildings rigid.1.BTEXT B/BBD
27、irty Britain/BBefore the grass has thickened on the roadside verges and leaves have started growing on the trees is a perfect time to look around and see just how dirty Britain has become. The pavements are stained with chewing gum that has been spat out and the gutters are full of discarded fast fo
28、od cartons. Years ago I remember travelling abroad and being saddened by the plastic bags, discarded bottles and soiled nappies at the edge of every road. Nowadays, Britain seems to look at least as had. What has gone wrong?The problem is that the rubbish created by our increasingly mobile lives las
29、ts a lot longer than before. If it is not cleared up and properly thrown away, it stays in the undergrowth for years; a semi-permanent reminder of what a tarry little country we have now.Firstly, it is estimated that 10 billion plastic bags have been given to shoppers. These will take anything from
30、100 to 1,000 years to rot. However, it is not as if there is no solution to this. A few years ago, the Irish government introduced a tax on non-recyclable carrier bags and in three months reduced their use by 99%. When he was a minister, Michael Meacher attempted to introduce a similar arrangement i
31、n Britain. The plastics industry protested, of course. However, they need not have bothered; the idea was killed before it could draw breath, leaving supermarkets free to give away plastic bags.What is clearly necessary right now is some sort of combined initiative, both individual and collective, b
32、efore it is too late. The alternative is to continue sliding downhill until we have a country that looks like a vast municipal rubbish tip. We may well be at the tipping point. Yet we know that people respond to their environ-meet. If things around them are clean and tidy, people behave cleanly and
33、tidily. If they are surrounded by squalor, they behave squalidly. Now, much of Britain looks pretty squalid. What wilt it look like in five years?_BTEXT B/BBDirty Britain/BBefore the grass has thickened on the roadside verges and leaves have started growing on the trees is a perfect time to look aro
34、und and see just how dirty Britain has become. The pavements are stained with chewing gum that has been spat out and the gutters are full of discarded fast food cartons. Years ago I remember travelling abroad and being saddened by the plastic bags, discarded bottles and soiled nappies at the edge of
35、 every road. Nowadays, Britain seems to look at least as had. What has gone wrong?The problem is that the rubbish created by our increasingly mobile lives lasts a lot longer than before. If it is not cleared up and properly thrown away, it stays in the undergrowth for years; a semi-permanent reminde
36、r of what a tarry little country we have now.Firstly, it is estimated that 10 billion plastic bags have been given to shoppers. These will take anything from 100 to 1,000 years to rot. However, it is not as if there is no solution to this. A few years ago, the Irish government introduced a tax on no
37、n-recyclable carrier bags and in three months reduced their use by 99%. When he was a minister, Michael Meacher attempted to introduce a similar arrangement in Britain. The plastics industry protested, of course. However, they need not have bothered; the idea was killed before it could draw breath,
38、leaving supermarkets free to give away plastic bags.What is clearly necessary right now is some sort of combined initiative, both individual and collective, before it is too late. The alternative is to continue sliding downhill until we have a country that looks like a vast municipal rubbish tip. We
39、 may well be at the tipping point. Yet we know that people respond to their environ-meet. If things around them are clean and tidy, people behave cleanly and tidily. If they are surrounded by squalor, they behave squalidly. Now, much of Britain looks pretty squalid. What wilt it look like in five ye
40、ars?（分数：5.00）(1).The writer says that it is a good time to see Britain before the trees have leaves because _.（分数：1.00）A.Britain looks perfectB.you can see Britain at its dirtiestC.you can see how dirty Britain is nowD.the grass has thickened on the verges(2).According to the writer, things used to
41、be _.（分数：1.00）A.worse abroadB.the same abroadC.better abroadD.worse, but now things are better abroad(3).For the writer, the problem is that _.（分数：1.00）A.rubbish is not cleared upB.rubbish lasts longer than it used toC.our society is increasingly mobileD.Britain is a tarry country(4).Michael Meacher
42、 _.（分数：1.00）A.followed the Irish example with a tax on plastic bagsB.tried to follow the Irish example with a tax on plastic bagsC.made no attempt to follow the Irish example with a tax on plastic bagsD.had problems with the plastics industry who wasnt bothered about the tax(5).The writer thinks _.（
43、分数：1.00）A.it is too late to do anythingB.we are at the tipping pointC.there is no alternativeD.we need to work together to solve the problem2.BTEXT C/BBOregon Mom Forced to Treat Baby for HIV/BKathleen Tyson wants desperately to breast feed her baby, But the state of Oregon says it will take the bab
44、y from her if she does. The government threatened the action after Tyson tested positive for HIV, the virus the vast majority of medical researchers say causes AIDS.For now, at least, she gives the infant a cows milk formula. And until a few weeks ago, she reluctantly gave him a state ordered medica
45、lly prescribed six-week course of the powerful AIDS drug AZT. She faces a court date in April to try to regain total freedom in how she cares for her son, including the right to breastfeed.Kathleen Tyson says, “There is evidence that there is something in breast milk that inhibits the binding of HIV
46、 to receptor cells in the infant. So were starting to get an idea that maybe its not so bad as everybody thinks.“Tyson and her husband David are at odds with the medical establishment and the medical research showing HIV causes aids. Nor is the couple convinced by studies that show HIV can be transm
47、itted by breast milk. Whats more, the Tysons say they have no idea why Kathleen tested positive. The two say theyve had a monogamous relationship for eleven years, never used I-V drugs, or had blood transfusions, and that both David and the baby tested negative. Are they in denial about the reality of AIDS?“Since Im one who takes care of children with HIV and have watched children die of AIDS, the idea that someone would allow a preventable disease to be transmitted like that, absolutely breaks my heart,“ says Dr. Paul Lewis.David Tyson answers
